Polybius, Histories

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Book 4 - Chapter 77

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<w lemma="%2Afi%2Flippos">Φίλιππος</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ou%29%3Dn">οὖν</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="o%28mili%2Fan">ὁμιλίαν</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="u%28pai%2Fqrois">ὑπαίθροις</w> <w lemma="sundiatri%2Fbontas">συνδιατρίβοντας</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="polemikoi%3Ds">πολεμικοῖς</w> <w lemma="pra%3Dcin">πρᾶξιν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="to%2Flman">τόλμαν</w> <w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="mo%2Fnon">μόνον</w> <w lemma="para%5C">παρὰ</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="strateuome%2Fnois">στρατευομένοις</w>, <w lemma="a%29lla%5C">ἀλλὰ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="para%5C">παρὰ</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="loipoi%3Ds">λοιποῖς</w> <w lemma="pa%3Dsi">πᾶσι</w> <w lemma="%2Apeloponnhsi%2Fois">Πελοποννησίοις</w> <w lemma="eu%29doki%2Fmei">εὐδοκίμει</w>.
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<w lemma="basile%2Fa">βασιλέα</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="plei%2Fosin">πλείοσιν</w> <w lemma="a%29formai%3Ds">ἀφορμαῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="fu%2Fsews">φύσεως</w> <w lemma="kexorhghme%2Fnon">κεχορηγημένον</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="pragma%2Ftwn">πραγμάτων</w> <w lemma="kata%2Fkthsin">κατάκτησιν</w> <w lemma="ou%29k">οὐκ</w> <w lemma="eu%29mare%5Cs">εὐμαρὲς</w> <w lemma="eu%28rei%3Dn:">εὑρεῖν·</w>
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<w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="a%29gxi%2Fnoia">ἀγχίνοια</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="mnh%2Fmh">μνήμη</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="xa%2Fris">χάρις</w> <w lemma="e%29ph%3Dn">ἐπῆν</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3D%7C">αὐτῷ</w> <w lemma="diafe%2Frousa">διαφέρουσα</w>, <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftois">τούτοις</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%2Ffasis">ἐπίφασις</w> <w lemma="basilikh%5C">βασιλικὴ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="du%2Fnamis">δύναμις</w>, <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="me%2Fgiston">μέγιστον</w>, <w lemma="pra%3Dcis">πρᾶξις</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="to%2Flma">τόλμα</w> <w lemma="polemikh%2F">πολεμική</w>.
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<w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="ti%2F">τί</w> <w lemma="dh%2F">δή</w> <w lemma="pot%27">ποτ᾽</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fnta">πάντα</w> <w lemma="katagwnisa%2Fmenon">καταγωνισάμενον</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="poih%3Dsan">ποιῆσαν</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="basile%2Fws">βασιλέως</w> <w lemma="eu%29fuou%3Ds">εὐφυοῦς</w> <w lemma="tu%2Frannon">τύραννον</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fgrion">ἄγριον</w> <w lemma="ou%29k">οὐκ</w> <w lemma="eu%29xere%5Cs">εὐχερὲς</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="braxe%2Fwn">βραχέων</w> <w lemma="dhlw%3Dsai">δηλῶσαι</w>. <w lemma="dio%5C">διὸ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w> <w lemma="ske%2Fptesqai">σκέπτεσθαι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="diaporei%3Dn">διαπορεῖν</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fllos">ἄλλος</w> <w lemma="a%28rmo%2Fsei">ἁρμόσει</w> <w lemma="kairo%5Cs">καιρὸς</w> <w lemma="ma%3Dllon">μᾶλλον</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="nu%3Dn">νῦν</w> <w lemma="e%29nestw%3Dtos:">ἐνεστῶτος·</w>
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<w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="%2Afi%2Flippos">Φίλιππος</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29olumpi%2Fas">Ὀλυμπίας</w> <w lemma="a%29nazeu%2Fcas">ἀναζεύξας</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Afarai%2Fan">Φαραίαν</w> <w lemma="parh%3Dn">παρῆν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="%2Ate%2Flfousan">Τέλφουσαν</w> <w lemma="ka%29kei%3Dqen">κἀκεῖθεν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="%2A%28hrai%2Fan">Ἡραίαν</w>. <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="lei%2Fan">λείαν</w> <w lemma="e%29lafuropw%2Flei">ἐλαφυροπώλει</w>, <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="ge%2Ffuran">γέφυραν</w> <w lemma="e%29peskeu%2Faze">ἐπεσκεύαζε</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29alfeio%2Fn">Ἀλφειόν</w>, <w lemma="boulo%2Fmenos">βουλόμενος</w> <w lemma="tau%2Fth%7C">ταύτῃ</w> <w lemma="poih%2Fsasqai">ποιήσασθαι</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2Atrifuli%2Fan">Τριφυλίαν</w> <w lemma="ei%29sbolh%2Fn">εἰσβολήν</w>.
