Polybius, Histories

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Book 21 - Chapter 11

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<w lemma="%2A%28%2Foti">Ὅτι</w> <w lemma="%2A%29anti%2Foxos">Ἀντίοχος</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="basileu%5Cs">βασιλεὺς</w> <w lemma="parageno%2Fmenos">παραγενόμενος</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="%2Asa%2Frdeis">Σάρδεις</w> <w lemma="a%29po%5C">ἀπὸ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="prorrhqei%2Fshs">προρρηθείσης</w> <w lemma="stratei%2Fas">στρατείας</w> <w lemma="diepe%2Fmpeto">διεπέμπετο</w> <w lemma="sunexw%3Ds">συνεχῶς</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="%2Aprousi%2Fan">Προυσίαν</w>, <w lemma="parakalw%3Dn">παρακαλῶν</w> <w lemma="au%29to%5Cn">αὐτὸν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="sfete%2Fran">σφετέραν</w> <w lemma="summaxi%2Fan">συμμαχίαν</w>.
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<w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="%2Aprousi%2Fas">Προυσίας</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="a%29nw%2Fteron">ἀνώτερον</w> <w lemma="xro%2Fnous">χρόνους</w> <w lemma="ou%29k">οὐκ</w> <w lemma="a%29llo%2Ftrios">ἀλλότριος</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="koinwnei%3Dn">κοινωνεῖν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29anti%2Foxon:">Ἀντίοχον·</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fnu">πάνυ</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="e%29dedi%2Fei">ἐδεδίει</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fous">Ῥωμαίους</w>, <w lemma="mh%5C">μὴ</w> <w lemma="poiw%3Dntai">ποιῶνται</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29asi%2Fan">Ἀσίαν</w> <w lemma="dia%2Fbasin">διάβασιν</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="katalu%2Fsei">καταλύσει</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fntwn">πάντων</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="dunastw%3Dn">δυναστῶν</w>.
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<w lemma="paragenome%2Fnhs">παραγενομένης</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29pistolh%3Ds">ἐπιστολῆς</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3D%7C">αὐτῷ</w> <w lemma="para%2F">παρά</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="%2Aleuki%2Fou">Λευκίου</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Apopli%2Fou">Ποπλίου</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="a%29delfw%3Dn">ἀδελφῶν</w>, <w lemma="komisa%2Fmenos">κομισάμενος</w> <w lemma="tau%2Fthn">ταύτην</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="dianagnou%5Cs">διαναγνοὺς</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="poso%5Cn">ποσὸν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fsth">ἔστη</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="dianoi%2Fa%7C">διανοίᾳ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="proei%2Fdeto">προείδετο</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="me%2Fllon">μέλλον</w> <w lemma="e%29ndexome%2Fnws">ἐνδεχομένως</w>,
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<w lemma="a%28%2Fte">ἅτε</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Apo%2Fplion">Πόπλιον</w> <w lemma="e%29narge%2Fsi">ἐναργέσι</w> <w lemma="kexrhme%2Fnwn">κεχρημένων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="polloi%3Ds">πολλοῖς</w> <w lemma="marturi%2Fois">μαρτυρίοις</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="pi%2Fstin">πίστιν</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29ggra%2Fptwn">ἐγγράπτων</w>.
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<w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="mo%2Fnon">μόνον</w> <w lemma="u%28pe%5Cr">ὑπὲρ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="i%29di%2Fas">ἰδίας</w> <w lemma="proaire%2Fsews">προαιρέσεως</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fferon">ἔφερον</w> <w lemma="a%29pologismou%2Fs">ἀπολογισμούς</w>, <w lemma="a%29lla%5C">ἀλλὰ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="koinh%3Ds">κοινῆς</w> <w lemma="a%28pa%2Fntwn">ἁπάντων</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fwn">Ῥωμαίων</w>,
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<w lemma="di%27">δι᾽</w> <w lemma="w%28%3Dn">ὧν</w> <w lemma="paredei%2Fknuon">παρεδείκνυον</w> <w lemma="ou%29x">οὐχ</w> <w lemma="oi%28%3Don">οἷον</w> <w lemma="a%29fh%7Crhme%2Fnoi">ἀφῃρημένοι</w> <w lemma="tino%5Cs">τινὸς</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29c">ἐξ</w> <w lemma="a%29rxh%3Ds">ἀρχῆς</w> <w lemma="basile%2Fwn">βασιλέων</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="dunastei%2Fas">δυναστείας</w>, <w lemma="a%29lla%5C">ἀλλὰ</w> <w lemma="tina%5Cs">τινὰς</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="proskateskeuako%2Ftes">προσκατεσκευακότες</w> <w lemma="au%29toi%5C">αὐτοὶ</w> <w lemma="duna%2Fstas">δυνάστας</w>, <w lemma="e%29ni%2Fous">ἐνίους</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="hu%29chko%2Ftes">ηὐξηκότες</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pollaplasi%2Fous">πολλαπλασίους</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3Dn">αὐτῶν</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="a%29rxa%5Cs">ἀρχὰς</w> <w lemma="pepoihko%2Ftes">πεποιηκότες</w>.
