Polybius, Histories

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Book 10 - Chapter 20

1
<w lemma="%2Aau%29to%5Cs">Αὐτὸς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="xro%2Fnon">χρόνον</w> <w lemma="me%2Fn">μέν</w> <w lemma="tin%27">τιν᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdo%2Fni">Καρχηδόνι</w> <w lemma="ta%2Fs">τάς</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="nautika%5Cs">ναυτικὰς</w> <w lemma="duna%2Fmeis">δυνάμεις</w> <w lemma="e%29gu%2Fmnaze">ἐγύμναζε</w> <w lemma="sunexw%3Ds">συνεχῶς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="xilia%2Frxois">χιλιάρχοις</w> <w lemma="u%28pe%2Fdeice">ὑπέδειξε</w> <w lemma="toiou%3Dto%2Fn">τοιοῦτόν</w> <w lemma="tina">τινα</w> <w lemma="tro%2Fpon">τρόπον</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="pezikw%3Dn">πεζικῶν</w> <w lemma="stratope%2Fdwn">στρατοπέδων</w> <w lemma="gumnasi%2Fas">γυμνασίας</w>.
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<w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="prw%2Fthn">πρώτην</w> <w lemma="h%28me%2Fran">ἡμέραν</w> <w lemma="e%29ke%2Fleuse">ἐκέλευσε</w> <w lemma="troxa%2Fzein">τροχάζειν</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="tria%2Fkonta">τριάκοντα</w> <w lemma="stadi%2Fous">σταδίους</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Fplois">ὅπλοις</w>, <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="deute%2Fran">δευτέραν</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fntas">πάντας</w> <w lemma="e%29ktri%2Fbein">ἐκτρίβειν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="qerapeu%2Fein">θεραπεύειν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="kataskopei%3Dn">κατασκοπεῖν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="fanerw%3D%7C">φανερῷ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="panopli%2Fas">πανοπλίας</w>, <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%28ch%3Ds">ἑξῆς</w> <w lemma="a%29napau%2Fesqai">ἀναπαύεσθαι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="r%28a%7Cqumei%3Dn">ῥᾳθυμεῖν</w>,
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<w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="tau%2Fthn">ταύτην</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="maxairomaxei%3Dn">μαχαιρομαχεῖν</w> <w lemma="culi%2Fnais">ξυλίναις</w> <w lemma="e%29skutwme%2Fnais">ἐσκυτωμέναις</w> <w lemma="met%27">μετ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29pisfairw%3Dn">ἐπισφαιρῶν</w> <w lemma="maxai%2Frais">μαχαίραις</w>, <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29sfairwme%2Fnois">ἐσφαιρωμένοις</w> <w lemma="gro%2Fsfois">γρόσφοις</w> <w lemma="a%29konti%2Fzein">ἀκοντίζειν</w>, <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="pe%2Fmpth%7C">πέμπτῃ</w> <w lemma="pa%2Flin">πάλιν</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%5Cs">αὐτοὺς</w> <w lemma="dro%2Fmous">δρόμους</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29rxh%5Cn">ἀρχὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29pana%2Fgein">ἐπανάγειν</w>.
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<w lemma="i%28%2Fna">ἵνα</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="mh%2Fte">μήτε</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="mele%2Ftas">μελέτας</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Fplwn">ὅπλων</w> <w lemma="mh%2Fte">μήτε</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29lh%2Fqeian">ἀλήθειαν</w> <w lemma="mhde%5Cn">μηδὲν</w> <w lemma="e%29llei%2Fph%7C">ἐλλείπῃ</w>, <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="plei%2Fsthn">πλείστην</w> <w lemma="e%29poiei%3Dto">ἐποιεῖτο</w> <w lemma="spoudh%5Cn">σπουδὴν</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="xeirote%2Fxnas">χειροτέχνας</w>.
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<w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="me%2Fros">μέρος</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ou%29%3Dn">οὖν</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fndras">ἄνδρας</w> <w lemma="e%29pimelei%3Ds">ἐπιμελεῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29festa%2Fkei">ἐφεστάκει</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="tau%2Fthn">ταύτην</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="xrei%2Fan">χρείαν</w>, <w lemma="kaqa%2Fper">καθάπερ</w> <w lemma="e%29pa%2Fnw">ἐπάνω</w> <w lemma="proei%3Dpon:">προεῖπον·</w> <w lemma="au%29to%5Cs">αὐτὸς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kaq%27">καθ᾽</w> <w lemma="h%28me%2Fran">ἡμέραν</w> <w lemma="e%29peporeu%2Feto">ἐπεπορεύετο</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="di%27">δι᾽</w> <w lemma="au%28tou%3D">αὑτοῦ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="xorhgi%2Fas">χορηγίας</w> <w lemma="e%28ka%2Fstois">ἑκάστοις</w> <w lemma="pareskeu%2Faze">παρεσκεύαζε</w>.
