<head lang="la">III. Res Siciliae</head><w lemma="%2Aou%29k">Οὐκ</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fcw">ἔξω</w> <w lemma="kosmei%3Dtai">κοσμεῖται</w> <w lemma="po%2Flis">πόλις</w>, <w lemma="a%29ll%27">ἀλλ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="oi%29kou%2Fntwn">οἰκούντων</w> <w lemma="a%29reth%3Ds">ἀρετῆς</w>.
<w lemma=""></w> <w lemma="%2A%29ekri%2Fqh">Ἐκρίθη</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ou%29%3Dn">οὖν</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="tou%3Dto">τοῦτο</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fois">Ῥωμαίοις</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="proeirhme%2Fna">προειρημένα</w> <w lemma="metakomi%2Fzein">μετακομίζειν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%28autw%3Dn">ἑαυτῶν</w> <w lemma="patri%2Fda">πατρίδα</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="mhde%5Cn">μηδὲν</w> <w lemma="a%29polipei%3Dn:">ἀπολιπεῖν·</w>
<w lemma="po%2Ftera">πότερα</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="o%29rqw%3Ds">ὀρθῶς</w> <w lemma="tou%3Dto">τοῦτο</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="sumfero%2Fntws">συμφερόντως</w> <w lemma="au%28toi%3Ds">αὑτοῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fpracan">ἔπραξαν</w> <w lemma="h%29%5C">ἢ</w> <w lemma="ta%29nanti%2Fa">τἀναντία</w>, <w lemma="polu%5Cs">πολὺς</w> <w lemma="a%29%5Cn">ἂν</w> <w lemma="ei%29%2Fh">εἴη</w> <w lemma="lo%2Fgos">λόγος</w>, <w lemma="plei%2Fwn">πλείων</w> <w lemma="ge">γε</w> <w lemma="mh%5Cn">μὴν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="mh%5C">μὴ</w> <w lemma="deo%2Fntws">δεόντως</w> <w lemma="sfi%2Fsi">σφίσι</w> <w lemma="pepra%3Dxqai">πεπρᾶχθαι</w> <w lemma="mhd%27">μηδ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29kmh%5Cn">ἀκμὴν</w> <w lemma="nu%3Dn">νῦν</w> <w lemma="pra%2Fttesqai">πράττεσθαι</w> <w lemma="tou%3Dto">τοῦτο</w> <w lemma="tou%29%2Frgon">τοὔργον</w>.
<w lemma="ei%29">εἰ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="toiou%2Ftwn">τοιούτων</w> <w lemma="o%28rmhqe%2Fntes">ὁρμηθέντες</w> <w lemma="proebi%2Fbasan">προεβίβασαν</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="patri%2Fda">πατρίδα</w>, <w lemma="dh%3Dlon">δῆλον</w> <w lemma="w%28s">ὡς</w> <w lemma="ei%29ko%2Ftws">εἰκότως</w> <w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="mete%2Fferon">μετέφερον</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="oi%29kei%2Fan">οἰκείαν</w>, <w lemma="di%27">δι᾽</w> <w lemma="w%28%3Dn">ὧν</w> <w lemma="hu%29ch%2Fqhsan">ηὐξήθησαν</w>.
