Polybius, Histories

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Book 23 - Chapter 16

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<w lemma="%2A%28%2Foti">Ὅτι</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="%2Aluko%2Frtas">Λυκόρτας</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29axaiw%3Dn">Ἀχαιῶν</w> <w lemma="strathgo%5Cs">στρατηγὸς</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="%2Amesshni%2Fous">Μεσσηνίους</w> <w lemma="kataplhca%2Fmenos">καταπληξάμενος</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="pole%2Fmw%7C">πολέμῳ</w> *
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? <w lemma="pa%2Flai">πάλαι</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="%2Amessh%2Fnioi">Μεσσήνιοι</w> <w lemma="katapeplhgme%2Fnoi">καταπεπληγμένοι</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="pro%5C">πρὸ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="xro%2Fnon">χρόνον</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="proestw%3Dtas">προεστῶτας</w>, <w lemma="to%2Fte">τότε</w> <w lemma="mo%2Flis">μόλις</w> <w lemma="e%29qa%2Frrhsa%2Fn">ἐθάρρησάν</w> <w lemma="tines">τινες</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3Dn">αὐτῶν</w> <w lemma="fwnh%5Cn">φωνὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29fie%2Fnai">ἀφιέναι</w>, <w lemma="pisteu%2Fsantes">πιστεύσαντες</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="polemi%2Fwn">πολεμίων</w> <w lemma="e%29fedrei%2Fa%7C">ἐφεδρείᾳ</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="le%2Fgein">λέγειν</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Fti">ὅτι</w> <w lemma="dei%3D">δεῖ</w> <w lemma="presbeu%2Fein">πρεσβεύειν</w> <w lemma="u%28pe%5Cr">ὑπὲρ</w> <w lemma="dialu%2Fsews">διαλύσεως</w>.
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<w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ou%29%3Dn">οὖν</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Adeinokra%2Fthn">Δεινοκράτην</w> <w lemma="ou%29ke%2Fti">οὐκέτι</w> <w lemma="duna%2Fmenoi">δυνάμενοι</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="plh%3Dqos">πλῆθος</w> <w lemma="a%29ntofqalmei%3Dn">ἀντοφθαλμεῖν</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="perie%2Fxesqai">περιέχεσθαι</w> ?<w lemma=""></w>* <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="pra%2Fgmasin">πράγμασιν</w> <w lemma="ei%29%2Fcantes">εἴξαντες</w> <w lemma="a%29nexw%2Frhsan">ἀνεχώρησαν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="i%29di%2Fas">ἰδίας</w> <w lemma="oi%29kh%2Fseis">οἰκήσεις</w>.
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<w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="polloi%5C">πολλοὶ</w> <w lemma="paraklhqe%2Fntes">παρακληθέντες</w> <w lemma="u%28po%2F">ὑπό</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="presbute%2Frwn">πρεσβυτέρων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="ma%2Flista">μάλιστα</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="%2Aboiwti%2Fas">Βοιωτίας</w> <w lemma="presbeutw%3Dn">πρεσβευτῶν</w>,
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<w lemma="oi%28%5C">οἳ</w> <w lemma="pro%2Fteron">πρότερον</w> <w lemma="h%29%2Fdh">ἤδη</w> <w lemma="paragegono%2Ftes">παραγεγονότες</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="dialu%2Fseis">διαλύσεις</w>, <w lemma="%2A%29epai%2Fnetos">Ἐπαίνετος</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2A%29apollo%2Fdwros">Ἀπολλόδωρος</w>, <w lemma="eu%29kai%2Frws">εὐκαίρως</w> <w lemma="to%2Fte">τότε</w> <w lemma="pare%2Ftuxon">παρέτυχον</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="%2Amessh%2Fnh%7C">Μεσσήνῃ</w>, <w lemma="taxe%2Fws">ταχέως</w> <w lemma="e%29pakolouqh%2Fsantes">ἐπακολουθήσαντες</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="dialu%2Fseis">διαλύσεις</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="%2Amessh%2Fnioi">Μεσσήνιοι</w> <w lemma="kate%2Fsthsan">κατέστησαν</w> <w lemma="presbeuta%5Cs">πρεσβευτὰς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftous">τούτους</w> <w lemma="e%29ce%2Fpemyan">ἐξέπεμψαν</w>, <w lemma="deo%2Fmenoi">δεόμενοι</w> <w lemma="tuxei%3Dn">τυχεῖν</w> <w lemma="suggnw%2Fmhs">συγγνώμης</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="h%28marthme%2Fnois">ἡμαρτημένοις</w>.