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<w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%5Cs">αὐτοὺς</w> <w lemma="kairou%5Cs">καιροὺς</w> <w lemma="%2Adwri%2Fmaxos">Δωρίμαχος</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Aai%29twlw%3Dn">Αἰτωλῶν</w> <w lemma="strathgo%2Fs">στρατηγός</w>, <w lemma="deome%2Fnwn">δεομένων</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29hlei%2Fwn">Ἠλείων</w> <w lemma="sfi%2Fsi">σφίσι</w> <w lemma="bohqei%3Dn">βοηθεῖν</w> <w lemma="porqoume%2Fnois">πορθουμένοις</w>, <w lemma="e%28cakosi%2Fous">ἑξακοσίους</w> <w lemma="%2Aai%29twlou%5Cs">Αἰτωλοὺς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="strathgo%5Cn">στρατηγὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Afilli%2Fdan">Φιλλίδαν</w> <w lemma="au%29toi%3Ds">αὐτοῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29ce%2Fpemyen">ἐξέπεμψεν</w>.
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<w lemma="o%28%5Cs">ὃς</w> <w lemma="parageno%2Fmenos">παραγενόμενος</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29hlei%2Fan">Ἠλείαν</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="paralabw%5Cn">παραλαβὼν</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="misqofo%2Frous">μισθοφόρους</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29hlei%2Fwn">Ἠλείων</w>, <w lemma="o%29%2Fntas">ὄντας</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="pentakosi%2Fous">πεντακοσίους</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="politikou%5Cs">πολιτικοὺς</w> <w lemma="xili%2Fous">χιλίους</w>, <w lemma="a%28%2Fma">ἅμα</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftois">τούτοις</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="%2Ataranti%2Fnous">Ταραντίνους</w>, <w lemma="h%28%3Dke">ἧκε</w> <w lemma="bohqw%3Dn">βοηθῶν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2Atrifuli%2Fan">Τριφυλίαν</w>,
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<w lemma="h%28%5C">ἣ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="proshgori%2Fas">προσηγορίας</w> <w lemma="te%2Fteuxe">τέτευχε</w> <w lemma="tau%2Fths">ταύτης</w> <w lemma="a%29po%5C">ἀπὸ</w> <w lemma="%2Atrifu%2Flou">Τριφύλου</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29arka%2Fdos">Ἀρκάδος</w> <w lemma="pai%2Fdwn">παίδων</w> <w lemma="e%28no%2Fs">ἑνός</w>, <w lemma="kei%3Dtai">κεῖται</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="%2Apeloponnh%2Fsou">Πελοποννήσου</w> <w lemma="para%5C">παρὰ</w> <w lemma="qa%2Flattan">θάλατταν</w> <w lemma="metacu%5C">μεταξὺ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29hlei%2Fwn">Ἠλείων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Amesshni%2Fwn">Μεσσηνίων</w> <w lemma="xw%2Fras">χώρας</w>, <w lemma="te%2Ftraptai">τέτραπται</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="%2Alibuko%5Cn">Λιβυκὸν</w> <w lemma="pe%2Flagos">πέλαγος</w>, <w lemma="e%29sxateu%2Fousa">ἐσχατεύουσα</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29arkadi%2Fas">Ἀρκαδίας</w> <w lemma="w%28s">ὡς</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="xeimerina%5Cs">χειμερινὰς</w> <w lemma="du%2Fseis">δύσεις</w>,
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<w lemma="e%29%2Fxei">ἔχει</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="au%28th%3D%7C">αὑτῇ</w> <w lemma="po%2Fleis">πόλεις</w> <w lemma="tau%2Ftas">ταύτας</w>, <w lemma="%2Asamiko%2Fn">Σαμικόν</w>, <w lemma="%2Ale%2Fpreon">Λέπρεον</w>, <w lemma="%2A%28%2Fupanan">Ὕπαναν</w>, <w lemma="%2Atupane%2Fas">Τυπανέας</w>, <w lemma="%2Apu%2Frgon">Πύργον</w>, <w lemma="%2Aai%29%2Fpion">Αἴπιον</w>, <w lemma="%2Abw%2Flaka">Βώλακα</w>, <w lemma="%2Astula%2Fggion">Στυλάγγιον</w>, <w lemma="%2Afri%2Fcan">Φρίξαν</w>.