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<w lemma="w%28%3Dn">ὧν</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29ibhri%2Fan">Ἰβηρίαν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29andoba%2Flhn">Ἀνδοβάλην</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Akoli%2Fxanta">Κολίχαντα</w> <w lemma="proefe%2Fronto">προεφέροντο</w>, <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2Alibu%2Fhn">Λιβύην</w> <w lemma="%2Amasanna%2Fsan">Μασαννάσαν</w>, <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29illuri%2Fda">Ἰλλυρίδα</w> <w lemma="to%2Fpois">τόποις</w> <w lemma="%2Apleura%3Dton:">Πλευρᾶτον·</w>
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<w lemma="ou%28%5Cs">οὓς</w> <w lemma="a%28%2Fpantas">ἅπαντας</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Ffasan">ἔφασαν</w> <w lemma="e%29c">ἐξ</w> <w lemma="e%29lafrw%3Dn">ἐλαφρῶν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="tuxo%2Fntwn">τυχόντων</w> <w lemma="dunastw%3Dn">δυναστῶν</w> <w lemma="pepoihke%2Fnai">πεποιηκέναι</w> <w lemma="basilei%3Ds">βασιλεῖς</w> <w lemma="o%28mologoume%2Fnws">ὁμολογουμένως</w>.
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<w lemma="o%28moi%2Fws">ὁμοίως</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28ella%2Fda">Ἑλλάδα</w> <w lemma="%2Afi%2Flippon">Φίλιππον</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Ana%2Fbin">Νάβιν</w>, <w lemma="w%28%3Dn">ὧν</w> <w lemma="%2Afi%2Flippon">Φίλιππον</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="katapolemh%2Fsantes">καταπολεμήσαντες</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="sugklei%2Fsantes">συγκλείσαντες</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Fmhra">ὅμηρα</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="fo%2Frous">φόρους</w>, <w lemma="braxei%3Dan">βραχεῖαν</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%3D">αὐτοῦ</w> <w lemma="nu%3Dn">νῦν</w> <w lemma="labo%2Fntes">λαβόντες</w> <w lemma="a%29po%2Fdeicin">ἀπόδειξιν</w> <w lemma="eu%29noi%2Fas">εὐνοίας</w> <w lemma="a%29pokaqestake%2Fnai">ἀποκαθεστακέναι</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3D%7C">αὐτῷ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="ui%28o%5Cn">υἱὸν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="a%28%2Fma">ἅμα</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftw%7C">τούτῳ</w> <w lemma="sunomhreu%2Fontas">συνομηρεύοντας</w> <w lemma="neani%2Fskous">νεανίσκους</w>, <w lemma="a%29poleluke%2Fnai">ἀπολελυκέναι</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="fo%2Frwn">φόρων</w>, <w lemma="polla%5Cs">πολλὰς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="po%2Flewn">πόλεων</w> <w lemma="a%29podedwke%2Fnai">ἀποδεδωκέναι</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="a%28lousw%3Dn">ἁλουσῶν</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="po%2Flemon:">πόλεμον·</w>
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<w lemma="%2Ana%2Fbin">Νάβιν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="dunhqe%2Fntes">δυνηθέντες</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Frdhn">ἄρδην</w> <w lemma="e%29panele%2Fsqai">ἐπανελέσθαι</w>, <w lemma="tou%3Dto">τοῦτο</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="poih%3Dsai">ποιῆσαι</w>, <w lemma="fei%2Fsasqai">φείσασθαι</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%3D">αὐτοῦ</w>, <w lemma="kai%2Fper">καίπερ</w> <w lemma="o%29%2Fntos">ὄντος</w> <w lemma="tura%2Fnnou">τυράννου</w>, <w lemma="labo%2Fntes">λαβόντες</w> <w lemma="pi%2Fsteis">πίστεις</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="ei%29qisme%2Fnas">εἰθισμένας</w>.
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<w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="a%28%5C">ἃ</w> <w lemma="ble%2Fponta">βλέποντα</w> <w lemma="pareka%2Floun">παρεκάλουν</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Aprousi%2Fan">Προυσίαν</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="e%29pistolh%3Ds">ἐπιστολῆς</w> <w lemma="mh%5C">μὴ</w> <w lemma="dedie%2Fnai">δεδιέναι</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="a%29rxh%3Ds">ἀρχῆς</w>, <w lemma="qarrou%3Dnta">θαρροῦντα</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="ai%28rei%3Dsqai">αἱρεῖσθαι</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fwn:">Ῥωμαίων·</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fsesqai">ἔσεσθαι</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="a%29metame%2Flhton">ἀμεταμέλητον</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3D%7C">αὐτῷ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="toiau%2Fthn">τοιαύτην</w> <w lemma="proai%2Fresin">προαίρεσιν</w>.
