Polybius, Histories

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Book 6 - Chapter 26

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<w lemma="%2Atoiau%2Fthn">Τοιαύτην</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="poihsa%2Fmenoi">ποιησάμενοι</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="diai%2Fresin">διαίρεσιν</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="xili%2Farxoi">χιλίαρχοι</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="paraggei%2Flantes">παραγγείλαντες</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Fplwn">ὅπλων</w>, <w lemma="to%2Fte">τότε</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="a%29pe%2Flusan">ἀπέλυσαν</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fndras">ἄνδρας</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="oi%29kei%2Fan:">οἰκείαν·</w> <w lemma="paragenome%2Fnhs">παραγενομένης</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="h%28me%2Fras">ἡμέρας</w>,
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<w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="h%28%5Cn">ἣν</w> <w lemma="w%29%2Fmosan">ὤμοσαν</w> <w lemma="a%28qroisqh%3Dnai">ἁθροισθῆναι</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fntes">πάντες</w> <w lemma="o%28moi%2Fws">ὁμοίως</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="a%29podeixqe%2Fnta">ἀποδειχθέντα</w> <w lemma="to%2Fpon">τόπον</w> <w lemma="u%28po%5C">ὑπὸ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="u%28pa%2Ftwn">ὑπάτων</w> —
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<w lemma="ta%2Fttei">τάττει</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="w%28s">ὡς</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%2Fpan">ἐπίπαν</w> <w lemma="e%28ka%2Fteros">ἑκάτερος</w> <w lemma="xwri%5Cs">χωρὶς</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="to%2Fpon">τόπον</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="au%28tou%3D">αὑτοῦ</w> <w lemma="stratope%2Fdois:">στρατοπέδοις·</w> <w lemma="e%28kate%2Frw%7C">ἑκατέρῳ</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="di%2Fdotai">δίδοται</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="me%2Fros">μέρος</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="summa%2Fxwn">συμμάχων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="du%2Fo">δύο</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai+kw%3Dn">Ῥωμαϊκῶν</w> <w lemma="stratope%2Fdwn">στρατοπέδων</w> —
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<w lemma="paragi%2Fnontai">παραγίνονται</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fntes">πάντες</w> <w lemma="a%29diaptw%2Ftws">ἀδιαπτώτως</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="katagrafe%2Fntes">καταγραφέντες</w>, <w lemma="w%28s">ὡς</w> <w lemma="a%29%5Cn">ἂν</w> <w lemma="mhdemia%3Ds">μηδεμιᾶς</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fllhs">ἄλλης</w> <w lemma="sugxwroume%2Fnhs">συγχωρουμένης</w> <w lemma="profa%2Fsews">προφάσεως</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29corkisqei%3Dsi">ἐξορκισθεῖσι</w> <w lemma="plh%5Cn">πλὴν</w> <w lemma="o%29rniqei%2Fas">ὀρνιθείας</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="a%29duna%2Ftwn">ἀδυνάτων</w>.
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<w lemma="a%28qroisqe%2Fntwn">ἁθροισθέντων</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="summa%2Fxwn">συμμάχων</w> <w lemma="o%28mou%3D">ὁμοῦ</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fois">Ῥωμαίοις</w>, <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="oi%29konomi%2Fan">οἰκονομίαν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="xeirismo%5Cn">χειρισμὸν</w> <w lemma="poiou%3Dntai">ποιοῦνται</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3Dn">αὐτῶν</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="kaqestame%2Fnoi">καθεσταμένοι</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="u%28po%5C">ὑπὸ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="u%28pa%2Ftwn">ὑπάτων</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Frxontes">ἄρχοντες</w>, <w lemma="prosagoreuo%2Fmenoi">προσαγορευόμενοι</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="prai%2Ffektoi">πραίφεκτοι</w>, <w lemma="dw%2Fdeka">δώδεκα</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="a%29riqmo%5Cn">ἀριθμὸν</w> <w lemma="o%29%2Fntes">ὄντες</w>.