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<w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="strathgo%5Cs">στρατηγὸς</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29axaiw%3Dn">Ἀχαιῶν</w> <w lemma="paralabw%5Cn">παραλαβὼν</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="suna%2Frxontas">συνάρχοντας</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="diakou%2Fsas">διακούσας</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="paragegono%2Ftwn">παραγεγονότων</w> <w lemma="mi%2Fan">μίαν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Ffh">ἔφη</w> <w lemma="%2Amesshni%2Fois">Μεσσηνίοις</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fqnos">ἔθνος</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dnai">εἶναι</w> <w lemma="dia%2Flusin">διάλυσιν</w>,
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<w lemma="e%29a%5Cn">ἐὰν</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="ai%29ti%2Fous">αἰτίους</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="a%29posta%2Fsews">ἀποστάσεως</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="%2Afilopoi%2Fmenos">Φιλοποίμενος</w> <w lemma="a%29naire%2Fsews">ἀναιρέσεως</w> <w lemma="h%29%2Fdh">ἤδη</w> <w lemma="paradw%3Dsin">παραδῶσιν</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3D%7C">αὐτῷ</w>, <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fllwn">ἄλλων</w> <w lemma="a%28pa%2Fntwn">ἁπάντων</w> <w lemma="e%29pitroph%5Cn">ἐπιτροπὴν</w> <w lemma="dw%3Dsin">δῶσιν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29axaioi%3Ds">Ἀχαιοῖς</w>, <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fkran">ἄκραν</w> <w lemma="ei%29sde%2Fcwntai">εἰσδέξωνται</w> <w lemma="paraxrh%3Dma">παραχρῆμα</w> <w lemma="fulakh%2Fn">φυλακήν</w>.
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<w lemma="a%29naggelqe%2Fntwn">ἀναγγελθέντων</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="o%29%2Fxlous">ὄχλους</w>, <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="pa%2Flai">πάλαι</w> <w lemma="pikrw%3Ds">πικρῶς</w> <w lemma="diakei%2Fmenoi">διακείμενοι</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="ai%29ti%2Fous">αἰτίους</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="pole%2Fmou">πολέμου</w> <w lemma="pro%2Fqumoi">πρόθυμοι</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftous">τούτους</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dsan">ἦσαν</w> <w lemma="e%29kdido%2Fnai">ἐκδιδόναι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="sullamba%2Fnein">συλλαμβάνειν</w>, <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="pepeisme%2Fnoi">πεπεισμένοι</w> <w lemma="mhde%5Cn">μηδὲν</w> <w lemma="pei%2Fsesqai">πείσεσθαι</w> <w lemma="deino%5Cn">δεινὸν</w> <w lemma="u%28po%5C">ὑπὸ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29axaiw%3Dn">Ἀχαιῶν</w> <w lemma="e%28toi%2Fmws">ἑτοίμως</w> <w lemma="sugkate%2Fbainon">συγκατέβαινον</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="u%28pe%5Cr">ὑπὲρ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Flwn">ὅλων</w> <w lemma="e%29pitroph%2Fn">ἐπιτροπήν</w>.
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<w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="sune%2Fxon">συνέχον</w>, <w lemma="ou%29k">οὐκ</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fxontes">ἔχοντες</w> <w lemma="ai%28%2Fresin">αἵρεσιν</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="paro%2Fntwn">παρόντων</w> <w lemma="o%28moqumado%5Cn">ὁμοθυμαδὸν</w> <w lemma="e%29de%2Fcanto">ἐδέξαντο</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="proteino%2Fmena">προτεινόμενα</w>.
