<w lemma="xw%2Frhse">χώρησε</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="duna%2Fmews">δυνάμεως</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="%2Ape%2Frgamon:">Πέργαμον·</w> <w lemma="%2A%29anti%2Foxos">Ἀντίοχος</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Aptolemai%3Dos">Πτολεμαῖος</w>, <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="e%29arinh%3Ds">ἐαρινῆς</w> <w lemma="w%28%2Fras">ὥρας</w> <w lemma="e%29nistame%2Fnhs">ἐνισταμένης</w>, <w lemma="e%28toi%2Fmas">ἑτοίμας</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fxontes">ἔχοντες</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="paraskeua%5Cs">παρασκευὰς</w> <w lemma="e%29gi%2Fnonto">ἐγίνοντο</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="ma%2Fxhs">μάχης</w> <w lemma="kri%2Fnein">κρίνειν</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Ffodon">ἔφοδον</w>.
<w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ou%29%3Dn">οὖν</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Aptolemai%3Don">Πτολεμαῖον</w> <w lemma="w%28%2Frmhsan">ὥρμησαν</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29alecandrei%2Fas">Ἀλεξανδρείας</w>, <w lemma="e%29%2Fxontes">ἔχοντες</w> <w lemma="pezw%3Dn">πεζῶν</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="e%28pta%5C">ἑπτὰ</w> <w lemma="muria%2Fdas">μυριάδας</w>, <w lemma="i%28ppei%3Ds">ἱππεῖς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="pentakisxili%2Fous">πεντακισχιλίους</w>, <w lemma="e%29le%2Ffantas">ἐλέφαντας</w> <w lemma="e%28bdomh%2Fkonta">ἑβδομήκοντα</w> <w lemma="trei%3Ds:">τρεῖς·</w>
<w lemma="%2A%29anti%2Foxos">Ἀντίοχος</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="gnou%5Cs">γνοὺς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Ffodon">ἔφοδον</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3Dn">αὐτῶν</w> <w lemma="sunh%3Dge">συνῆγε</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="duna%2Fmeis">δυνάμεις</w>. <w lemma="h%29%3Dsan">ἦσαν</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="au%28%3Dtai">αὗται</w> <w lemma="%2Ada%2Fai">Δάαι</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Akarma%2Fnioi">Καρμάνιοι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Aki%2Flikes">Κίλικες</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="eu%29zw%2Fnwn">εὐζώνων</w> <w lemma="tro%2Fpon">τρόπον</w> <w lemma="kaqwplisme%2Fnoi">καθωπλισμένοι</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="pentakisxili%2Fous:">πεντακισχιλίους·</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%28%2Fma">ἅμα</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29pime%2Fleian">ἐπιμέλειαν</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dxe">εἶχε</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="h%28gemoni%2Fan">ἡγεμονίαν</w> <w lemma="%2Abu%2Fttakos">Βύττακος</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="%2Amakedw%2Fn">Μακεδών</w>.
<w lemma="u%28po%5C">ὑπὸ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="%2Aqeo%2Fdoton">Θεόδοτον</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Aai%29twlo%5Cn">Αἰτωλὸν</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="poihsa%2Fmenon">ποιησάμενον</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="prodosi%2Fan">προδοσίαν</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dsan">ἦσαν</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fshs">πάσης</w> <w lemma="e%29klelegme%2Fnoi">ἐκλελεγμένοι</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="basilei%2Fas">βασιλείας</w>, <w lemma="kaqwplisme%2Fnoi">καθωπλισμένοι</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Amakedoniko%5Cn">Μακεδονικὸν</w> <w lemma="tro%2Fpon">τρόπον</w>, <w lemma="a%29%2Fndres">ἄνδρες</w> <w lemma="mu%2Frioi:">μύριοι·</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="plei%2Fones">πλείονες</w> <w lemma="a%29rgura%2Fspides">ἀργυράσπιδες</w>.
