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Book 24 - Chapter 1

1
<head lang="la">A. Olymp. 149, 3. I. Res Italiae</head><w lemma="%2Aei%29s">Εἰς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rw%2Fmhn">Ῥώμην</w> <w lemma="paragegono%2Ftwn">παραγεγονότων</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="presbeutw%3Dn">πρεσβευτῶν</w> <w lemma="para%2F">παρά</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Alakedaimoni%2Fwn">Λακεδαιμονίων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="%2Alakedai%2Fmonos">Λακεδαίμονος</w> <w lemma="fuga%2Fdwn">φυγάδων</w>, <w lemma="e%29%2Fti">ἔτι</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="para%5C">παρὰ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29axaiw%3Dn">Ἀχαιῶν</w>, <w lemma="a%28%2Fma">ἅμα</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="par%27">παρ᾽</w> <w lemma="%2Aeu%29me%2Fnous">Εὐμένους</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="par%27">παρ᾽</w> <w lemma="%2A%29ariara%2Fqou">Ἀριαράθου</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="basile%2Fws">βασιλέως</w> <w lemma="h%28ko%2Fntwn">ἡκόντων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="para%5C">παρὰ</w> <w lemma="%2Afarna%2Fkou">Φαρνάκου</w>, <w lemma="tou%2Ftois">τούτοις</w> <w lemma="prw%3Dton">πρῶτον</w> <w lemma="e%29xrhma%2Ftisen">ἐχρημάτισεν</w> <w lemma="h%28">ἡ</w> <w lemma="su%2Fgklhtos">σύγκλητος</w>.
2
<w lemma="braxei%3D">βραχεῖ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="xro%2Fnw%7C">χρόνῳ</w> <w lemma="pro%2Fteron">πρότερον</w> <w lemma="a%29nhggelko%2Ftwn">ἀνηγγελκότων</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Ama%2Frkon">Μάρκον</w> <w lemma="presbeutw%3Dn">πρεσβευτῶν</w>, <w lemma="ou%28%5Cs">οὓς</w> <w lemma="a%29pesta%2Flkeisan">ἀπεστάλκεισαν</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Aeu%29me%2Fnei">Εὐμένει</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Afarna%2Fkh%7C">Φαρνάκῃ</w> <w lemma="sunesthko%2Fta">συνεστηκότα</w> <w lemma="po%2Flemon">πόλεμον</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="diasesafhko%2Ftwn">διασεσαφηκότων</w> <w lemma="peri%2F">περί</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="%2Aeu%29me%2Fnous">Εὐμένους</w> <w lemma="metrio%2Fthtos">μετριότητος</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="pa%3Dsin">πᾶσιν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="%2Afarna%2Fkou">Φαρνάκου</w> <w lemma="pleoneci%2Fas">πλεονεξίας</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="kaqo%2Flou">καθόλου</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="u%28perhfani%2Fas">ὑπερηφανίας</w>,
3
<w lemma="ou%29ke%2Fti">οὐκέτι</w> <w lemma="pollw%3Dn">πολλῶν</w> <w lemma="prosedeh%2Fqh">προσεδεήθη</w> <w lemma="lo%2Fgwn">λόγων</w> <w lemma="h%28">ἡ</w> <w lemma="su%2Fgklhtos">σύγκλητος</w> <w lemma="diakou%2Fsasa">διακούσασα</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="paragegono%2Ftwn">παραγεγονότων</w>, <w lemma="a%29pekri%2Fqh">ἀπεκρίθη</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="dio%2Fti">διότι</w> <w lemma="pa%2Flin">πάλιν</w> <w lemma="pe%2Fmyei">πέμψει</w> <w lemma="presbeuta%5Cs">πρεσβευτὰς</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="filotimo%2Fteron">φιλοτιμότερον</w> <w lemma="e%29piskeyome%2Fnous">ἐπισκεψομένους</w> <w lemma="u%28pe%5Cr">ὑπὲρ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="diafero%2Fntwn">διαφερόντων</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="proeirhme%2Fnois">προειρημένοις</w>.