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<w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ou%29%3Dn">οὖν</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fkran">ἄκραν</w> <w lemma="eu%29qe%2Fws">εὐθέως</w> <w lemma="paralabw%5Cn">παραλαβὼν</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="strathgo%5Cs">στρατηγὸς</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="peltasta%5Cs">πελταστὰς</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="au%29th%5Cn">αὐτὴν</w> <w lemma="parh%2Fgagen">παρήγαγεν</w>,
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<w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="proslabw%5Cn">προσλαβὼν</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="e%29pithdei%2Fous">ἐπιτηδείους</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="stratope%2Fdou">στρατοπέδου</w> <w lemma="parh%3Dlqen">παρῆλθεν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="po%2Flin">πόλιν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="sunagagw%5Cn">συναγαγὼν</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="o%29%2Fxlous">ὄχλους</w> <w lemma="pareka%2Flese">παρεκάλεσε</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="pre%2Fponta">πρέποντα</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29nestw%3Dsi">ἐνεστῶσι</w> <w lemma="kairoi%3Ds">καιροῖς</w>, <w lemma="e%29paggello%2Fmenos">ἐπαγγελλόμενος</w> <w lemma="a%29metame%2Flhton">ἀμεταμέλητον</w> <w lemma="au%29toi%3Ds">αὐτοῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fsesqai">ἔσεσθαι</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="pi%2Fstin">πίστιν</w>.
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<w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ou%29%3Dn">οὖν</w> <w lemma="u%28pe%5Cr">ὑπὲρ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Flwn">ὅλων</w> <w lemma="dialh%2Fyews">διαλήψεως</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29nafora%5Cn">ἀναφορὰν</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fqnos">ἔθνος</w> <w lemma="e%29poih%2Fsato">ἐποιήσατο</w> — <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="w%28%2Fsper">ὥσπερ</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%2Fthdes">ἐπίτηδες</w> <w lemma="sune%2Fbaine">συνέβαινε</w> <w lemma="to%2Fte">τότε</w> <w lemma="pa%2Flin">πάλιν</w> <w lemma="suna%2Fgesqai">συνάγεσθαι</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29axaiou%5Cs">Ἀχαιοὺς</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="%2Amega%2Flhn">Μεγάλην</w> <w lemma="po%2Flin">πόλιν</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="deute%2Fran">δευτέραν</w> <w lemma="su%2Fnodon">σύνοδον</w> —
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<w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="ai%29ti%2Fais">αἰτίαις</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Fsoi">ὅσοι</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="mete%2Fsxon">μετέσχον</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="par%27">παρ᾽</w> <w lemma="au%29to%5Cn">αὐτὸν</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="kairo%5Cn">καιρὸν</w> <w lemma="e%29panele%2Fsqai">ἐπανελέσθαι</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Afilopoi%2Fmena">Φιλοποίμενα</w>, <w lemma="tou%2Ftois">τούτοις</w> <w lemma="e%29pe%2Ftace">ἐπέταξε</w> <w lemma="paraxrh%3Dma">παραχρῆμα</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fntas">πάντας</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%5Cs">αὐτοὺς</w> <w lemma="e%29ca%2Fgein">ἐξάγειν</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="zh%3Dn">ζῆν</w> ?<w lemma=""></w>* —
<head>Messene surrenders to the Achaeans</head>Lycortas, the strategus of the Achaeans, having cowed the Messenians by the war . . .
The Messenians had long been overawed by their leaders, but now certain of them just ventured to open their mouths, relying on the protection of the enemy, and to advise sending an embassy to ask for peace.
Deinocrates and the others in power, no longer daring to face the people, as they were encompassed by perils, yielded to circumstances and retired to their own dwellings.
The people now, entreated by the elders and chiefly by the Boeotian envoys Epaenetus and Apollodorus,
who had previously arrived to make peace, and by a happy chance were still in Messene, readily gave ear, and appointed and dispatched envoys craving pardon for the errors they had committed.
The strategus of the Achaeans summoned his colleagues, and after listening to the envoys replied that the Messenians could make peace with the League on no other terms
than by giving up to him now the authors of their defection and of the murder of Philopoemen, and by submitting all other matters to the discretion of the Achaeans and at once admitting a garrison into their citadel.
When these terms were announced to the people, those who had been throughout hostile to the authors of the war were ready to arrest and surrender the latter, while all who were convinced that they would not be harshly treated by the Achaeans gladly agreed to the unconditional submission;
and as, above all, they had no choice in the matter, they unanimously accepted the proposal.
The strategus upon this at once took over the citadel and introduced the peltasts into it,
and after this, accompanied by competent members of his force, he entered the city, and summoning the populace addressed them in terms suitable to the occasion, promising that they would never repent of having entrusted their future to him.
He referred the whole question to the League — it happened that at that very time the Achaeans, as if for this very purpose, were holding their second assembly at <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Megalopolis&groupId=745&placeId=1360">Megalopolis</a> — ordering those among the guilty Messenians who had actually at the time participated in the death of Philopoemen, to put an end to their own lives without delay.