<w lemma="ei%29">εἰ</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%28plousta%2Ftois">ἁπλουστάτοις</w> <w lemma="xrw%2Fmenoi">χρώμενοι</w> <w lemma="bi%2Fois">βίοις</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="porrwta%2Ftw">πορρωτάτω</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftois">τούτοις</w> <w lemma="peritto%2Fthtos">περιττότητος</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="polutelei%2Fas">πολυτελείας</w> <w lemma="a%29festw%3Dtes">ἀφεστῶτες</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Fmws">ὅμως</w> <w lemma="e%29pekra%2Ftoun">ἐπεκράτουν</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w> <w lemma="ai%29ei%5C">αἰεὶ</w> <w lemma="par%27">παρ᾽</w> <w lemma="oi%28%3Ds">οἷς</w> <w lemma="u%28ph%3Drxe">ὑπῆρχε</w> <w lemma="plei%3Dsta">πλεῖστα</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="ka%2Fllista">κάλλιστα</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="toiau%3Dta">τοιαῦτα</w>, <w lemma="pw%3Ds">πῶς</w> <w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="nomiste%2Fon">νομιστέον</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dnai">εἶναι</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="gino%2Fmenon">γινόμενον</w> <w lemma="u%28p%27">ὑπ᾽</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3Dn">αὐτῶν</w> <w lemma="a%28ma%2Frthma">ἁμάρτημα</w>;
<w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="a%29polipo%2Fntas">ἀπολιπόντας</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="nikw%2Fntwn">νικώντων</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fqh">ἔθη</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="h%28ttwme%2Fnwn">ἡττωμένων</w> <w lemma="zh%3Dlon">ζῆλον</w> <w lemma="a%29nalamba%2Fnein">ἀναλαμβάνειν</w>, <w lemma="prosepidrattome%2Fnous">προσεπιδραττομένους</w> <w lemma="a%28%2Fma">ἅμα</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="e%29cakolouqou%3Dnta">ἐξακολουθοῦντα</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="toiou%2Ftois">τοιούτοις</w> <w lemma="fqo%2Fnon">φθόνον</w>, <w lemma="o%28%5C">ὃ</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fntwn">πάντων</w> <w lemma="e%29sti%5C">ἐστὶ</w> <w lemma="foberw%2Ftaton">φοβερώτατον</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="u%28peroxai%3Ds">ὑπεροχαῖς</w>, <w lemma="o%28mologou%2Fmenon">ὁμολογούμενον</w> <w lemma="a%29%5Cn">ἂν</w> <w lemma="ei%29%2Fpoi">εἴποι</w> <w lemma="tis">τις</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dnai">εἶναι</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="pratto%2Fntwn">πραττόντων</w> <w lemma="para%2Fptwma">παράπτωμα</w>.
<w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="ou%28%2Ftws">οὕτως</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="qew%2Fmenos">θεώμενος</w> <w lemma="ou%29de%2Fpote">οὐδέποτε</w> <w lemma="makari%2Fzei">μακαρίζει</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="ta%29llo%2Ftria">τἀλλότρια</w> <w lemma="kekthme%2Fnous">κεκτημένους</w>, <w lemma="w%28s">ὡς</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="fqonei%3Dn">φθονεῖν</w> <w lemma="a%28%2Fma">ἅμα</w> <w lemma="kai%2F">καί</w> <w lemma="tis">τις</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fleos">ἔλεος</w> <w lemma="au%29to%5Cn">αὐτὸν</w> <w lemma="u%28potre%2Fxei">ὑποτρέχει</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29c">ἐξ</w> <w lemma="a%29rxh%3Ds">ἀρχῆς</w> <w lemma="a%29pobalo%2Fntwn">ἀποβαλόντων</w>.
<w lemma="e%29pa%5Cn">ἐπὰν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="probai%2Fnh%7C">προβαίνῃ</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="eu%29kairi%2Fas">εὐκαιρίας</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fnta">πάντα</w> <w lemma="suna%2Fgh%7C">συνάγῃ</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="au%28to%5Cn">αὑτὸν</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fllwn">ἄλλων</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="sugkalh%3D%7C">συγκαλῇ</w> <w lemma="tro%2Fpon">τρόπον</w> <w lemma="tina%5C">τινὰ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="e%29sterhme%2Fnous">ἐστερημένους</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="qe%2Fan">θέαν</w>, <w lemma="dipla%2Fsion">διπλάσιον</w> <w lemma="gi%2Fnetai">γίνεται</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="kako%2Fn">κακόν</w>.
<w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fti">ἔτι</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="pe%2Flas">πέλας</w> <w lemma="e%29leei%3Dn">ἐλεεῖν</w> <w lemma="sumbai%2Fnei">συμβαίνει</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="qewme%2Fnous">θεωμένους</w>, <w lemma="a%29lla%5C">ἀλλὰ</w> <w lemma="sfa%3Ds">σφᾶς</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%2Fs">αὐτούς</w>, <w lemma="a%29namimnhskome%2Fnous">ἀναμιμνησκομένους</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="oi%29kei%2Fwn">οἰκείων</w> <w lemma="sumptwma%2Ftwn">συμπτωμάτων</w>.
