Polybius, Histories

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Book 10 - Chapter 12

1
<w lemma="%2Ath%3D%7C">Τῇ</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29pau%2Frion">ἐπαύριον</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="qala%2Ftths">θαλάττης</w> <w lemma="to%2Fpous">τόπους</w> <w lemma="peristh%2Fsas">περιστήσας</w> <w lemma="nau%3Ds">ναῦς</w> <w lemma="pantodapoi%3Ds">παντοδαποῖς</w> <w lemma="be%2Flesin">βέλεσιν</w> <w lemma="e%29chrtume%2Fnas">ἐξηρτυμένας</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="dou%5Cs">δοὺς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29pitroph%5Cn">ἐπιτροπὴν</w> <w lemma="%2Agai+%2Fw%7C">Γαΐῳ</w>, <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="gh%3Dn">γῆν</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="eu%29rwstota%2Ftous">εὐρωστοτάτους</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="a%29ndrw%3Dn">ἀνδρῶν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="disxili%2Fous">δισχιλίους</w> <w lemma="o%28mo%2Fse">ὁμόσε</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="klimakofo%2Frois">κλιμακοφόροις</w> <w lemma="e%29pisth%2Fsas">ἐπιστήσας</w>, <w lemma="e%29nh%2Frxeto">ἐνήρχετο</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="poliorki%2Fas">πολιορκίας</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="tri%2Fthn">τρίτην</w> <w lemma="w%28%2Fran">ὥραν</w>.
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<w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="%2Ama%2Fgwn">Μάγων</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="tetagme%2Fnos">τεταγμένος</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="po%2Flews">πόλεως</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="xili%2Fwn">χιλίων</w> <w lemma="su%2Fntagma">σύνταγμα</w> <w lemma="dielw%5Cn">διελὼν</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="h%28mi%2Fseis">ἡμίσεις</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fkras">ἄκρας</w> <w lemma="a%29pe%2Flipe">ἀπέλιπε</w>, <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fllous">ἄλλους</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="a%29natola%5Cs">ἀνατολὰς</w> <w lemma="lo%2Ffou">λόφου</w> <w lemma="parene%2Fbale:">παρενέβαλε·</w>
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<w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="loipw%3Dn">λοιπῶν</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="eu%29rwstota%2Ftous">εὐρωστοτάτους</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="disxili%2Fous">δισχιλίους</w> <w lemma="kateskeuakw%5Cs">κατεσκευακὼς</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="u%28pa%2Frxousi">ὑπάρχουσι</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="po%2Flin">πόλιν</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Fplois">ὅπλοις</w> <w lemma="e%29pe%2Fsthse">ἐπέστησε</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="pu%2Flhn">πύλην</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="fe%2Frousan">φέρουσαν</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="i%29sqmo%5Cn">ἰσθμὸν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="polemi%2Fwn">πολεμίων</w> <w lemma="stratopedei%2Fan:">στρατοπεδείαν·</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="loipoi%3Ds">λοιποῖς</w> <w lemma="parh%2Fggeile">παρήγγειλε</w> <w lemma="bohqei%3Dn">βοηθεῖν</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="du%2Fnamin">δύναμιν</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fnta">πάντα</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="me%2Frh">μέρη</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="tei%2Fxous">τείχους</w>.
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<w lemma="a%28%2Fma">ἅμα</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Apo%2Fplion">Πόπλιον</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="sa%2Flpigci">σάλπιγξι</w> <w lemma="diashmh%3Dnai">διασημῆναι</w> [<w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w>] <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="kairo%5Cn">καιρὸν</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="prosbolh%3Ds">προσβολῆς</w>, <w lemma="e%29cafi%2Fhsi">ἐξαφίησι</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="kaqwplisme%2Fnous">καθωπλισμένους</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="%2Ama%2Fgwn">Μάγων</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="pu%2Flhs">πύλης</w>, <w lemma="pepeisme%2Fnos">πεπεισμένος</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Fti">ὅτι</w> <w lemma="kataplh%2Fcetai">καταπλήξεται</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="u%28penanti%2Fous">ὑπεναντίους</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="para%2Fpan">παράπαν</w> <w lemma="a%29felei%3Dtai">ἀφελεῖται</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29pibolh%5Cn">ἐπιβολὴν</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3Dn">αὐτῶν</w>.
