<w lemma="%2Akai%5C">Καὶ</w> <w lemma="mh%5Cn">μὴν</w> <w lemma="h%28">ἡ</w> <w lemma="su%2Fgklhtos">σύγκλητος</w> <w lemma="prw%3Dton">πρῶτον</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fxei">ἔχει</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="tamiei%2Fou">ταμιείου</w> <w lemma="kuri%2Fan">κυρίαν</w>. <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="ei%29so%2Fdou">εἰσόδου</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fshs">πάσης</w> <w lemma="au%28%2Fth">αὕτη</w> <w lemma="kratei%3D">κρατεῖ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="e%29co%2Fdou">ἐξόδου</w> <w lemma="paraplhsi%2Fws">παραπλησίως</w>.
<w lemma="ou%29%2Fte">οὔτε</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="me%2Fros">μέρος</w> <w lemma="xrei%2Fas">χρείας</w> <w lemma="ou%29demi%2Fan">οὐδεμίαν</w> <w lemma="poiei%3Dn">ποιεῖν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fcodon">ἔξοδον</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="tami%2Fai">ταμίαι</w> <w lemma="du%2Fnantai">δύνανται</w> <w lemma="xwri%5Cs">χωρὶς</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="sugklh%2Ftou">συγκλήτου</w> <w lemma="dogma%2Ftwn">δογμάτων</w> <w lemma="plh%5Cn">πλὴν</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="u%28pa%2Ftous:">ὑπάτους·</w>
<w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="para%5C">παρὰ</w> <w lemma="polu%5C">πολὺ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fllwn">ἄλλων</w> <w lemma="o%28losxeresta%2Fths">ὁλοσχερεστάτης</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="megi%2Fsths">μεγίστης</w> <w lemma="dapa%2Fnhs">δαπάνης</w>, <w lemma="h%28%5Cn">ἣν</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="timhtai%5C">τιμηταὶ</w> <w lemma="poiou%3Dsin">ποιοῦσιν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="e%29piskeua%5Cs">ἐπισκευὰς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="kataskeua%5Cs">κατασκευὰς</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="dhmosi%2Fwn">δημοσίων</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="pentaethri%2Fda">πενταετηρίδα</w>, <w lemma="tau%2Fths">ταύτης</w> <w lemma="h%28">ἡ</w> <w lemma="su%2Fgklhto%2Fs">σύγκλητός</w> <w lemma="e%29sti">ἐστι</w> <w lemma="kuri%2Fa">κυρία</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="tau%2Fths">ταύτης</w> <w lemma="gi%2Fnetai">γίνεται</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="sugxw%2Frhma">συγχώρημα</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="timhtai%3Ds">τιμηταῖς</w>.
<w lemma="o%28moi%2Fws">ὁμοίως</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Fsa">ὅσα</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="a%29dikhma%2Ftwn">ἀδικημάτων</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="kat%27">κατ᾽</w> <w lemma="%2A%29itali%2Fan">Ἰταλίαν</w> <w lemma="prosdei%3Dtai">προσδεῖται</w> <w lemma="dhmosi%2Fas">δημοσίας</w> <w lemma="e%29piske%2Fyews">ἐπισκέψεως</w>, <w lemma="le%2Fgw">λέγω</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="oi%28%3Don">οἷον</w> <w lemma="prodosi%2Fas">προδοσίας</w>, <w lemma="sunwmosi%2Fas">συνωμοσίας</w>, <w lemma="farmakei%2Fas">φαρμακείας</w>, <w lemma="dolofoni%2Fas">δολοφονίας</w>, <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="sugklh%2Ftw%7C">συγκλήτῳ</w> <w lemma="me%2Flei">μέλει</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w>. <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftois">τούτοις</w>,
<w lemma="ei%29%2F">εἴ</w> <w lemma="tis">τις</w> <w lemma="i%29diw%2Fths">ἰδιώτης</w> <w lemma="h%29%5C">ἢ</w> <w lemma="po%2Flis">πόλις</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29itali%2Fan">Ἰταλίαν</w> <w lemma="dialu%2Fsews">διαλύσεως</w> <w lemma="h%29%5C">ἢ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="nh%5C">νὴ</w> <w lemma="%2Adi%2F%27">Δί᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29pitimh%2Fsews">ἐπιτιμήσεως</w> <w lemma="h%29%5C">ἢ</w> <w lemma="bohqei%2Fas">βοηθείας</w> <w lemma="h%29%5C">ἢ</w> <w lemma="fulakh%3Ds">φυλακῆς</w> <w lemma="prosdei%3Dtai">προσδεῖται</w>, <w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fntwn">πάντων</w> <w lemma="e%29pimele%2Fs">ἐπιμελές</w> <w lemma="e%29sti">ἐστι</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="sugklh%2Ftw%7C">συγκλήτῳ</w>.
