<p rend="Plain Text">Honours paid to L. Mummius</p>
<p rend="Plain Text">This excerpt, which follows 4. 1–5. 6 in de uirt. et uit., also forms part of res Graeciae of Ol. 158, 3 = 146/5. It reflects P.'s approval of the Roman conduct of affairs in Greece.</p>
39.6.5 - 39.6.5
<p rend="Plain Text">
〈
<emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">ἐν</w></emph>
〉
<emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">τοῖς τῶν Χαλκιδέων ἱππεῦσιν</w>:</emph>
on the hostility of <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Chalcis&groupId=457&placeId=853">Chalcis</a> to <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Rome&groupId=935&placeId=1669">Rome</a> see xxxviii. 3. 8 n. The execution of cavalrymen shows that this was not confined to the popular elements (see Deininger, 240). <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Chalcis&groupId=457&placeId=853">Chalcis</a> itself, like Thebes, was punished; cf. Livy, ep. 52, 'Thebae quoque et <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Chalcis&groupId=457&placeId=853">Chalcis</a>, quae auxilio fuerant, dirutae', an exaggeration, since only part of the wall was destroyed at both places; see Accame, Dominio, 190, 194–5.
</p>
Specifics
39.6.1 - 39.6.1
<p rend="Plain Text">
<emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">ὁ στρατηγὸς τῶν Ῥωμαίων</w>:</emph>
L. Mummius, who stayed on as proconsul (cf. Rufus Festus, 7. 2). The words down to <w lang="el-GR">συνέδριον</w> are the excerptor's.
</p>
<p rend="Plain Text">
<emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">μετὰ τὸ χωρισθῆναι . . . τὸ συνέδριον</w>:</emph>
i.e. the Ten Commissioners; Paton, 'the general assembly' is nonsense.
</p>
<p rend="Plain Text">
<emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">τὸν ἐν Ἰσθμῷ τόπον</w>:</emph>
'the site on the Isthmus', i.e. the site of the Isthmian Games, which was near the Saronic Gulf, just south of the eastern end of the Corinthian Canal; see Schneider, RE, '<a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Isthmia&groupId=1078&placeId=1895">Isthmia</a>', cols. 2249–50 (for French excavations in the 1880's); for American
<milestone unit="page" n="735">[735]</milestone>
excavations at the sanctuary of Poseidon since 1967 see Arch. Rep. 1967–8, 7; 1968–9, 8–9; 1969–70, 10–11 (map on p. 11); 1970–1, 8–9; 1971–2, 7–8; 1972–3, 9–12 (map on p. 9); cf. O. Broneer, <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Isthmia&groupId=1078&placeId=1895">Isthmia</a>, I: the Temple of Poseidon; II: Topography and Architecture (Princeton, 1971–3); E. R. Gebhard, The Theater at <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Isthmia&groupId=1078&placeId=1895">Isthmia</a> (Chicago, 1973). Paton mistranslates <w lang="el-GR">τόπος</w>, 'course'. The site may have suffered during the fighting; Mnzer, RE, 'Mummius (7a)', Nachtrag to vol. xvi. 1, col. 1202, suggests damage during the destruction of <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Corinth&groupId=493&placeId=928">Corinth</a>, but the sanctuary was over 12 km. from the city. Control of the Isthmian games, as well as half the territory of <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Corinth&groupId=493&placeId=928">Corinth</a> (2. 1–3 n.), was given to near-by Sicyon (Paus. ii. 2. 2; Strabo, viii. 6. 23, C. 381). It has been asserted that the games were in abeyance from 146 to 46 (G. Dunst, Z. Pap. Ep. 1968, 143 ff.); but the reference to the Technitai of Dionysus at the Isthmus in 121/11 (Syll. 705) points to their continued performance (other evidence in Schwertfeger, 42–49).