<w lemma="e%29c">ἐξ</w> <w lemma="w%28%3Dn">ὧν</w> <w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="mo%2Fnon">μόνον</w> <w lemma="fqo%2Fnos">φθόνος</w>, <w lemma="a%29ll%27">ἀλλ᾽</w> <w lemma="oi%28%3Don">οἷον</w> <w lemma="o%29rgh%2F">ὀργή</w> <w lemma="tis">τις</w> <w lemma="e%29kkai%2Fetai">ἐκκαίεται</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="eu%29tuxou%3Dntas:">εὐτυχοῦντας·</w> <w lemma="h%28">ἡ</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="i%29di%2Fwn">ἰδίων</w> <w lemma="peripeteiw%3Dn">περιπετειῶν</w> <w lemma="a%29na%2Fmnhsis">ἀνάμνησις</w> <w lemma="w%28s">ὡς</w> <w lemma="a%29%5Cn">ἂν</w> <w lemma="ei%29">εἰ</w> <w lemma="protroph%2F">προτροπή</w> <w lemma="tis">τις</w> <w lemma="e%29sti">ἐστι</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="praca%2Fntwn">πραξάντων</w> <w lemma="mi%3Dsos">μῖσος</w>.
<w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ou%29%3Dn">οὖν</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="xruso%5Cn">χρυσὸν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Frguron">ἄργυρον</w> <w lemma="a%28qroi%2Fzein">ἁθροίζειν</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="au%28tou%5Cs">αὑτοὺς</w> <w lemma="i%29%2Fsws">ἴσως</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fxei">ἔχει</w> <w lemma="tina%5C">τινὰ</w> <w lemma="lo%2Fgon:">λόγον·</w> <w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="oi%28%3Do%2Fn">οἷόν</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="kaqo%2Flou">καθόλου</w> <w lemma="pragma%2Ftwn">πραγμάτων</w> <w lemma="a%29ntipoih%2Fsasqai">ἀντιποιήσασθαι</w> <w lemma="mh%5C">μὴ</w> <w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fllois">ἄλλοις</w> <w lemma="a%29dunami%2Fan">ἀδυναμίαν</w> <w lemma="e%29nergasame%2Fnous">ἐνεργασαμένους</w>, <w lemma="sfi%2Fsi">σφίσι</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="toiau%2Fthn">τοιαύτην</w> <w lemma="du%2Fnamin">δύναμιν</w> <w lemma="e%28toima%2Fsantas">ἑτοιμάσαντας</w>.
<w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29kto%5Cs">ἐκτὸς</w> <w lemma="u%28pa%2Frxonta">ὑπάρχοντα</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="proeirhme%2Fnhs">προειρημένης</w> <w lemma="duna%2Fmews">δυνάμεως</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29c">ἐξ</w> <w lemma="a%29rxh%3Ds">ἀρχῆς</w> <w lemma="to%2Fpois">τόποις</w> <w lemma="a%28%2Fma">ἅμα</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="fqo%2Fnw%7C">φθόνῳ</w> <w lemma="katalipo%2Fntas">καταλιπόντας</w> <w lemma="e%29ndocote%2Fran">ἐνδοξοτέραν</w> <w lemma="poiei%3Dn">ποιεῖν</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="sfete%2Fran">σφετέραν</w> <w lemma="patri%2Fda">πατρίδα</w>, <w lemma="mh%5C">μὴ</w> <w lemma="grafai%3Ds">γραφαῖς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tu%2Fpois">τύποις</w>, <w lemma="a%29lla%5C">ἀλλὰ</w> <w lemma="semno%2Fthti">σεμνότητι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="megaloyuxi%2Fa%7C">μεγαλοψυχίᾳ</w> <w lemma="kosmou%3Dntas">κοσμοῦντας</w> <w lemma="au%29th%2Fn">αὐτήν</w>.