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<w lemma="loipo%5Cn">λοιπὸν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="pezikw%3Dn">πεζικῶν</w> <w lemma="stratope%2Fdwn">στρατοπέδων</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="pro%5C">πρὸ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="po%2Flews">πόλεως</w> <w lemma="to%2Fpous">τόπους</w> <w lemma="xrwme%2Fnwn">χρωμένων</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="mele%2Ftais">μελέταις</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="gumnasi%2Fais">γυμνασίαις</w>, <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="nautikw%3Dn">ναυτικῶν</w> <w lemma="duna%2Fmewn">δυνάμεων</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="qa%2Flattan">θάλατταν</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="a%29napei%2Frais">ἀναπείραις</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="ei%29resi%2Fais">εἰρεσίαις</w>, <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="po%2Flin">πόλιν</w> <w lemma="a%29konw%2Fntwn">ἀκονώντων</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="xalkeuo%2Fntwn">χαλκευόντων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tektainome%2Fnwn">τεκταινομένων</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="sullh%2Fbdhn">συλλήβδην</w> <w lemma="a%28pa%2Fntwn">ἁπάντων</w> <w lemma="spoudazo%2Fntwn">σπουδαζόντων</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Fplwn">ὅπλων</w> <w lemma="kataskeua%2Fs">κατασκευάς</w>,
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<w lemma="ou%29k">οὐκ</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fsq%27">ἔσθ᾽</w> <w lemma="o%28%5Cs">ὃς</w> <w lemma="ou%29k">οὐκ</w> <w lemma="a%29%5Cn">ἂν</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dpe">εἶπε</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Acenofw%3Dnta">Ξενοφῶντα</w> <w lemma="to%2Fte">τότε</w> <w lemma="qeasa%2Fmenos">θεασάμενος</w> <w lemma="e%29kei%2Fnhn">ἐκείνην</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="po%2Flin">πόλιν</w> <w lemma="e%29rgasth%2Frion">ἐργαστήριον</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dnai">εἶναι</w> <w lemma="pole%2Fmou">πολέμου</w>.
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<w lemma="e%29pei%5C">ἐπεὶ</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3D%7C">αὐτῷ</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fnta">πάντα</w> <w lemma="kalw%3Ds">καλῶς</w> <w lemma="e%29do%2Fkei">ἐδόκει</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="deo%2Fntws">δεόντως</w> <w lemma="e%29chskh%3Dsqai">ἐξησκῆσθαι</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="xrei%2Fas">χρείας</w>, <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="fulakai%3Ds">φυλακαῖς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="teixw%3Dn">τειχῶν</w> <w lemma="kataskeuai%3Ds">κατασκευαῖς</w> <w lemma="a%29sfalisa%2Fmenos">ἀσφαλισάμενος</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="po%2Flin">πόλιν</w>, <w lemma="a%29ne%2Fzeuce">ἀνέζευξε</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="pezikh%3D%7C">πεζικῇ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="nautikh%3D%7C">ναυτικῇ</w> <w lemma="duna%2Fmei">δυνάμει</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="proh%3Dge">προῆγε</w> <w lemma="poiou%2Fmenos">ποιούμενος</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="porei%2Fan">πορείαν</w> <w lemma="w%28s">ὡς</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Atarra%2Fkwnos">Ταρράκωνος</w>, <w lemma="e%29%2Fxwn">ἔχων</w> <w lemma="meq%27">μεθ᾽</w> <w lemma="au%28tou%3D">αὑτοῦ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="o%28mh%2Frous">ὁμήρους</w>.
He himself remaining for some time in <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=New Carthage&groupId=791&placeId=1430">New Carthage</a> constantly exercised his navy and instructed the tribunes to train the land forces in the following manner.
He ordered the soldiers on the first day to go at the double for thirty stades in their armour. On the second day they were all to polish up, repair, and examine their arms in full view, and the third day to rest and remain idle.
On the following day they were to practise, some of them sword-fighting with wooden swords covered with leather and with a button on the point, while others practised casting with javelins also having a button at the point. On the fifth day they were to begin the same course of exercise again.
In order that there should be no lack of weapons for practice and for real warfare he paid particular attention to the artificers. As I before stated, he had appointed skilled supervisors of the different sections of this branch, and he used himself to visit the workshops daily and personally distribute the materials required.
So with the infantry exercising and drilling on the ground outside the town, with the fleet at sea practising manoeuvres and rowing, and with the men in the town sharpening weapons, forging brass or carpentering, in a word, with everyone busily engaged upon the preparation of weapons,
no one could have helped when he saw that town saying, in the words of Xenophon, that it was "a workshop of war."
As soon as he considered that all the requirements of the service had been properly met, he secured the town by placing guards and repairing the wall, and setting forth with his army and navy began to advance towards Tarraco, taking the hostages with him.