4
<w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="%2Alakedai%2Fmonos">Λακεδαίμονος</w> <w lemma="fuga%2Fdwn">φυγάδων</w> <w lemma="ei%29sporeuqe%2Fntwn">εἰσπορευθέντων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="po%2Flews">πόλεως</w> <w lemma="a%28%2Fma">ἅμα</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftois">τούτοις</w>, <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="polu%5C">πολὺ</w> <w lemma="diakou%2Fsasa">διακούσασα</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="po%2Flews">πόλεως</w> <w lemma="ou%29de%5Cn">οὐδὲν</w> <w lemma="e%29peti%2Fmhse">ἐπετίμησε</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="gegono%2Ftwn">γεγονότων</w>,
5
<w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="fuga%2Fsin">φυγάσιν</w> <w lemma="e%29phggei%2Flato">ἐπηγγείλατο</w> <w lemma="gra%2Fyein">γράψειν</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29axaiou%5Cs">Ἀχαιοὺς</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="katelqei%3Dn">κατελθεῖν</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%5Cs">αὐτοὺς</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="oi%29kei%2Fan">οἰκείαν</w>.
6
<w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="de%2F">δέ</w> <w lemma="tinas">τινας</w> <w lemma="h%28me%2Fras">ἡμέρας</w> <w lemma="ei%29sporeuqe%2Fntwn">εἰσπορευθέντων</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Abi%2Fppon">Βίππον</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29argei%3Don">Ἀργεῖον</w>, <w lemma="ou%28%5Cs">οὓς</w> <w lemma="a%29pesta%2Flkei">ἀπεστάλκει</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29axaiw%3Dn">Ἀχαιῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fqnos">ἔθνος</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="diasafou%2Fntwn">διασαφούντων</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="%2Amesshni%2Fwn">Μεσσηνίων</w> <w lemma="a%29pokatasta%2Fsews">ἀποκαταστάσεως</w>,
7
<w lemma="ou%29qeni%5C">οὐθενὶ</w> <w lemma="dusaresth%2Fsasa">δυσαρεστήσασα</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="oi%29konoume%2Fnwn">οἰκονουμένων</w> <w lemma="h%28">ἡ</w> <w lemma="su%2Fgklhtos">σύγκλητος</w> <w lemma="a%29pede%2Fcato">ἀπεδέξατο</w> <w lemma="filanqrw%2Fpws">φιλανθρώπως</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="presbeuta%2Fs">πρεσβευτάς</w>.
<head>I. Affairs of Italy</head><head>Various Embassies at Rome</head>Upon the arrival in <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Rome&groupId=935&placeId=1669">Rome</a> of the envoys from the Lacedaemonians and from their exiles, from the Achaeans, from Eumenes, from King Ariarathes, and from Pharnaces, the senate first gave audience to the last named.
A short time previously Marcus and the other commissioners whom they had sent to inquire into the circumstances of the war between Eumenes and Pharnaces had presented their report, in which they pointed out the moderation of Eumenes in all matters, and the rapacious and generally overbearing conduct of Pharnaces. The senate, after listening to the envoys, had no need to debate the matter at length, but replied that they would send legates again to inquire with more diligence into the dispute of the two kings.
The next to enter were the Spartan exiles together with those from the city; and after giving them a long hearing, the senate, without censuring the citizens at all for what had occurred,
promised the exiles to write to the Achaeans begging for their return to their country.
A few days afterwards when Bippus of <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Argos&groupId=361&placeId=689">Argos</a> and the others sent by the Achaean League appeared before them and explained about the restoration of order at Messene,
the senate gave them a courteous reception, expressing no displeasure with anyone for the conduct of the matter.

