<w lemma="%2Adio%2Fper">Διόπερ</w> <w lemma="a%29fe%2Fmenoi">ἀφέμενοι</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2Alakwnikh%5Cn">Λακωνικὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29pa%2Fnimen">ἐπάνιμεν</w> <w lemma="politei%2Fan">πολιτείαν</w>.
<w lemma="dokei%3D">δοκεῖ</w> <w lemma="dh%2F">δή</w> <w lemma="moi">μοι</w> <w lemma="%2Alukou%3Drgos">Λυκοῦργος</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="sfi%2Fsin">σφίσιν</w> <w lemma="o%28monoei%3Dn">ὁμονοεῖν</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="poli%2Ftas">πολίτας</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2Alakwnikh%5Cn">Λακωνικὴν</w> <w lemma="threi%3Dn">τηρεῖν</w> <w lemma="a%29sfalw%3Ds">ἀσφαλῶς</w>, <w lemma="e%29%2Fti">ἔτι</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29leuqeri%2Fan">ἐλευθερίαν</w> <w lemma="diafula%2Fttein">διαφυλάττειν</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="%2Aspa%2Frth%7C">Σπάρτῃ</w> <w lemma="bebai%2Fws">βεβαίως</w>, <w lemma="ou%28%2Ftws">οὕτως</w> <w lemma="nenomoqethke%2Fnai">νενομοθετηκέναι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pronenoh%3Dsqai">προνενοῆσθαι</w> <w lemma="kalw%3Ds">καλῶς</w> <w lemma="w%28%2Fste">ὥστε</w> <w lemma="qeiote%2Fran">θειοτέραν</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%2Fnoian">ἐπίνοιαν</w> <w lemma="h%29%5C">ἢ</w> <w lemma="kat%27">κατ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fnqrwpon">ἄνθρωπον</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%3D">αὐτοῦ</w> <w lemma="nomi%2Fzein">νομίζειν</w>.
<w lemma="h%28">ἡ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="kth%2Fseis">κτήσεις</w> <w lemma="i%29so%2Fths">ἰσότης</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="di%2Faitan">δίαιταν</w> <w lemma="a%29fe%2Fleia">ἀφέλεια</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="koino%2Fths">κοινότης</w> <w lemma="sw%2Ffronas">σώφρονας</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fmelle">ἔμελλε</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="kat%27">κατ᾽</w> <w lemma="i%29di%2Fan">ἰδίαν</w> <w lemma="bi%2Fous">βίους</w> <w lemma="paraskeua%2Fzein">παρασκευάζειν</w>, <w lemma="a%29stasi%2Faston">ἀστασίαστον</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="koinh%5Cn">κοινὴν</w> <w lemma="pare%2Fcesqai">παρέξεσθαι</w> <w lemma="politei%2Fan">πολιτείαν</w>, <w lemma="h%28">ἡ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="po%2Fnous">πόνους</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="deina%5C">δεινὰ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Frgwn">ἔργων</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fskhsis">ἄσκησις</w> <w lemma="a%29lki%2Fmous">ἀλκίμους</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="gennai%2Fous">γενναίους</w> <w lemma="a%29potele%2Fsein">ἀποτελέσειν</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fndras">ἄνδρας</w>.
<w lemma="e%28kate%2Frwn">ἑκατέρων</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w> <w lemma="o%28mou%3D">ὁμοῦ</w> <w lemma="sundramo%2Fntwn">συνδραμόντων</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="mi%2Fan">μίαν</w> <w lemma="yuxh%5Cn">ψυχὴν</w> <w lemma="h%29%5C">ἢ</w> <w lemma="po%2Flin">πόλιν</w>, <w lemma="a%29ndrei%2Fas">ἀνδρείας</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="swfrosu%2Fnhs">σωφροσύνης</w>, <w lemma="ou%29t%27">οὐτ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29c">ἐξ</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3Dn">αὐτῶν</w> <w lemma="fu%3Dnai">φῦναι</w> <w lemma="kaki%2Fan">κακίαν</w> <w lemma="eu%29mare%5Cs">εὐμαρὲς</w> <w lemma="ou%29%2Fq%27">οὔθ᾽</w> <w lemma="u%28po%5C">ὑπὸ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="pe%2Flas">πέλας</w> <w lemma="xeirwqh%3Dnai">χειρωθῆναι</w> <w lemma="r%28a%2F%7Cdion">ῥᾴδιον</w>.
<w lemma="dio%2Fper">διόπερ</w> <w lemma="ou%28%2Ftws">οὕτως</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w> <w lemma="susthsa%2Fmenos">συστησάμενος</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="politei%2Fan">πολιτείαν</w>, <w lemma="bebai%2Fan">βεβαίαν</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="sumpa%2Fsh%7C">συμπάσῃ</w> <w lemma="%2Alakwnikh%3D%7C">Λακωνικῇ</w> <w lemma="pareskeu%2Fase">παρεσκεύασε</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29sfa%2Fleian">ἀσφάλειαν</w>, <w lemma="poluxro%2Fnion">πολυχρόνιον</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="%2Aspartia%2Ftais">Σπαρτιάταις</w> <w lemma="au%29toi%3Ds">αὐτοῖς</w> <w lemma="a%29pe%2Flipe">ἀπέλιπε</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29leuqeri%2Fan">ἐλευθερίαν</w>.