<w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="mh%5Cn">μὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29lla%5C">ἀλλὰ</w> <w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ei%29rh%2Fsqw">εἰρήσθω</w> <w lemma="moi">μοι</w> <w lemma="xa%2Frin">χάριν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="metalambano%2Fntwn">μεταλαμβανόντων</w> <w lemma="a%29ei%5C">ἀεὶ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="dunastei%2Fas">δυναστείας</w>, <w lemma="i%28%2Fna">ἵνα</w> <w lemma="mh%5C">μὴ</w> <w lemma="skuleu%2Fontes">σκυλεύοντες</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="po%2Fleis">πόλεις</w> <w lemma="ko%2Fsmon">κόσμον</w> <w lemma="u%28polamba%2Fnwsin">ὑπολαμβάνωσιν</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dnai">εἶναι</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="e%28autw%3Dn">ἑαυτῶν</w> <w lemma="patri%2Fsi">πατρίσι</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="a%29llotri%2Fas">ἀλλοτρίας</w> <w lemma="sumfora%2Fs:">συμφοράς·</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%3Doi">Ῥωμαῖοι</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="metakomi%2Fsantes">μετακομίσαντες</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="proeirhme%2Fna">προειρημένα</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="i%29diwtikai%3Ds">ἰδιωτικαῖς</w> <w lemma="kataskeuai%3Ds">κατασκευαῖς</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="au%28tw%3Dn">αὑτῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29ko%2Fsmhsan">ἐκόσμησαν</w> <w lemma="bi%2Fous">βίους</w>, <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="dhmosi%2Fais">δημοσίαις</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="koina%5C">κοινὰ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="po%2Flews">πόλεως</w>.
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<head>The Spoils of <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Syracuse&groupId=994&placeId=1753">Syracuse</a>: Works of Art Taken To Rome</head>A city is not really adorned by what is brought from without, but by the virtue of its own inhabitants. . . .The Romans, then, decided to transfer these things to their own city and to leave nothing behind.<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note24"><a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Syracuse&groupId=994&placeId=1753">Syracuse</a> was taken in the autumn, B. C. 212. "The ornaments of the city, statues and pictures were taken to <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Rome&groupId=935&placeId=1669">Rome</a>."<bibl n="Liv. 25.40" default="NO" valid="yes">Livy, 25, 40</bibl>, cp.<bibl n="Liv. 26.21" default="NO" valid="yes">26, 21</bibl>.</note>Whether they were right in doing so, and consulted their true interests or the reverse, is a matter admitting of much discussion; but I think the balance of argument is in favour of believing it to have been wrong then, and wrong now. If such had been the works by which they had exalted their country, it is clear that there would have been some reason in transferring thither the things by which they had become great. But the fact was that, while leading lives of the greatest simplicity themselves, as far as possible removed from the luxury and extravagance which these things imply, they yet conquered the men who had always possessed them in the greatest abundance and of the finest quality. Could there have been a greater mistake than theirs? Surely it would be an incontestable error for a people to abandon the habits of the conquerors and adopt those of the conquered; and at the same time involve itself in that jealousy which is the most dangerous concomitant of excessive prosperity. For the looker-on never congratulates those who take what belongs<pb n="573" />to others, without a feeling of jealousy mingling with his pity for the losers. But suppose such prosperity to go on increasing, and a people to accumulate into its own hands all the possessions of the rest of the world, and moreover to invite in a way the plundered to share in the spectacle they present, in that case surely the mischief is doubled. For it is no longer a case of the spectators pitying their neighbours, but themselves, as they recall the ruin of their own country. Such a sight produces an outburst, not of jealousy merely, but of rage against the victors. For the reminder of their own disaster serves to enhance their hatred of the authors of it. To sweep the gold and silver, however, into their own coffers was perhaps reasonable; for it was impossible for them to aim at universal empire without crippling the means of the rest of the world, and securing the same kind of resources for themselves. But they might have left in their original sites things that had nothing to do with material wealth; and thus at the same time have avoided exciting jealousy, and raised the reputation of their country: adorning it, not with pictures and statues, but with dignity of character and greatness of soul. I have spoken thus much as a warning to those who take upon themselves to rule over others, that they may not imagine that, when they pillage cities, the misfortunes of others are an honour to their own country. The Romans, however, when they transferred these things to <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Rome&groupId=935&placeId=1669">Rome</a>, used such of them as belonged to individuals to increase the splendour of private establishments, and such as belonged to the state to adorn the city. . . .
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Walbank Commentary