<w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="fa%2Flaggos">φάλαγγος</w> <w lemma="plh%3Dqos">πλῆθος</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="dusmuri%2Fous">δυσμυρίους</w>, <w lemma="h%28%3Ds">ἧς</w> <w lemma="h%28gei%3Dto">ἡγεῖτο</w> <w lemma="%2Ani%2Fkarxos">Νίκαρχος</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Aqeo%2Fdotos">Θεόδοτος</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="kalou%2Fmenos">καλούμενος</w> <w lemma="h%28mio%2Flios">ἡμιόλιος</w>.
<w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftois">τούτοις</w> <w lemma="%2A%29agria%3Dnes">Ἀγριᾶνες</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Ape%2Frsai">Πέρσαι</w> <w lemma="toco%2Ftai">τοξόται</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="sfendonh%3Dtai">σφενδονῆται</w> <w lemma="disxi%2Flioi">δισχίλιοι</w>. <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w> <w lemma="xi%2Flioi">χίλιοι</w> <w lemma="%2Aqra%3D%7Ckes">Θρᾷκες</w>, <w lemma="w%28%3Dn">ὧν</w> <w lemma="h%28gei%3Dto">ἡγεῖτο</w> <w lemma="%2Amene%2Fdhmos">Μενέδημος</w> <w lemma="%2A%29alabandeu%2Fs">Ἀλαβανδεύς</w>.
<w lemma="u%28ph%3Drxon">ὑπῆρχον</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Amh%2Fdwn">Μήδων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Akissi%2Fwn">Κισσίων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Akadousi%2Fwn">Καδουσίων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Akarmanw%3Dn">Καρμανῶν</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fntes">πάντες</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="pentakisxili%2Fous">πεντακισχιλίους</w>, <w lemma="oi%28%3Ds">οἷς</w> <w lemma="a%29kou%2Fein">ἀκούειν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29aspasianou%3D">Ἀσπασιανοῦ</w> <w lemma="prosete%2Ftakto">προσετέτακτο</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="%2Amh%2Fdou">Μήδου</w>.
<w lemma="%2A%29%2Farabes">Ἄραβες</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kai%2F">καί</w> <w lemma="tines">τινες</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftois">τούτοις</w> <w lemma="prosxw%2Frwn">προσχώρων</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dsan">ἦσαν</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="muri%2Fous">μυρίους</w>, <w lemma="u%28peta%2Fttonto">ὑπετάττοντο</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="%2Azabdibh%2Flw%7C">Ζαβδιβήλῳ</w>.
<w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29po%5C">ἀπὸ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="%2A%28ella%2Fdos">Ἑλλάδος</w> <w lemma="misqofo%2Frwn">μισθοφόρων</w> <w lemma="h%28gei%3Dto">ἡγεῖτο</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28ippo%2Floxos">Ἱππόλοχος</w> <w lemma="%2Aqettalo%2Fs">Θετταλός</w>, <w lemma="u%28ph%3Drxon">ὑπῆρχον</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="a%29riqmo%5Cn">ἀριθμὸν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="pentakisxili%2Fous">πεντακισχιλίους</w>.
<w lemma="%2Akrh%3Dtas">Κρῆτας</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="xili%2Fous">χιλίους</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pentakosi%2Fous">πεντακοσίους</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dxe">εἶχε</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="met%27">μετ᾽</w> <w lemma="%2Aeu%29rulo%2Fxou">Εὐρυλόχου</w>, <w lemma="xili%2Fous">χιλίους</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="%2Aneo%2Fkrhtas">Νεόκρητας</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="u%28po%5C">ὑπὸ</w> <w lemma="%2Aze%2Flun">Ζέλυν</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Agortu%2Fnion">Γορτύνιον</w> <w lemma="tattome%2Fnous:">ταττομένους·</w>
<w lemma="oi%28%3Ds">οἷς</w> <w lemma="a%28%2Fma">ἅμα</w> <w lemma="sunh%3Dsan">συνῆσαν</w> <w lemma="a%29kontistai%5C">ἀκοντισταὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Aludoi%5C">Λυδοὶ</w> <w lemma="pentako%2Fsioi">πεντακόσιοι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Aka%2Frdakes">Κάρδακες</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="%2Alusima%2Fxou">Λυσιμάχου</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="%2Agala%2Ftou">Γαλάτου</w> <w lemma="xi%2Flioi">χίλιοι</w>.