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<w lemma="oi%28%5C">οἳ</w> <w lemma="prw%3Dton">πρῶτον</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="u%28pa%2Ftois">ὑπάτοις</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="e%29pithdeiota%2Ftous">ἐπιτηδειοτάτους</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29lhqinh%5Cn">ἀληθινὴν</w> <w lemma="xrei%2Fan">χρείαν</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fntwn">πάντων</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="paragegono%2Ftwn">παραγεγονότων</w> <w lemma="summa%2Fxwn">συμμάχων</w> <w lemma="i%28ppei%3Ds">ἱππεῖς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pezou%5Cs">πεζοὺς</w> <w lemma="e%29kle%2Fgousi">ἐκλέγουσι</w>, <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="kaloume%2Fnous">καλουμένους</w> <w lemma="e%29ktraordinari%2Fous">ἐκτραορδιναρίους</w>, <w lemma="o%28%5C">ὃ</w> <w lemma="meqermhneuo%2Fmenon">μεθερμηνευόμενον</w> <w lemma="e%29pile%2Fktous">ἐπιλέκτους</w> <w lemma="dhloi%3D">δηλοῖ</w>.
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<w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="plh%3Dqos">πλῆθος</w> <w lemma="gi%2Fnetai">γίνεται</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="pa%3Dn">πᾶν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="summa%2Fxwn">συμμάχων</w>, <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="pezw%3Dn">πεζῶν</w> <w lemma="pa%2Frison">πάρισον</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai+koi%3Ds">Ῥωμαϊκοῖς</w> <w lemma="stratope%2Fdois">στρατοπέδοις</w> <w lemma="w%28s">ὡς</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="polu%2F">πολύ</w>, <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="i%28ppe%2Fwn">ἱππέων</w> <w lemma="tripla%2Fsion:">τριπλάσιον·</w>
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<w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w> <w lemma="lamba%2Fnousi">λαμβάνουσι</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="i%28ppe%2Fwn">ἱππέων</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="e%29pile%2Fktous">ἐπιλέκτους</w> <w lemma="e%29pieikw%3Ds">ἐπιεικῶς</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="tri%2Fton">τρίτον</w> <w lemma="me%2Fros">μέρος</w>, <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="pezw%3Dn">πεζῶν</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="pe%2Fmpton">πέμπτον</w>. <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="loipou%5Cs">λοιποὺς</w> <w lemma="diei%3Dlon">διεῖλον</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="du%2Fo">δύο</w> <w lemma="me%2Frh">μέρη</w>,
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<w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="kalou%3Dsi">καλοῦσι</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="decio%2Fn">δεξιόν</w>, <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="eu%29w%2Fnumon">εὐώνυμον</w> <w lemma="ke%2Fras">κέρας</w>.
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<w lemma=""></w> <w lemma="%2Atou%2Ftwn">Τούτων</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="eu%29trepw%3Dn">εὐτρεπῶν</w> <w lemma="genome%2Fnwn">γενομένων</w> <w lemma="paralabo%2Fntes">παραλαβόντες</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="xili%2Farxoi">χιλίαρχοι</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fous">Ῥωμαίους</w> <w lemma="o%28mou%3D">ὁμοῦ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="summa%2Fxous">συμμάχους</w> <w lemma="katestratope%2Fdeusan">κατεστρατοπέδευσαν</w>, <w lemma="e%28no%5Cs">ἑνὸς</w> <w lemma="u%28pa%2Frxontos">ὑπάρχοντος</w> <w lemma="par%27">παρ᾽</w> <w lemma="au%29toi%3Ds">αὐτοῖς</w> <w lemma="qewrh%2Fmatos">θεωρήματος</w> <w lemma="a%28plou%3D">ἁπλοῦ</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="parembola%2Fs">παρεμβολάς</w>, <w lemma="w%28%3D%7C">ᾧ</w> <w lemma="xrw%3Dntai">χρῶνται</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fnta">πάντα</w> <w lemma="kairo%5Cn">καιρὸν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="to%2Fpon">τόπον</w>.
