Polybius, Histories

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Book 10 - Chapter 15

1
<w lemma="%2Aoi%28">Οἱ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%3Doi">Ῥωμαῖοι</w> <w lemma="krath%2Fsantes">κρατήσαντες</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="tei%2Fxous">τείχους</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="prw%3Dton">πρῶτον</w> <w lemma="e%29peporeu%2Fonto">ἐπεπορεύοντο</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29fodei%2Fan">ἐφοδείαν</w> <w lemma="a%29posu%2Frontes">ἀποσύροντες</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="polemi%2Fous">πολεμίους</w>, <w lemma="mega%2Fla">μεγάλα</w> <w lemma="sumballome%2Fnhs">συμβαλλομένης</w> <w lemma="au%29toi%3Ds">αὐτοῖς</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="o%28pli%2Fsews">ὁπλίσεως</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="tou%3Dto">τοῦτο</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="ge%2Fnos">γένος</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="xrei%2Fas:">χρείας·</w>
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<w lemma="e%29pei%5C">ἐπεὶ</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29fi%2Fkonto">ἀφίκοντο</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="pu%2Flhn">πύλην</w>, <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="kataba%2Fntes">καταβάντες</w> <w lemma="die%2Fkopton">διέκοπτον</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="moxlou%2Fs">μοχλούς</w>, <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fcwqen">ἔξωθεν</w> <w lemma="ei%29se%2Fpipton">εἰσέπιπτον</w>, <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="klima%2Fkwn">κλιμάκων</w> <w lemma="biazo%2Fmenoi">βιαζόμενοι</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="i%29sqmo%2Fn">ἰσθμόν</w>, <w lemma="h%29%2Fdh">ἤδη</w> <w lemma="kratou%3Dntes">κρατοῦντες</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="a%29munome%2Fnwn">ἀμυνομένων</w>, <w lemma="e%29pe%2Fbainon">ἐπέβαινον</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="e%29pa%2Flceis">ἐπάλξεις</w>.
3
<w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="te%2Flos">τέλος</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="tei%2Fxh">τείχη</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftw%7C">τούτῳ</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="tro%2Fpw%7C">τρόπῳ</w> <w lemma="katei%2Flhpto">κατείληπτο</w>, <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="lo%2Ffon">λόφον</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="pu%2Flhs">πύλης</w> <w lemma="ei%29sporeuo%2Fmenoi">εἰσπορευόμενοι</w> <w lemma="katela%2Fmbanon">κατελάμβανον</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="a%29natola%2Fs">ἀνατολάς</w>, <w lemma="treya%2Fmenoi">τρεψάμενοι</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="fula%2Fttontas">φυλάττοντας</w>.
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<w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="%2Apo%2Fplios">Πόπλιος</w> <w lemma="e%29pei%5C">ἐπεὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="ei%29selhluqo%2Ftas">εἰσεληλυθότας</w> <w lemma="a%29cio%2Fxrews">ἀξιόχρεως</w> <w lemma="u%28pela%2Fmbanen">ὑπελάμβανεν</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dnai">εἶναι</w>, <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="plei%2Fstous">πλείστους</w> <w lemma="e%29fh%3Dke">ἐφῆκε</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="par%27">παρ᾽</w> <w lemma="au%29toi%3Ds">αὐτοῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fqos">ἔθος</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="po%2Flei">πόλει</w>, <w lemma="paraggei%2Flas">παραγγείλας</w> <w lemma="ktei%2Fnein">κτείνειν</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="paratuxo%2Fnta">παρατυχόντα</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="mhdeno%5Cs">μηδενὸς</w> <w lemma="fei%2Fdesqai">φείδεσθαι</w>, <w lemma="mhde%5C">μηδὲ</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="w%29felei%2Fas">ὠφελείας</w> <w lemma="o%28rma%3Dn">ὁρμᾶν</w>, <w lemma="me%2Fxris">μέχρις</w> <w lemma="a%29%5Cn">ἂν</w> <w lemma="a%29podoqh%3D%7C">ἀποδοθῇ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="su%2Fnqhma">σύνθημα</w>. <w lemma="poiei%3Dn">ποιεῖν</w> <w lemma="de%2F">δέ</w> <w lemma="moi">μοι</w> <w lemma="dokou%3Dsi">δοκοῦσι</w> <w lemma="tou%3Dto">τοῦτο</w> <w lemma="kataplh%2Fcews">καταπλήξεως</w> <w lemma="xa%2Frin:">χάριν·</w>
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<w lemma="dio%5C">διὸ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="polla%2Fkis">πολλάκις</w> <w lemma="i%29dei%3Dn">ἰδεῖν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fstin">ἔστιν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fwn">Ῥωμαίων</w> <w lemma="katalh%2Fyesi">καταλήψεσι</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="po%2Flewn">πόλεων</w> <w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="mo%2Fnon">μόνον</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="a%29nqrw%2Fpous">ἀνθρώπους</w> <w lemma="pefoneume%2Fnous">πεφονευμένους</w>, <w lemma="a%29lla%5C">ἀλλὰ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="ku%2Fnas">κύνας</w> <w lemma="dedixotomhme%2Fnous">δεδιχοτομημένους</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fllwn">ἄλλων</w> <w lemma="zw%2F%7Cwn">ζῴων</w> <w lemma="me%2Flh">μέλη</w> <w lemma="parakekomme%2Fna">παρακεκομμένα</w>.
