<head lang="la">VI. De Gallia</head><w lemma="%2Apolu%2Fbios">Πολύβιος</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="teta%2Frth%7C">τετάρτῃ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="triakosth%3D%7C">τριακοστῇ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28istoriw%3Dn">Ἱστοριῶν</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2Apurh%2Fnhn">Πυρήνην</w> <w lemma="fhsi%5Cn">φησὶν</w> <w lemma="e%28%2Fws">ἕως</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="%2Ana%2Frbwnos">Νάρβωνος</w> <w lemma="potamou%3D">ποταμοῦ</w> <w lemma="pedi%2Fon">πεδίον</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dnai">εἶναι</w>, <w lemma="di%27">δι᾽</w> <w lemma="ou%28%3D">οὗ</w> <w lemma="fe%2Fresqai">φέρεσθαι</w> <w lemma="potamou%5Cs">ποταμοὺς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29ille%2Fberin">Ἰλλέβεριν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2A%28ro%2Fskunon">Ῥόσκυνον</w>, <w lemma="r%28e%2Fontas">ῥέοντας</w> <w lemma="para%5C">παρὰ</w> <w lemma="po%2Fleis">πόλεις</w> <w lemma="o%28mwnu%2Fmous">ὁμωνύμους</w>, <w lemma="katoikoume%2Fnas">κατοικουμένας</w> <w lemma="u%28po%5C">ὑπὸ</w> <w lemma="%2Akeltw%3Dn">Κελτῶν</w>.
<w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="ou%29%3Dn">οὖν</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="pedi%2Fw%7C">πεδίῳ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftw%7C">τούτῳ</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dnai">εἶναι</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="legome%2Fnous">λεγομένους</w> <w lemma="i%29xqu%3Ds">ἰχθῦς</w> <w lemma="o%29ruktou%2Fs">ὀρυκτούς</w>.
<w lemma="ei%29%3Dnai">εἶναι</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="pedi%2Fon">πεδίον</w> <w lemma="lepto%2Fgeion">λεπτόγειον</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pollh%5Cn">πολλὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fgrwstin">ἄγρωστιν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fxon">ἔχον</w> <w lemma="pefukui%3Dan:">πεφυκυῖαν·</w> <w lemma="u%28po%5C">ὑπὸ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tau%2Fthn">ταύτην</w> <w lemma="dia%2Fmmou">διάμμου</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="gh%3Ds">γῆς</w> <w lemma="ou%29%2Fshs">οὔσης</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="du%2Fo">δύο</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="trei%3Ds">τρεῖς</w> <w lemma="ph%2Fxeis">πήχεις</w>, <w lemma="u%28porrei%3Dn">ὑπορρεῖν</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="plazo%2Fmenon">πλαζόμενον</w> <w lemma="a%29po%5C">ἀπὸ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="potamw%3Dn">ποταμῶν</w> <w lemma="u%28%2Fdwr">ὕδωρ</w>,
<w lemma="meq%27">μεθ᾽</w> <w lemma="ou%28%3D">οὗ</w> <w lemma="i%29xqu%2Fes">ἰχθύες</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="parekxu%2Fseis">παρεκχύσεις</w> <w lemma="u%28potre%2Fxontes">ὑποτρέχοντες</w> <w lemma="u%28po%5C">ὑπὸ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="gh%3Dn">γῆν</w> <w lemma="xa%2Frin">χάριν</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="trofh%3Ds">τροφῆς</w> — <w lemma="filhdou%3Dsi">φιληδοῦσι</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="a%29grw%2Fstews">ἀγρώστεως</w> <w lemma="r%28i%2Fzh%7C">ῥίζῃ</w> — <w lemma="pepoih%2Fkasi">πεποιήκασι</w> <w lemma="pa%3Dn">πᾶν</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="pedi%2Fon">πεδίον</w> <w lemma="plh%3Dres">πλῆρες</w> <w lemma="i%29xqu%2Fwn">ἰχθύων</w> <w lemma="u%28pogei%2Fwn">ὑπογείων</w>, <w lemma="ou%28%5Cs">οὓς</w> <w lemma="a%29noru%2Fttontes">ἀνορύττοντες</w> <w lemma="lamba%2Fnousin">λαμβάνουσιν</w>. —
<w lemma=""></w> <w lemma="%2Aperi%5C">Περὶ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rodanou%3D">Ῥοδανοῦ</w> <w lemma="stoma%2Ftwn">στομάτων</w> <w lemma="%2Apolu%2Fbios">Πολύβιος</w> <gap /><w lemma="e%29pitima%3D%7C">ἐπιτιμᾷ</w> <w lemma="%2Atimai%2Fw%7C">Τιμαίῳ</w>, <w lemma="fh%2Fsas">φήσας</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dnai">εἶναι</w> <w lemma="mh%5C">μὴ</w> <w lemma="penta%2Fstomon">πεντάστομον</w>, <w lemma="a%29lla%5C">ἀλλὰ</w> <w lemma="di%2Fstomon">δίστομον</w>. —