<w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="me%2Fntoi">μέντοι</w> <w lemma="ge">γε</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="pe%2Flas">πέλας</w> <w lemma="kata%2Fkthsin">κατάκτησιν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="h%28gemoni%2Fan">ἡγεμονίαν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="kaqo%2Flou">καθόλου</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="pragma%2Ftwn">πραγμάτων</w> <w lemma="a%29mfisbh%2Fthsin">ἀμφισβήτησιν</w> <w lemma="ou%29%2Ft%27">οὔτ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="me%2Fros">μέρος</w> <w lemma="ou%29%2Ft%27">οὔτ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Flois">ὅλοις</w> <w lemma="dokei%3D">δοκεῖ</w> <w lemma="moi">μοι</w> <w lemma="pronohqh%3Dnai">προνοηθῆναι</w> <w lemma="kaqa%2Fpac">καθάπαξ</w> <w lemma="ou%29de%2Fn">οὐδέν</w>.
<w lemma="loipo%5Cn">λοιπὸν</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w> <w lemma="toiau%2Fthn">τοιαύτην</w> <w lemma="tina%5C">τινὰ</w> <w lemma="pareisagagei%3Dn">παρεισαγαγεῖν</w> [<w lemma="dei%3D">δεῖ</w>] <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="poli%2Ftais">πολίταις</w> <w lemma="a%29na%2Fgkhn">ἀνάγκην</w> <w lemma="h%29%5C">ἢ</w> <w lemma="pro%2Fqesin">πρόθεσιν</w>, <w lemma="di%27">δι᾽</w> <w lemma="h%28%3Ds">ἧς</w> <w lemma="w%28%2Fsper">ὥσπερ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="kat%27">κατ᾽</w> <w lemma="i%29di%2Fan">ἰδίαν</w> <w lemma="bi%2Fous">βίους</w> <w lemma="au%29ta%2Frkeis">αὐτάρκεις</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%5Cs">αὐτοὺς</w> <w lemma="pareskeu%2Fase">παρεσκεύασε</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="litou%2Fs">λιτούς</w>, <w lemma="ou%28%2Ftws">οὕτως</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="koino%5Cn">κοινὸν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fqos">ἔθος</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="po%2Flews">πόλεως</w> <w lemma="au%29%2Ftarkes">αὔταρκες</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fmelle">ἔμελλε</w> <w lemma="gi%2Fnesqai">γίνεσθαι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="sw%3Dfron">σῶφρον</w>.
<w lemma="nu%3Dn">νῦν</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29filotimota%2Ftous">ἀφιλοτιμοτάτους</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="nounexesta%2Ftous">νουνεχεστάτους</w> <w lemma="poih%2Fsas">ποιήσας</w> <w lemma="peri%2F">περί</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="i%29di%2Fous">ἰδίους</w> <w lemma="bi%2Fou">βίου</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="sfete%2Fras">σφετέρας</w> <w lemma="po%2Flews">πόλεως</w> <w lemma="no%2Fmima">νόμιμα</w>, <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fllous">ἄλλους</w> <w lemma="%2A%28%2Fellhnas">Ἕλληνας</w> <w lemma="filotimota%2Ftous">φιλοτιμοτάτους</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="filarxota%2Ftous">φιλαρχοτάτους</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pleonektikwta%2Ftous">πλεονεκτικωτάτους</w> <w lemma="a%29pe%2Flipe">ἀπέλιπε</w>.
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<head>Institutions of Lycurgus</head>I shall therefore omit these, and proceed with my<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note70">The aims of Lycurgus.</note>description of the Laconian constitution. Now it seems to me that for securing unity among the citizens, for safe-guarding the Laconian<pb n="499" />territory, and preserving the liberty of <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Sparta&groupId=660&placeId=1208">Sparta</a> inviolate, the legislation and provisions of Lycurgus were so excellent, that I am forced to regard his wisdom as something superhuman. For the equality of landed possessions, the simplicity in their food, and the practice of taking it in common, which he established, were well calculated to secure morality in private life and to prevent civil broils in the State; as also their training in the endurance of labours and dangers to make men brave and noble minded: but when both these virtues, courage and high morality, are combined in one soul or in one state, vice will not readily spring from such a soil, nor will such men easily be overcome by their enemies. By constructing his constitution therefore in this spirit, and of these elements, he secured two blessings to the Spartans,—safety for their territory, and a lasting freedom for themselves long after he was gone. He appears however to have made no one provision whatever, particular or general, for the acquisition of the territory of their neighbours; or for the assertion of their supremacy; or, in a word, for any policy of aggrandisement at all. What he had still to do was to impose such a necessity, or create such a spirit among the citizens, that, as he had succeeded in making their individual lives independent and simple, the public character of the state should also become independent and moral. But the actual fact is, that, though he made them the most disinterested and sober-minded men in the world, as far as their own ways of life and their national institutions were concerned, he left them in regard to the rest of Greece ambitious, eager for supremacy, and encroaching in the highest degree.<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note71">Their partial failure.</note>
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Walbank Commentary