Polybius, Histories

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Book 2 - Chapter 32

1
<w lemma="sou%2Fshs">σούσης</w> <w lemma="au%29toi%3Ds">αὐτοῖς</w>, <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="te%2Flos">τέλος</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fprakton">ἄπρακτον</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dxon">εἶχον</w>. <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftous">τούτους</w> <w lemma="katastaqe%2Fntes">κατασταθέντες</w> <w lemma="%2Apo%2Fplios">Πόπλιος</w> <w lemma="%2Afou%2Frios">Φούριος</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Aga%2Fios">Γάιος</w> <w lemma="%2Aflami%2Fnios">Φλαμίνιος</w> <w lemma="au%29%3Dqis">αὖθις</w> <w lemma="e%29ne%2Fbalon">ἐνέβαλον</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2Akeltikh%5Cn">Κελτικὴν</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29ana%2Frwn">Ἀνάρων</w> <w lemma="xw%2Fras">χώρας</w>, <w lemma="oi%28%3Ds">οἷς</w> <w lemma="sumbai%2Fnei">συμβαίνει</w> <w lemma="mh%5C">μὴ</w> <w lemma="makra%5Cn">μακρὰν</w> <w lemma="a%29po%5C">ἀπὸ</w> <w lemma="%2Amassali%2Fas">Μασσαλίας</w>*
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<w lemma="e%29%2Fxein">ἔχειν</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="oi%29%2Fkhsin">οἴκησιν</w>. <w lemma="ou%28%5Cs">οὓς</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="fili%2Fan">φιλίαν</w> <w lemma="prosagago%2Fmenoi">προσαγαγόμενοι</w> <w lemma="die%2Fbhsan">διέβησαν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29inso%2Fmbrwn">Ἰνσόμβρων</w> <w lemma="gh%3Dn">γῆν</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="surroi%2Fas">συρροίας</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="t%27">τ᾽</w> <w lemma="%2A%29ado%2Fa">Ἀδόα</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Apa%2Fdou">Πάδου</w> <w lemma="potamou%3D">ποταμοῦ</w>.
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<w lemma="labo%2Fntes">λαβόντες</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="plhga%5Cs">πληγὰς</w> <w lemma="peri%2F">περί</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="dia%2Fbasin">διάβασιν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="stratopedei%2Fan">στρατοπεδείαν</w> <w lemma="parauti%2Fka">παραυτίκα</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fmeinan">ἔμειναν</w>, <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="speisa%2Fmenoi">σπεισάμενοι</w> <w lemma="kaq%27">καθ᾽</w> <w lemma="o%28mologi%2Fan">ὁμολογίαν</w> <w lemma="a%29ne%2Flusan">ἀνέλυσαν</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="to%2Fpwn">τόπων</w>.
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<w lemma="perielqo%2Fntes">περιελθόντες</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="plei%2Fous">πλείους</w> <w lemma="h%28me%2Fras">ἡμέρας</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="dielqo%2Fntes">διελθόντες</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Aklou%2Fsion">Κλούσιον</w> <w lemma="potamo%5Cn">ποταμὸν</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dlqon">ἦλθον</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Agonoma%2Fnwn">Γονομάνων</w> <w lemma="xw%2Fran">χώραν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="proslabo%2Fntes">προσλαβόντες</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftous">τούτους</w>, <w lemma="o%29%2Fntas">ὄντας</w> <w lemma="summa%2Fxous">συμμάχους</w>, <w lemma="e%29ne%2Fbalon">ἐνέβαλον</w> <w lemma="pa%2Flin">πάλιν</w> <w lemma="a%29po%5C">ἀπὸ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29%2Falpeis">Ἄλπεις</w> <w lemma="to%2Fpwn">τόπων</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29inso%2Fmbrwn">Ἰνσόμβρων</w> <w lemma="pedi%2Fa">πεδία</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%2Fn">τήν</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="gh%3Dn">γῆν</w> <w lemma="e%29dh%2F%7Coun">ἐδῄουν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="katoiki%2Fas">κατοικίας</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3Dn">αὐτῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29cepo%2Frqoun">ἐξεπόρθουν</w>.