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<w lemma="prospeso%2Fntwn">προσπεσόντων</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w> <w lemma="e%29rrwme%2Fnws">ἐρρωμένως</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="stratope%2Fdou">στρατοπέδου</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="i%29sqmo%5Cn">ἰσθμὸν</w> <w lemma="paratetagme%2Fnois">παρατεταγμένοις</w> <w lemma="e%29gi%2Fneto">ἐγίνετο</w> <w lemma="ma%2Fxh">μάχη</w> <w lemma="lampra%5C">λαμπρὰ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="parakeleusmo%5Cs">παρακελευσμὸς</w> <w lemma="e%29c">ἐξ</w> <w lemma="a%29mfoi%3Dn">ἀμφοῖν</w> <w lemma="e%29nagw%2Fnios">ἐναγώνιος</w>, <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="stratope%2Fdou">στρατοπέδου</w>, <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="po%2Flews">πόλεως</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="i%29di%2Fois">ἰδίοις</w> <w lemma="e%28kate%2Frwn">ἑκατέρων</w> <w lemma="e%29pibow%2Fntwn">ἐπιβοώντων</w>.
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<w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="bohqou%2Fntwn">βοηθούντων</w> <w lemma="e%29pikouri%2Fas">ἐπικουρίας</w> <w lemma="ou%29x">οὐχ</w> <w lemma="o%28moi%2Fas">ὁμοίας</w> <w lemma="u%28parxou%2Fshs">ὑπαρχούσης</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdoni%2Fois">Καρχηδονίοις</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="mia%3Ds">μιᾶς</w> <w lemma="pu%2Flhs">πύλης</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="sxedo%5Cn">σχεδὸν</w> <w lemma="a%29po%5C">ἀπὸ</w> <w lemma="duei%3Dn">δυεῖν</w> <w lemma="stadi%2Foin">σταδίοιν</w> <w lemma="gi%2Fnesqai">γίνεσθαι</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="parousi%2Fan">παρουσίαν</w>, <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fois">Ῥωμαίοις</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="xeiro%5Cs">χειρὸς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="polu%5Cn">πολὺν</w> <w lemma="to%2Fpon">τόπον</w>, <w lemma="a%29%2Fnisos">ἄνισος</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w> <w lemma="h%28">ἡ</w> <w lemma="ma%2Fxh">μάχη</w> <w lemma="para%5C">παρὰ</w> <w lemma="tau%2Fthn">ταύτην</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="ai%29ti%2Fan">αἰτίαν</w>.
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<w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="%2Apo%2Fplios">Πόπλιος</w> <w lemma="e%28kw%5Cn">ἑκὼν</w> <w lemma="e%29pe%2Fsthse">ἐπέστησε</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="au%28tou%3D">αὑτοῦ</w> <w lemma="par%27">παρ᾽</w> <w lemma="au%29th%5Cn">αὐτὴν</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="stratopedei%2Fan">στρατοπεδείαν</w> <w lemma="xa%2Frin">χάριν</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="prokale%2Fsasqai">προκαλέσασθαι</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="polemi%2Fous">πολεμίους</w> <w lemma="porrwta%2Ftw">πορρωτάτω</w>, <w lemma="safw%3Ds">σαφῶς</w> <w lemma="ginw%2Fskwn">γινώσκων</w>, <w lemma="e%29a%5Cn">ἐὰν</w> <w lemma="diafqei%2Frh%7C">διαφθείρῃ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftous">τούτους</w>, <w lemma="o%29%2Fntas">ὄντας</w> <w lemma="oi%28%3Don">οἷον</w> <w lemma="ei%29">εἰ</w> <w lemma="sto%2Fma">στόμα</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="po%2Flin">πόλιν</w> <w lemma="plh%2Fqous">πλήθους</w>, <w lemma="o%28%2Fti">ὅτι</w> <w lemma="diatraph%2Fsetai">διατραπήσεται</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Fla">ὅλα</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="pu%2Flhn">πύλην</w> <w lemma="ou%29ke%2Fti">οὐκέτι</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fndon">ἔνδον</w> <w lemma="ou%29dei%5Cs">οὐδεὶς</w> <w lemma="e%29cie%2Fnai">ἐξιέναι</w> <w lemma="qarrh%2Fsei">θαρρήσει</w>.