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<w lemma="to%2Fte">τότε</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tele%2Fws">τελέως</w> <w lemma="polu%5C">πολὺ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="toiou%3Dton">τοιοῦτον</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="plh%3Dqos">πλῆθος</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="kateilhmme%2Fnwn">κατειλημμένων</w>.
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<w lemma="au%29to%5Cs">αὐτὸς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="xili%2Fous">χιλίους</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fxwn">ἔχων</w> <w lemma="w%28%2Frmhse">ὥρμησε</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fkran">ἄκραν</w>. <w lemma="e%29ggi%2Fsantos">ἐγγίσαντος</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%3D">αὐτοῦ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="prw%3Dton">πρῶτον</w> <w lemma="e%29peba%2Flleto">ἐπεβάλλετο</w> <w lemma="%2Ama%2Fgwn">Μάγων</w> <w lemma="a%29mu%2Fnesqai">ἀμύνεσθαι</w>, <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="sunnoh%2Fsas">συννοήσας</w> <w lemma="bebai%2Fws">βεβαίως</w> <w lemma="h%29%2Fdh">ἤδη</w> <w lemma="kateilhmme%2Fnhn">κατειλημμένην</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="po%2Flin">πόλιν</w> <w lemma="diepe%2Fmyato">διεπέμψατο</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="a%29sfalei%2Fas">ἀσφαλείας</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="au%28tou%3D">αὑτοῦ</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pare%2Fdwke">παρέδωκε</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fkran">ἄκραν</w>.
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<w lemma="ou%28%3D">οὗ</w> <w lemma="genome%2Fnou">γενομένου</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="sunqh%2Fmatos">συνθήματος</w> <w lemma="a%29podoqe%2Fntos">ἀποδοθέντος</w>, <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="foneu%2Fein">φονεύειν</w> <w lemma="a%29pe%2Fsthsan">ἀπέστησαν</w>, <w lemma="w%28%2Frmhsan">ὥρμησαν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="a%28rpaga%2Fs">ἁρπαγάς</w>.
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<w lemma="e%29pigenome%2Fnhs">ἐπιγενομένης</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="nukto%5Cs">νυκτὸς</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="parembolh%3Ds">παρεμβολῆς</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fmenon">ἔμενον</w>, <w lemma="oi%28%3Ds">οἷς</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w> <w lemma="ou%28%2Ftw">οὕτω</w> <w lemma="diatetagme%2Fnon:">διατεταγμένον·</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="xili%2Fwn">χιλίων</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="strathgo%5Cs">στρατηγὸς</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fkras">ἄκρας</w> <w lemma="hu%29li%2Fsqh">ηὐλίσθη</w>, <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="loipou%5Cs">λοιποὺς</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="xilia%2Frxwn">χιλιάρχων</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="oi%29kiw%3Dn">οἰκιῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29kkalesa%2Fmenos">ἐκκαλεσάμενος</w> <w lemma="e%29pe%2Ftace">ἐπέταξε</w> <w lemma="sunaqroi%2Fsantas">συναθροίσαντας</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29gora%5Cn">ἀγορὰν</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="dihrpasme%2Fna">διηρπασμένα</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="shmai%2Fas">σημαίας</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w> <w lemma="koita%2Fzesqai">κοιτάζεσθαι</w>.
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<w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="grosfoma%2Fxous">γροσφομάχους</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="parembolh%3Ds">παρεμβολῆς</w> <w lemma="kale%2Fsas">καλέσας</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="lo%2Ffon">λόφον</w> <w lemma="e%29pe%2Fsthse">ἐπέστησε</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="a%29po%5C">ἀπὸ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="a%29natolw%3Dn">ἀνατολῶν</w>.
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<w lemma=""></w> <w lemma="%2Akai%5C">Καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29ibhri%2Fan">Ἰβηρίαν</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdo%2Fnos">Καρχηδόνος</w>
The Romans, having once taken the wall, at first marched along it sweeping the enemy off it, the nature of their arms being very well adapted for such a service.
Upon reaching the gate some of them descended and began to cut through the bolts, upon which those outside began to force their way in, while the escaladers at the isthmus had now overpowered the defence and established themselves on the battlements.
Finally, when the walls had been taken in this manner, those who entered through the gate occupied the hill on the east after dislodging its defenders.
When Scipio thought that a sufficient number of troops had entered he sent most of them, as is the Roman custom, against the inhabitants of the city with orders to kill all they encountered, sparing none, and not to start pillaging until the signal was given.
They do this, I think, to inspire terror, so that when towns are taken by the Romans one may often see not only the corpses of human beings, but dogs cut in half, and the dismembered limbs of other animals,
and on this occasion such scenes were very many owing to the numbers of those in the place.
Scipio himself, with about a thousand men, proceeded to the citadel. On his approach Mago at first attempted to resist, but afterwards, when he saw that the city had undoubtedly been captured, he sent a message begging for his life and surrendered the citadel.
After this, upon the signal being given, the massacre ceased and they began pillaging.
At nightfall such of the Romans as had received orders to that effect, remained in the camp, while Scipio with his thousand men bivouacked in the citadel, and recalling the rest from the houses ordered them, through the tribunes, to collect the booty in the market, each maniple separately, and sleep there, keeping guard over it.
Summoning also the light-armed troops from the camp he stationed them on the easternmost hill.
Such was the manner in which the Romans gained possession of Spanish <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Carthage&groupId=441&placeId=820">Carthage</a>.