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<w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29inso%2Fmbrwn">Ἰνσόμβρων</w> <w lemma="proestw%3Dtes">προεστῶτες</w> <w lemma="qewrou%3Dntes">θεωροῦντες</w> <w lemma="a%29meta%2Fqeton">ἀμετάθετον</w> <w lemma="ou%29%3Dsan">οὖσαν</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29pibolh%5Cn">ἐπιβολὴν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fwn">Ῥωμαίων</w>, <w lemma="e%29%2Fkrinan">ἔκριναν</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="tu%2Fxhs">τύχης</w> <w lemma="labei%3Dn">λαβεῖν</w> <w lemma="pei%3Dran">πεῖραν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="diakinduneu%3Dsai">διακινδυνεῦσαι</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%5Cs">αὐτοὺς</w> <w lemma="o%28losxerw%3Ds">ὁλοσχερῶς</w>.
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<w lemma="sunaqroi%2Fsantes">συναθροίσαντες</w> <w lemma="ou%29%3Dn">οὖν</w> <w lemma="a%28pa%2Fsas">ἁπάσας</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="u%28parxou%2Fsas">ὑπαρχούσας</w> <w lemma="duna%2Fmeis">δυνάμεις</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="tau%29to%5Cn">ταὐτὸν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="xrusa%3Ds">χρυσᾶς</w> <w lemma="shmei%2Fas">σημείας</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="a%29kinh%2Ftous">ἀκινήτους</w> <w lemma="legome%2Fnas">λεγομένας</w> <w lemma="kaqelo%2Fntes">καθελόντες</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29aqhna%3Ds">Ἀθηνᾶς</w> <w lemma="i%28erou%3D">ἱεροῦ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="ta%29%2Flla">τἄλλα</w> <w lemma="paraskeuasa%2Fmenoi">παρασκευασάμενοι</w> <w lemma="deo%2Fntws">δεόντως</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="teqarrhko%2Ftws">τεθαρρηκότως</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="kataplhktikw%3Ds">καταπληκτικῶς</w> <w lemma="a%29ntestratope%2Fdeusan">ἀντεστρατοπέδευσαν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="polemi%2Fois">πολεμίοις</w>, <w lemma="o%29%2Fntes">ὄντες</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="plh%3Dqos">πλῆθος</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="pe%2Fnte">πέντε</w> <w lemma="muria%2Fdas">μυριάδας</w>.
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<w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%3Doi">Ῥωμαῖοι</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="o%28rw%3Dntes">ὁρῶντες</w> <w lemma="sfa%3Ds">σφᾶς</w> <w lemma="e%29la%2Fttous">ἐλάττους</w> <w lemma="o%29%2Fntas">ὄντας</w> <w lemma="para%5C">παρὰ</w> <w lemma="polu%5C">πολὺ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29nanti%2Fwn">ἐναντίων</w>, <w lemma="e%29bou%2Flonto">ἐβούλοντο</w> <w lemma="sugxrh%3Dsqai">συγχρῆσθαι</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="summaxou%2Fntwn">συμμαχούντων</w> <w lemma="au%29toi%3Ds">αὐτοῖς</w> <w lemma="%2Akeltw%3Dn">Κελτῶν</w> <w lemma="duna%2Fmesi:">δυνάμεσι·</w>
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<w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="sullogisa%2Fmenoi">συλλογισάμενοι</w> <w lemma="th%2Fn">τήν</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="%2Agalatikh%5Cn">Γαλατικὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29qesi%2Fan">ἀθεσίαν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="dio%2Fti">διότι</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="o%28mofu%2Flous">ὁμοφύλους</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="proslambanome%2Fnwn">προσλαμβανομένων</w> <w lemma="me%2Fllousi">μέλλουσι</w> <w lemma="poiei%3Dsqai">ποιεῖσθαι</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="ki%2Fndunon">κίνδυνον</w>, <w lemma="eu%29labou%3Dnto">εὐλαβοῦντο</w> <w lemma="toiou%2Ftois">τοιούτοις</w> <w lemma="a%29ndra%2Fsin">ἀνδράσιν</w> <w lemma="toiou%2Ftou">τοιούτου</w> <w lemma="kairou%3D">καιροῦ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pra%2Fgmatos">πράγματος</w> <w lemma="koinwnei%3Dn">κοινωνεῖν</w>.