<w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="mh%5Cn">μὴν</w> <w lemma="ei%29">εἰ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29kto%5Cs">ἐκτὸς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29itali%2Fas">Ἰταλίας</w> <w lemma="pro%2Fs">πρός</w> <w lemma="tinas">τινας</w> <w lemma="e%29caposte%2Fllein">ἐξαποστέλλειν</w> <w lemma="de%2Foi">δέοι</w> <w lemma="presbei%2Fan">πρεσβείαν</w> <w lemma="tin%27">τιν᾽</w> <w lemma="h%29%5C">ἢ</w> <w lemma="dialu%2Fsousa%2Fn">διαλύσουσάν</w> <w lemma="tinas">τινας</w> <w lemma="h%29%5C">ἢ</w> <w lemma="parakale%2Fsousan">παρακαλέσουσαν</w> <w lemma="h%29%5C">ἢ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="nh%5C">νὴ</w> <w lemma="%2Adi%2F%27">Δί᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29pita%2Fcousan">ἐπιτάξουσαν</w> <w lemma="h%29%5C">ἢ</w> <w lemma="paralhyome%2Fnhn">παραληψομένην</w> <w lemma="h%29%5C">ἢ</w> <w lemma="po%2Flemon">πόλεμον</w> <w lemma="e%29pagge%2Fllousan">ἐπαγγέλλουσαν</w>. <w lemma="au%28%2Fth">αὕτη</w> <w lemma="poiei%3Dtai">ποιεῖται</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="pro%2Fnoian">πρόνοιαν</w>.
<w lemma="o%28moi%2Fws">ὁμοίως</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="paragenome%2Fnwn">παραγενομένων</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rw%2Fmhn">Ῥώμην</w> <w lemma="presbeiw%3Dn">πρεσβειῶν</w> <w lemma="w%28s">ὡς</w> <w lemma="de%2Fon">δέον</w> <w lemma="e%29sti%5Cn">ἐστὶν</w> <w lemma="e%28ka%2Fstois">ἑκάστοις</w> <w lemma="xrh%3Dsqai">χρῆσθαι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="w%28s">ὡς</w> <w lemma="de%2Fon">δέον</w> <w lemma="a%29pokriqh%3Dnai">ἀποκριθῆναι</w>, <w lemma="pa%2Fnta">πάντα</w> <w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="xeiri%2Fzetai">χειρίζεται</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="sugklh%2Ftou">συγκλήτου</w>. <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="dh%3Dmon">δῆμον</w> <w lemma="kaqa%2Fpac">καθάπαξ</w> <w lemma="ou%29de%2Fn">οὐδέν</w> <w lemma="e%29sti">ἐστι</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="proeirhme%2Fnwn">προειρημένων</w>.
<w lemma="e%29c">ἐξ</w> <w lemma="w%28%3Dn">ὧν</w> <w lemma="pa%2Flin">πάλιν</w> <w lemma="o%28po%2Fte">ὁπότε</w> <w lemma="tis">τις</w> <w lemma="e%29pidhmh%2Fsai">ἐπιδημήσαι</w> <w lemma="mh%5C">μὴ</w> <w lemma="paro%2Fntos">παρόντος</w> <w lemma="u%28pa%2Ftou">ὑπάτου</w>, <w lemma="telei%2Fws">τελείως</w> <w lemma="a%29ristokratikh%5C">ἀριστοκρατικὴ</w> <w lemma="fai%2Fneq%27">φαίνεθ᾽</w> <w lemma="h%28">ἡ</w> <w lemma="politei%2Fa">πολιτεία</w>.
<w lemma="o%28%5C">ὃ</w> <w lemma="dh%5C">δὴ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="polloi%5C">πολλοὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28ellh%2Fnwn">Ἑλλήνων</w>, <w lemma="o%28moi%2Fws">ὁμοίως</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="basile%2Fwn">βασιλέων</w>, <w lemma="pepeisme%2Fnoi">πεπεισμένοι</w> <w lemma="tugxa%2Fnousi">τυγχάνουσι</w>, <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="sfw%3Dn">σφῶν</w> <w lemma="pra%2Fgmata">πράγματα</w> <w lemma="sxedo%5Cn">σχεδὸν</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fnta">πάντα</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="su%2Fgklhton">σύγκλητον</w> <w lemma="kurou%3Dn">κυροῦν</w>.
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<head>The Senate</head>The Senate has first of all the control of the treasury, and regulates the receipts and disbursements alike. For the Quaestors cannot issue any public money for the various departments of the state without a decree of the Senate, except for the service of the Consuls. The Senate controls also what is by far the largest and most important expenditure, that, namely, which is made by the censors every<foreign lang="la">lustrum</foreign>for the repair or construction of public buildings; this money cannot be obtained by the censors except by the grant of the Senate. Similarly all crimes committed in <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Italy&groupId=656&placeId=1199">Italy</a> requiring a public investigation, such as treason, conspiracy, poisoning, or wilful murder, are in the hands of the Senate. Besides, if any individual or state<pb n="470" />among the Italian allies requires a controversy to be settled, a penalty to be assessed, help or protection to be afforded,—all this is the province of the Senate. Or again, outside <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Italy&groupId=656&placeId=1199">Italy</a>, if it is necessary to send an embassy to reconcile warring communities, or to remind them of their duty, or sometimes to impose requisitions upon them, or to receive their submission, or finally to proclaim war against them,—this too is the business of the Senate. In like manner the reception to be given to foreign ambassadors in <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Rome&groupId=935&placeId=1669">Rome</a>, and the answers to be returned to them, are decided by the Senate. With such business the people have nothing to do. Consequently, if one were staying at <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Rome&groupId=935&placeId=1669">Rome</a> when the Consuls were not in town, one would imagine the constitution to be a complete aristocracy: and this has been the idea entertained by many Greeks, and by many kings as well, from the fact that nearly all the business they had with <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Rome&groupId=935&placeId=1669">Rome</a> was settled by the Senate.
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Walbank Commentary