Walbank Commentary

Overview
24.1.1 - 24.1.7
<p rend="Plain Text">Embassies at <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Rome&groupId=935&placeId=1669">Rome</a> (winter 182/1)</p> <p rend="Plain Text">This passage from de legat. gent. corresponds to Livy, xl. 20. 1–4, who goes straight on with events of 181 in <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Macedonia&groupId=723&placeId=428">Macedonia</a>, which clearly draw on P.'s res Macedoniae (from which no fragments survive).</p>
Specifics
24.1.1 - 24.1.1
<p rend="Plain Text"> <emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">παρά τε τῶν</w></emph> 〈 <emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">Λακεδαιμονίων καὶ τῶν</w></emph> 〉 <emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">ἐκ Λακεδαίμονος φυγάδων</w>:</emph> for Gronovius' addition cf. § 4; and for the names of both sets of envoys see xxiii. 18. 4–5. </p> <p rend="Plain Text"> <emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">παρὰ τῶν Ἀχαιῶν</w>:</emph> cf. xxiii. 18. 3 for Bippus. </p> <p rend="Plain Text"> <emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">Εὐμένους . . . Ἀριαράθου . . . Φαρνάκου</w>:</emph> for Pharnaces' attack on Ariarathes see xxiii. 9. 3 n., note on fg. 112 at the end of book xxiii; and for Eumenes' alignment with Ariarathes see xxi. 45 n. </p>
24.1.2 - 24.1.2
<p rend="Plain Text"> <emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">τῶν περὶ τὸν Μάρκον πρεσβευτῶν</w>:</emph> envoys from Eumenes and Pharnaces had been in <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Rome&groupId=935&placeId=1669">Rome</a> in winter 183/2, following Pharnaces' seizure of <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Sinope&groupId=978&placeId=1730">Sinope</a> in 183, and the Senate had sent legati to investigate (xxiii. 9. 1 ff.). The full name of their leader, Marcus, is not recorded; but there are no grounds for emending to <w lang="el-GR">Μάρκιον</w> (i.e. Q. Marcius Philippus) with Ursinus. </p> <p rend="Plain Text"> <emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">ἐπὶ τὸν Εὐμένει καὶ Φαρνάκῃ συνεστηκότα πόλεμον</w>:</emph> after Pharnaces' seizure of <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Sinope&groupId=978&placeId=1730">Sinope</a>; there is no evidence that Pharnaces was involved in the war between Eumenes and Prusias, which ended in 183 (xxii. 21. 8 n.), and in xxiii. 9. 3 P. speaks only of <w lang="el-GR">τῶν τοῖς βασιλεῦσιν ἀμφισβητουμένων</w>. The disagreement probably turned to war towards the end of 183, with Pharnaces' invasion of <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Galatia&groupId=596&placeId=385">Galatia</a>. A treaty between Eumenes and thirty Cretan cities, dating to the month Panemus of Eumenes' fourteenth regnal year (June 183) concerns the hiring of mercenaries <w lang="el-GR">[πρὸ]ς τοὺς συνισταμένους πολέμους</w>, which may refer to the war with Prusias as well as to that with Pharnaces (Syll. 627 = IC, iv. 179; cf. xxii. 15. 2 n; Hansen <emph rend="superscript">2</emph> , 101 n. 100). On the war see 14. 1–15. 13, xxv. 2. 1–15 (conclusion); Meyer, Pontos, 75 ff.; Diehl, RE, 'Pharnakes (1)', cols. 1849–50. </p>
24.1.3 - 24.1.3
<p rend="Plain Text"> <emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">πάλιν πέμψει . . . ἐπισκεψομένους</w>:</emph> perhaps critical of 'Marcus" report, with its commitment to Eumenes, who no longer enjoyed their favour; cf. Will, ii. 245. </p>
24.1.4 - 24.1.4
<p rend="Plain Text"> <emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">τῶν . . . φυγάδων</w>:</emph> cf. xxiii. 18. 5; Livy, xl. 20. 2 (who omits to mention the envoys from <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Sparta&groupId=660&placeId=1208">Sparta</a> itself). </p>
24.1.6 - 24.1.6
<p rend="Plain Text"> <emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">τῆς Μεσσηνίων ἀποκαταστάσεως</w>:</emph> 'the restoration of order in Mes- <milestone unit="page" n="254">[254]</milestone> senia'; cf. xxiii. 17. 1. This was an incidental matter, since Bippus was sent primarily to report on <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Sparta&groupId=660&placeId=1208">Sparta</a> (xxiii. 18. 3). </p> <p rend="Plain Text">Macedonian affairs: from Livy, xl. 20. 3–4, it is clear that P. next described the hearing of Philip's envoys, Philocles and Apelles, who had been sent to inquire into Demetrius' alleged conversations with Flamininus and others about the succession; though Philip thought them impartial, they were in fact partisans of Perseus. Since Livy passes directly from this to res Macedoniae, describing Philip's activities in 181, it is possible that, as in Ol. 149, 2 (183/2; cf. xxiii. 10–11), Macedonian affairs were treated by P. before Greek, in which case ch. 4 should precede 2–3.</p>

Commentary