</p>
<p rend="Plain Text">
<emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">τὸν ἐν Ὀλυμπίᾳ καὶ Δελφοῖς νεών</w>:</emph>
P. does not say which temples. For <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Delphi&groupId=534&placeId=363">Delphi</a> there is no evidence; but at <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Olympia&groupId=809&placeId=1462">Olympia</a> we hear of 21 golden shields being set up on the metopes of the Temple of Zeus (Paus. v. 10. 5), of a bronze inscribed statue of Zeus near the temple (Paus. v. 24. 4), and of an uninscribed one near the Altis wall (Paus. v. 24. 8). Remains have also been found of a large plinth, which carried statues of L. Mummius and the Ten Commissioners (Insch. Olymp. 320–4, with addition on p. 800). There is also a dedication by the city of <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Elis&groupId=560&placeId=1048">Elis</a> (Syll. 676 = Insch. Olymp. 319) and bases for dedications by Mummius to Olympian Zeus, probably consisting of equestrian statues of himself (Insch. Olymp. 278–81); see also Insch. Olymp. 52 ll. 53 f., 1. 64. For other dedications in Greece and for evidence concerning Mummius' dedications in <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Rome&groupId=935&placeId=1669">Rome</a> and other Italian towns see Mnzer, RE, 'L. Mummius (7a)', Nachtrag to vol. xvi. 1, cols. 1202–3; M. Guarducci, Bull. Mus. Impero Romano, 7, 1936, 41–49. For a recently discovered dedication to Hercules Victor (cf. ILS, 20) at <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Rome&groupId=935&placeId=1669">Rome</a> see F. Zevi, Rend. Pontif. Acc. Rom. Arch. 1969/70, 95–116; cf. Richter, AJA, 1971, 434; this, like other dedications by Mummius, dates to his censorship. See also CIL, i
<emph rend="superscript">2</emph>
. 627–31; ILS, 21–21 d; Strabo, viii. 6. 23, C. 381; and for evidence for the Ten see Schwertfeger, 19–20, n. 4.
</p>
<p rend="Plain Text">
<emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">ἐπεπορεύετο τὰς πόλεις</w>:</emph>
perhaps in emulation of L. Aemilius Paullus (cf. xxx. 10. 3–6 nn.).
</p>
39.6.3 - 39.6.3
<p rend="Plain Text">
<emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">ἐγκρατῶς καὶ καθαρῶς</w>:</emph>
for his honesty cf. Livy, ep. 52, 'ipse L. Mummius abstinentissimum uirum egit, nec quicquam ex his operibus ornamentisque, quae praediues Corinthos habuit, in domum eius peruenit.' But he acquired works of art on a large scale, from which he could make the dedications mentioned above, § 1 n. Toynbee (ii. 439) comments that 'this educational use of his Greek loot stigmatizes Mummius, too, as being a barbarian in his own sophisticated way.'
<milestone unit="page" n="736">[736]</milestone>
<emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">πρᾴως ἐχρήσατο τοῖς ὅλοις πράγμασι</w>:</emph>
his destruction of <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Corinth&groupId=493&placeId=928">Corinth</a> was of course on the Senate's orders.
</p>
39.6.4 - 39.6.4
<p rend="Plain Text">
<emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">παρεωρακέναι τι τῶν καθηκόντων</w>:</emph>
'to have deviated at all from what was fitting'; a euphemistic way of referring to a massacre (§ 5).
</p>
<p rend="Plain Text">
<emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">διὰ . . . τοὺς παρακειμένους φίλους</w>:</emph>
P. offers the same explanation of Philip V's misdeeds (cf. xiii. 4. 1–5. 6; Livy, xxxii. 5. 7; Diod. xxviii. 2 for Heracleides of Tarentum; vii. 14. 3 for Demetrius of <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Pharos&groupId=879&placeId=1586">Pharos</a>). It fits his view of character as something that develops and depends not only on a man's nature, but also on other factors, of which the influence of friends is one of the most important. See further iv. 8. 1–12, ix. 23. 1–4; Walbank, Polybius, 92–96.
</p>
Walbank Commentary