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<w lemma="te%2Flos">τέλος</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="ou%29%3Dn">οὖν</w> <w lemma="au%29toi%5C">αὐτοὶ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="u%28pe%2Fmeinan">ὑπέμειναν</w> <w lemma="e%29nto%5Cs">ἐντὸς</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="potamou%3D">ποταμοῦ</w>, <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Akeltw%3Dn">Κελτῶν</w> <w lemma="sfi%2Fsi">σφίσι</w> <w lemma="suno%2Fntas">συνόντας</w> <w lemma="diabiba%2Fsantes">διαβιβάσαντες</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="pe%2Fran">πέραν</w> <w lemma="a%29ne%2Fspasan">ἀνέσπασαν</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="r%28ei%2Fqrou">ῥείθρου</w> <w lemma="gefu%2Fras">γεφύρας</w>,
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<w lemma="a%28%2Fma">ἅμα</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="a%29sfalizo%2Fmenoi">ἀσφαλιζόμενοι</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="e%29kei%2Fnous">ἐκείνους</w>, <w lemma="a%28%2Fma">ἅμα</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="mi%2Fan">μίαν</w> <w lemma="e%28autoi%3Ds">ἑαυτοῖς</w> <w lemma="a%29polei%2Fpontes">ἀπολείποντες</w> <w lemma="e%29lpi%2Fda">ἐλπίδα</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="swthri%2Fas">σωτηρίας</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="nika%3Dn">νικᾶν</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="kato%2Fpin">κατόπιν</w> <w lemma="au%29toi%3Ds">αὐτοῖς</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fbaton">ἄβατον</w> <w lemma="o%29%2Fnta">ὄντα</w> <w lemma="parakei%3Dsqai">παρακεῖσθαι</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="proeirhme%2Fnon">προειρημένον</w> <w lemma="potamo%2Fn">ποταμόν</w>.
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<w lemma="pra%2Fcantes">πράξαντες</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="diakinduneu%2Fein">διακινδυνεύειν</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dsan">ἦσαν</w>.
Next year's Consuls, however, Publius Furius and Gaius Flaminius, again invaded the Celtic territory, through the country of the Anares who dwelt not far from Marseilles.
Having admitted this tribe to their friendship, they crossed into the territory of the Insubres, near the junction of the Po and Adda.
Both in crossing and in encamping on the other side, they suffered some loss, and at first remained on the spot, but later made a truce and evacuated the territory under its terms.
After a circuitous march of some days, they crossed the river Clusius and reached the country of the <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Cenomani&groupId=448&placeId=834">Cenomani</a>, who were their allies, and accompanied by them, again invaded from the district at the foot of the <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Alps&groupId=313&placeId=609">Alps</a> the plains of the Insubres and began to lay the country waste and pillage their dwellings.
The chieftains of the Insubres, seeing that the Romans adhered to their purpose of attacking them, decided to try their luck in a decisive battle.
Collecting all their forces in one place, they took down the golden standards called "immovable" from the temple of Minerva, and having made all other necessary preparations, boldly took up a menacing position opposite the enemy. They were about fifty thousand strong.
The Romans, on the one hand, as they saw that the enemy were much more numerous than themselves, were desirous of employing also the forces of their Celtic allies,
but on the other hand, taking into consideration Gaulish fickleness and the fact that they were going to fight against those of the same nation as these allies, they were wary of asking such men to participate in an action of such vital importance.
Finally, remaining themselves on their side of the river, they sent the Celts who were with them across it, and demolished the bridges that crossed the stream,
firstly as a precaution against their allies, and secondly to leave themselves no hope of safety except in victory, the river, which was impassable, lying in their rear.
After taking these measures they prepared for battle.