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<w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="mh%5Cn">μὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29ll%27">ἀλλ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%28%2Fws">ἕως</w> <w lemma="me%2Fn">μέν</w> <w lemma="tinos">τινος</w> <w lemma="e%29fa%2Fmillon">ἐφάμιλλον</w> <w lemma="sune%2Fbaine">συνέβαινε</w> <w lemma="gi%2Fnesqai">γίνεσθαι</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="ma%2Fxhn">μάχην</w>, <w lemma="w%28s">ὡς</w> <w lemma="e%29c">ἐξ</w> <w lemma="a%29mfoi%3Dn">ἀμφοῖν</w> <w lemma="kat%27">κατ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29klogh%5Cn">ἐκλογὴν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="a%29ri%2Fstwn">ἀρίστων</w> <w lemma="a%29ndrw%3Dn">ἀνδρῶν</w> <w lemma="prokekrime%2Fnwn:">προκεκριμένων·</w> <w lemma="te%2Flos">τέλος</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29cwqou%2Fmenoi">ἐξωθούμενοι</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="ba%2Frei">βάρει</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="parembolh%3Ds">παρεμβολῆς</w> <w lemma="prosginome%2Fnous">προσγινομένους</w> <w lemma="e%29tra%2Fphsan">ἐτράπησαν</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="para%5C">παρὰ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdoni%2Fwn">Καρχηδονίων</w>,
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<w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="polloi%5C">πολλοὶ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3Dn">αὐτῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="ma%2Fxhs">μάχης</w> <w lemma="kairw%3D%7C">καιρῷ</w> <w lemma="diefqa%2Frhsan">διεφθάρησαν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29poxw%2Frhsin">ἀποχώρησιν</w>, <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="plei%2Fous">πλείους</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="parapi%2Fptein">παραπίπτειν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="pu%2Flhn">πύλην</w> <w lemma="u%28f%27">ὑφ᾽</w> <w lemma="au%28tw%3Dn">αὑτῶν</w> <w lemma="h%29loh%2Fqhsan">ἠλοήθησαν</w>.
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<w lemma="ou%28%3D">οὗ</w> <w lemma="sumbai%2Fnontos">συμβαίνοντος</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="po%2Flin">πόλιν</w> <w lemma="o%29%2Fxlos">ὄχλος</w> <w lemma="ou%28%2Ftws">οὕτως</w> <w lemma="e%29ptoh%2Fqh">ἐπτοήθη</w> <w lemma="pa%3Ds">πᾶς</w> <w lemma="w%28%2Fste">ὥστε</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="a%29po%5C">ἀπὸ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="teixw%3Dn">τειχῶν</w> <w lemma="feu%2Fgein">φεύγειν</w>.
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<w lemma="par%27">παρ᾽</w> <w lemma="o%29li%2Fgon">ὀλίγον</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ou%29%3Dn">οὖν</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dlqon">ἦλθον</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%3Doi">Ῥωμαῖοι</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="suneispesei%3Dn">συνεισπεσεῖν</w> <w lemma="to%2Fte">τότε</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="feugo%2Fntwn:">φευγόντων·</w> <w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="mh%5Cn">μὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29lla%5C">ἀλλὰ</w> <w lemma="ta%2Fs">τάς</w> <w lemma="ge">γε</w> <w lemma="kli%2Fmakas">κλίμακας</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="tei%2Fxei">τείχει</w> <w lemma="met%27">μετ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29sfalei%2Fas">ἀσφαλείας</w> <w lemma="prosh%2Freisan">προσήρεισαν</w>.
Next day, encircling the city from the sea by ships furnished with all kinds of missiles under the command of Laelius, and sending forward on the land side two thousand of his strongest men together with the ladder-bearers, he began the assault at about the third hour.
Mago, who was in command of the place, divided his regiment of a thousand men into two, leaving half of them on the citadel and stationing the others on the eastern hill.
After the rest, he armed two thousand of the strongest with such arms as were to be found in the town, and posted them near the gate leading to the isthmus and the enemy's camp: the others he ordered to do their best to defend the whole of the wall.
As soon as Scipio had given the signal for the assault by bugle, Mago sent the armed citizens out through the gate, feeling sure of striking terror into the enemy and entirely defeating their design.
They delivered a vigorous assault on the Romans who had issued from the camp and were now drawn up on the isthmus, and a sharp engagement ensued, accompanied by vehement shouts of encouragement from both sides, those in the camp and those in the town respectively cheering on their own men.
But as the assistance sent to either side was not equal, the Carthaginians arriving through a single gate and from a distance of nearly two stades and the Romans from close by and from several points, the battle for this reason was an unequal one.
For Scipio had purposely posted his men close to the camp itself in order to entice the enemy as far out as possible, well knowing that if he destroyed those who were so to speak the steel edge of the population of the town he would cause universal dejection, and none of those inside would venture out of the gate.
However, for some time the battle was hotly contested, as both sides had picked out their best men. But finally, as reinforcements continued to come up from the camp, the Carthaginians were forced back, by sheer weight, and took to flight,
many of them falling in the actual battle or in the retreat but the greater number being trodden down by each other in entering the gate.
When this took place the city people were thrown into such panic that even the defenders of the walls fled.
The Romans very nearly succeeded in entering together with the fugitives, and at any rate set up their scaling ladders in full security.