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<w lemma="w%28%3Dn">ὧν</w> <w lemma="o%29li%2Fgois">ὀλίγοις</w> <w lemma="xro%2Fnois">χρόνοις</w> <w lemma="pro%2Fteron">πρότερον</w> <w lemma="e%29pikrath%2Fsantes">ἐπικρατήσαντες</w> <w lemma="%2A%29hlei%3Doi">Ἠλεῖοι</w> <w lemma="prosela%2Fbonto">προσελάβοντο</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29alifeire%2Fwn">Ἀλιφειρέων</w> <w lemma="po%2Flin">πόλιν</w>, <w lemma="ou%29%3Dsan">οὖσαν</w> <w lemma="e%29c">ἐξ</w> <w lemma="a%29rxh%3Ds">ἀρχῆς</w> <w lemma="u%28p%27">ὑπ᾽</w> <w lemma="%2A%29arkadi%2Fan">Ἀρκαδίαν</w> [<w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Amegalo%2Fpolin">Μεγαλόπολιν</w>], <w lemma="%2Aludia%2Fdou">Λυδιάδου</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="%2Amegalopoli%2Ftou">Μεγαλοπολίτου</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="turanni%2Fda">τυραννίδα</w> <w lemma="pro%2Fs">πρός</w> <w lemma="tinas">τινας</w> <w lemma="i%29di%2Fas">ἰδίας</w> <w lemma="pra%2Fceis">πράξεις</w> <w lemma="a%29llagh%5Cn">ἀλλαγὴν</w> <w lemma="do%2Fntos">δόντος</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29hlei%2Fois">Ἠλείοις</w>.
<head>Phillidas and the Aetolian Troops Arrive</head>Philip, then, was acquiring a great reputation, not only<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note153">Character of Philip V.</note>among those actually in his army, but among the other Peloponnesians also, for his behaviour to the allies serving with him, as well as for his ability and courage in the field. Indeed it would not be easy to find a king endowed with more natural qualities requisite for the acquisition of power. He had in an eminent degree a quick understanding, a retentive memory, and a winning grace of manner, joined to a look of royal dignity and authority; and most important of all, ability and courage as a general. What neutralised all these excellent qualities, and made a cruel tyrant of a naturally well-disposed king, it is not easy to say in a few words: and therefore that inquiry must be reserved for a more suitable time than the present.Starting from <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Olympia&groupId=809&placeId=1462">Olympia</a> by the road leading to <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Pharae&groupId=878&placeId=1582">Pharae</a>,<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note154">Philip continues his campaign.</note>Philip came first to <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Telphusa&groupId=1013&placeId=1783">Telphusa</a>, and thence to <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Heraea&groupId=626&placeId=1151">Heraea</a>. There he had the booty sold by auction, and repaired the bridge over the Alpheus, with the view of passing over it to the invasion of Triphylia.Just at that time the Aetolian Strategus, Dorimachus, in answer<pb n="348" />to a request of the Eleans for protection against the devastation they were enduring, despatched six hundred Aetolians, under the command of Phillidas, to their aid.<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note155">Arrival of Aetolian troops under Phillidas, B. C. 218.</note>Having arrived in <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Elis&groupId=560&placeId=1048">Elis</a>, and taken over the Elean mercenaries, who were five hundred in number, as well as a thousand citizen soldiers and the Tarentine cavalry,<note anchored="yes" place="unspecified" id="note156">The local name of Tarentine, though doubtless originating in fact, had come to indicate a species of mercenary cavalry armed in a particular way.<bibl n="Arr. Tact. 4" default="NO" valid="yes">Arrian,<title>Tact.</title>4</bibl>distinguishes two sorts of light cavalry for skirmishing, Tarentines armed with javelins (<foreign lang="greek">δορατία</foreign>), and horse archers (<foreign lang="greek">ἱπποτοξόται</foreign>). Cp.<ref target="b11c12" targOrder="U">11, 12</ref>,<bibl n="Liv. 35.29" default="NO" valid="yes">Livy 35, 29</bibl>;<bibl n="Liv. 37.40" default="NO" valid="yes">37, 40</bibl>.</note>he marched to the relief of Triphylia.<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note157">Triphylia.</note>This district is so called from Triphylus, one of the sons of Arcas, and lies on the coast of the <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Peloponnese&groupId=861&placeId=1552">Peloponnese</a> between <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Elis&groupId=560&placeId=1048">Elis</a> and <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Messenia&groupId=760&placeId=1380">Messenia</a>, facing the Libyan Sea, and touching the south-west frontier of Arcadia. It contains the following towns, <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Samicum&groupId=942&placeId=1676">Samicum</a>, <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Lepreum&groupId=678&placeId=1241">Lepreum</a>, <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Hypana&groupId=636&placeId=1168">Hypana</a>, Typaneae, Pyrgos, <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Aepium&groupId=296&placeId=584">Aepium</a>, <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Bolax&groupId=406&placeId=755">Bolax</a>, Stylangium, Phrixa; all of which, shortly before this, the Eleans had conquered and annexed, as well as the city of Alipheira, which had originally been subject to Arcadia and <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Megalopolis&groupId=745&placeId=1360">Megalopolis</a>, but had been exchanged with the Eleans, for some private object of his own, by Lydiadas when tyrant of <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Megalopolis&groupId=745&placeId=1360">Megalopolis</a>.