<w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="i%28ppe%2Fwn">ἱππέων</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="pa%3Dn">πᾶν</w> <w lemma="plh%3Dqos">πλῆθος</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="e%28cakisxili%2Fous:">ἑξακισχιλίους·</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dxe">εἶχε</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="tetrakisxili%2Fwn">τετρακισχιλίων</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="h%28gemoni%2Fan">ἡγεμονίαν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29anti%2Fpatros">Ἀντίπατρος</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="basile%2Fws">βασιλέως</w> <w lemma="a%29delfidou%3Ds">ἀδελφιδοῦς</w>, <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="loipw%3Dn">λοιπῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29te%2Ftakto">ἐτέτακτο</w> <w lemma="%2Aqemi%2Fswn">Θεμίσων</w>.
<w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29antio%2Fxou">Ἀντιόχου</w> <w lemma="duna%2Fmews">δυνάμεως</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="plh%3Dqos">πλῆθος</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w> <w lemma="pezoi%5C">πεζοὶ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="e%28cakismu%2Frioi">ἑξακισμύριοι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="disxi%2Flioi">δισχίλιοι</w>, <w lemma="su%5Cn">σὺν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftois">τούτοις</w> <w lemma="i%28ppei%3Ds">ἱππεῖς</w> <w lemma="e%28cakisxi%2Flioi">ἑξακισχίλιοι</w>, <w lemma="qhri%2Fa">θηρία</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="dusi%5C">δυσὶ</w> <w lemma="plei%2Fw">πλείω</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="e%28kato%2Fn">ἑκατόν</w>.
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<head>Forces Available to Antiochus and Ptolemy</head>At the beginning of the following spring, having all<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note160">B. C. 217. Antiochus and Ptolemy recommence hostilities in the spring. Ptolemy's army: 70,000 infantry, 5000 cavalry, 73 elephants.</note>preparations for war completed, Antiochus and Ptolemy determined to bring their claims to <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Coele-Syria&groupId=484&placeId=908">Coele-Syria</a> to the decision of a battle. Ptolemy accordingly set out from <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Alexandria&groupId=1063&placeId=1868">Alexandria</a> with seventy thousand infantry, five thousand cavalry, and seventy-three elephants. Being informed of his approach, Antiochus drew his forces together. These consisted of Daae, Carmani, and Cilicians, equipped as light-armed troops to the number of about five thousand, under the charge and command of Byttacus the Macedonian.<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note161">The army of Antiochus: 62,000 infantry, 6000 cavalry, 102 elephants.</note>Under Theodotus, the Aetolian, who had deserted from Ptolemy, were ten thousand picked men from the whole kingdom, armed in the Macedonian fashion, most of whom had silver shields. The number of the phalanx was twenty thousand, and they were led by Nicarchus and Theodotus Hemiolius. In addition to these there were Agrianes and Persians, who were either bowmen or slingers, to the number of two thousand. With them were a thousand Thracians, under the command of Menedemus of Alabanda. There was also a mixed force of Medes, Cissians, Cadusians, and Carmanians, amounting to five thousand men, who were assigned to the chief command of Aspasianus the Mede. Certain Arabians also and men of neighbouring tribes, to the number of ten thousand, were commanded by Zabdibelus. The mercenaries from Greece amounting to five thousand were led by Hippolochus of <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Thessaly&groupId=1028&placeId=1816">Thessaly</a>. Antiochus had also fifteen hundred Cretans who came with Eurylochus, and a thousand Neo-Cretans commanded by Zelys of Gortyna; with whom were five hundred javelin-men of <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Lydia&groupId=718&placeId=1318">Lydia</a>, and a thousand Cardaces who came with Lysimachus the <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Gaul&groupId=598&placeId=1108">Gaul</a>. The entire number of his horse was six thousand; four thousand were commanded by the king's nephew Antipater, the rest by Themison: so that the whole<pb n="431" />number of Antiochus's force was sixty-two thousand infantry, six thousand cavalry, and one hundred and two elephants.
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Walbank Commentary