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<w lemma="w%28%3Dn">ὧν</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="%2Aprousi%2Fas">Προυσίας</w> <w lemma="diakou%2Fsas">διακούσας</w> <w lemma="e%29p%27">ἐπ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fllhs">ἄλλης</w> <w lemma="e%29ge%2Fneto">ἐγένετο</w> <w lemma="gnw%2Fmhs">γνώμης</w>. <w lemma="w%28s">ὡς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="paregenh%2Fqhsan">παρεγενήθησαν</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="au%29to%5Cn">αὐτὸν</w> <w lemma="pre%2Fsbeis">πρέσβεις</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Aga%2Fion">Γάιον</w> <w lemma="%2Ali%2Fbion">Λίβιον</w>, <w lemma="tele%2Fws">τελέως</w> <w lemma="a%29pe%2Fsth">ἀπέστη</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29anti%2Foxon">Ἀντίοχον</w> <w lemma="e%29lpi%2Fdwn">ἐλπίδων</w>, <w lemma="summi%2Fcas">συμμίξας</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="proeirhme%2Fnois">προειρημένοις</w> <w lemma="a%29ndra%2Fsin">ἀνδράσιν</w>.
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<w lemma="%2A%29anti%2Foxos">Ἀντίοχος</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tau%2Fths">ταύτης</w> <w lemma="a%29popesw%5Cn">ἀποπεσὼν</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="e%29lpi%2Fdos">ἐλπίδος</w> <w lemma="parh%3Dn">παρῆν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29%2Fefeson">Ἔφεσον</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="sullogizo%2Fmenos">συλλογιζόμενος</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Fti">ὅτι</w> <w lemma="mo%2Fnws">μόνως</w> <w lemma="a%29%5Cn">ἂν</w> <w lemma="ou%28%2Ftw">οὕτω</w> <w lemma="du%2Fnaito">δύναιτο</w> <w lemma="kwlu%3Dsai">κωλῦσαι</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="pezikw%3Dn">πεζικῶν</w> <w lemma="stratope%2Fdwn">στρατοπέδων</w> <w lemma="dia%2F">διά</w> <w lemma="basin">βασιν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="kaqo%2Flou">καθόλου</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="po%2Flemon">πόλεμον</w> <w lemma="a%29po%5C">ἀπὸ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29asi%2Fas">Ἀσίας</w> <w lemma="a%29potri%2Fbesqai">ἀποτρίβεσθαι</w> ?<w lemma=""></w>* <w lemma="bebai%2Fws">βεβαίως</w> <w lemma="kratoi%2Fh">κρατοίη</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="qala%2Ftths">θαλάττης</w>, <w lemma="proe%2Fqeto">προέθετο</w> <w lemma="naumaxei%3Dn">ναυμαχεῖν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="kri%2Fnein">κρίνειν</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="pra%2Fgmata">πράγματα</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="qa%2Flattan">θάλατταν</w> <w lemma="kindu%2Fnwn">κινδύνων</w>. —
<head>Antiochus approaches Prusias</head>King Antiochus, on returning to <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Sardis&groupId=948&placeId=1686">Sardis</a> from the expedition I have described, sent frequent messages to Prusias
inviting him to enter into alliance with him. Prusias previously had not been disinclined to join Antiochus, for he was very much afraid of the Romans crossing to Asia with the object of deposing all the princes there.
But on a letter reaching him from the brothers Publius and Lucius Scipio, after having received and read it, he hesitated considerably
and foresaw tolerably well what would happen, as the Scipios in their communication employed many clear arguments in confirmation of their assertions.
For they not only pleaded their own policy but the universal policy of <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Rome&groupId=935&placeId=1669">Rome</a>,
pointing out that not only had the Romans deprived no former prince of his kingdom, but had even themselves created some new kingdoms, and had augmented the power of other princes, making their dominion many times more extensive than formerly.
In <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Spain&groupId=983&placeId=1735">Spain</a> they cited the cases of Andobales and Colichas, in <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Africa&groupId=300&placeId=294">Africa</a> that of Massanissa, and that of Pleuratus in <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Illyria&groupId=647&placeId=1186">Illyria</a>;
all of whom they said they had made real and acknowledged kings out of petty and insignificant princelets.
In Greece itself they adduced the cases of Philip and Nabis. As for Philip, after they had crushed him in war and tied his hands by imposing hostages and tribute on him, no sooner had they received from him a slight proof of his goodwill than they had restored to him his son and the other young men who were held as hostages together with Demetrius; they had remitted the tribute and given him back many of the cities taken in the war.
And while they could have utterly annihilated Nabis, they had not done so, but spare him, although he was a tyrant, on receipt of the usual pledges.
They wrote begging Prusias, in view of this, not to be afraid about his kingdom, but confidently to take the side of the Romans, for he would never repent of his decision.
Prusias, then, after reading the letter, changed his mind, and when Gaius Livius also arrived on an embassy to him, after meeting that legate he entirely relinquished all hope in Antiochus.
Antiochus thus disappointed, proceeded to Ephesus, and calculating that the only way to prevent the enemy's army from crossing and generally avert the war from Asia was to obtain definite command of the sea, determined to give battle by sea and thus decide matters.