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<w lemma="dio%5C">διὸ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="dokei%3D">δοκεῖ</w> <w lemma="moi">μοι</w> <w lemma="pre%2Fpein">πρέπειν</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="kairw%3D%7C">καιρῷ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="peiraqh%3Dnai">πειραθῆναι</w>, <w lemma="kaq%27">καθ᾽</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Fson">ὅσον</w> <w lemma="oi%28%3Do%2Fn">οἷόν</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="lo%2Fgw%7C">λόγῳ</w>, <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="a%29kou%2Fontas">ἀκούοντας</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fnnoian">ἔννοιαν</w> <w lemma="a%29gagei%3Dn">ἀγαγεῖν</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="porei%2Fas">πορείας</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="stratopedei%2Fas">στρατοπεδείας</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="parata%2Fceis">παρατάξεις</w> <w lemma="xeirismou%3D">χειρισμοῦ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="duna%2Fmewn">δυνάμεων</w>.
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<w lemma="ti%2Fs">τίς</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="ou%28%2Ftws">οὕτως</w> <w lemma="e%29sti%5Cn">ἐστὶν</w> <w lemma="a%29peoikw%5Cs">ἀπεοικὼς</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="kala%5C">καλὰ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="spoudai%3Da">σπουδαῖα</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Frgwn">ἔργων</w>, <w lemma="o%28%5Cs">ὃς</w> <w lemma="ou%29k">οὐκ</w> <w lemma="a%29%5Cn">ἂν</w> <w lemma="boulhqei%2Fh">βουληθείη</w> <w lemma="mikro%5Cn">μικρὸν</w> <w lemma="e%29pimele%2Fsteron">ἐπιμελέστερον</w> <w lemma="e%29pisth%3Dsai">ἐπιστῆσαι</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="toiou%2Ftwn">τοιούτων</w>, <w lemma="u%28pe%5Cr">ὑπὲρ</w> <w lemma="w%28%3Dn">ὧν</w> <w lemma="a%28%2Fpac">ἅπαξ</w> <w lemma="a%29kou%2Fsas">ἀκούσας</w> <w lemma="e%29pisth%2Fmwn">ἐπιστήμων</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fstai">ἔσται</w> <w lemma="pra%2Fgmatos">πράγματος</w> <w lemma="e%28no%5Cs">ἑνὸς</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="a%29ci%2Fwn">ἀξίων</w> <w lemma="lo%2Fgou">λόγου</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="gnw%2Fsews">γνώσεως</w>;
<head>The Roman Camp</head>Having made this distribution of their men and<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note33">Assembly of the legions.</note>given orders for their being armed, as I have described, the military tribunes dismiss them to their homes. But when the day has arrived on which they were all bound by their oath to appear at the place named by the Consuls (for each Consul generally appoints a separate place for his own legions, each having assigned to him two legions and a moiety of the allies), all whose names were placed on the roll appear without fail: no excuse being accepted in the case of those who have taken the oath, except a prohibitory omen or absolute impossibility.<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note34">The Socii.</note>The allies muster along with the citizens, and are distributed and managed by the officers appointed by the Consuls, who have the title of<foreign lang="la">Praefecti sociis</foreign>and are twelve in number. These officers select for the Consuls from the whole infantry and cavalry of the allies such as are most fitted for actual service, and these are called<foreign lang="la">extraordinarii</foreign>(which in Greek is<foreign lang="greek">ἐπίλεκτοι</foreign>). The whole number of the infantry of the socii generally equals that of the legions, but the cavalry is treble that of the citizens. Of these they select a third of the cavalry, and a fifth of the infantry to serve as<foreign lang="la">extraordinarii.</foreign>The rest they divide into two parts, one of which is called the right, the other the left wing (<foreign lang="la">alae</foreign>).These arrangements made, the military tribunes take over the citizens and allies and proceed to form a camp. Now the principle on which they construct their camps, no matter when or where, is the same; I think therefore that it will be in place<pb n="481" />here to try and make my readers understand, as far as words can do so, the Roman tactics in regard to the march (<foreign lang="la">agmen</foreign>), the camp (<foreign lang="la">castrorum metatio</foreign>), and the line of battle (<foreign lang="la">acies</foreign>). I cannot imagine any one so indifferent to things noble and, great, as to refuse to take some little extra trouble to understand things like these; for if he has once heard them, he will be acquainted with one of those things genuinely worth observation and knowledge.