<w lemma=""></w> <w lemma="%2A%28o">Ὁ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="%2Ali%2Fghr">Λίγηρ</w> <w lemma="metacu%5C">μεταξὺ</w> <w lemma="%2Apikto%2Fnwn">Πικτόνων</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Anamnitw%3Dn">Ναμνιτῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29kba%2Fllei">ἐκβάλλει</w>. <w lemma="pro%2Fteron">πρότερον</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="%2Akorbilw%5Cn">Κορβιλὼν</w> <w lemma="u%28ph%3Drxen">ὑπῆρχεν</w> <w lemma="e%29mpo%2Frion">ἐμπόριον</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftw%7C">τούτῳ</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="potamw%3D%7C">ποταμῷ</w>, <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="h%28%3Ds">ἧς</w> <w lemma="ei%29%2Frhke">εἴρηκε</w> <w lemma="%2Apolu%2Fbios">Πολύβιος</w>, <w lemma="mnhsqei%5Cs">μνησθεὶς</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="u%28po%5C">ὑπὸ</w> <w lemma="%2Apuqe%2Fou">Πυθέου</w> <w lemma="muqologhqe%2Fntwn">μυθολογηθέντων</w>,
<w lemma="o%28%2Fti">ὅτι</w> <w lemma="%2Amassaliwtw%3Dn">Μασσαλιωτῶν</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="summica%2Fntwn">συμμιξάντων</w> <w lemma="%2Askipi%2Fwni">Σκιπίωνι</w> <w lemma="ou%29dei%5Cs">οὐδεὶς</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dxe">εἶχε</w> <w lemma="le%2Fgein">λέγειν</w> <w lemma="ou%29de%5Cn">οὐδὲν</w> <w lemma="mnh%2Fmhs">μνήμης</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fcion">ἄξιον</w>, <w lemma="e%29rwthqei%5Cs">ἐρωτηθεὶς</w> <w lemma="u%28po%5C">ὑπὸ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="%2Askipi%2Fwnos">Σκιπίωνος</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="%2Abrettannikh%3Ds">Βρετταννικῆς</w>, <w lemma="ou%29de%5C">οὐδὲ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="%2Ana%2Frbwnos">Νάρβωνος</w> <w lemma="ou%29de%5C">οὐδὲ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="%2Akorbilw%3Dnos">Κορβιλῶνος</w>, <w lemma="ai%28%2Fper">αἵπερ</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dsan">ἦσαν</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fristai">ἄρισται</w> <w lemma="po%2Fleis">πόλεις</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="tau%2Fth%7C">ταύτῃ</w>, <w lemma="%2Apuqe%2Fas">Πυθέας</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29qa%2Frrhse">ἐθάρρησε</w> <w lemma="tosau%3Dta">τοσαῦτα</w> <w lemma="yeu%2Fsasqai">ψεύσασθαι</w>. —
<w lemma=""></w> <w lemma="%2Afhsi%5C">Φησὶ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="%2Apolu%2Fbios">Πολύβιος</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="i%29dio%2Fmorfo%2Fn">ἰδιόμορφόν</w> <w lemma="ti">τι</w> <w lemma="genna%3Dsqai">γεννᾶσθαι</w> <w lemma="zw%3D%7Con">ζῷον</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="au%29tai%3Ds">αὐταῖς</w>, <w lemma="e%29lafoeide%5Cs">ἐλαφοειδὲς</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="sxh%3Dma">σχῆμα</w> <w lemma="plh%5Cn">πλὴν</w> <w lemma="au%29xe%2Fnos">αὐχένος</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="trixw%2Fmatos">τριχώματος</w>, <w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29oike%2Fnai">ἐοικέναι</w> <w lemma="ka%2Fprw%7C:">κάπρῳ·</w>
<w lemma="u%28po%5C">ὑπὸ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="genei%2Fw%7C">γενείῳ</w> <w lemma="purh%3Dna">πυρῆνα</w> <w lemma="i%29%2Fsxein">ἴσχειν</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Fson">ὅσον</w> <w lemma="spiqamiai%3Don">σπιθαμιαῖον</w> <w lemma="a%29kro%2Fkomon">ἀκρόκομον</w>, <w lemma="pwlikh%3Ds">πωλικῆς</w> <w lemma="ke%2Frkou">κέρκου</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fxos">πάχος</w>. —
<w lemma=""></w> <w lemma="%2A%29%2Feti">Ἔτι</w> <w lemma="fhsi%5C">φησὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Apolu%2Fbios">Πολύβιος</w> <w lemma="e%29f%27">ἐφ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%28autou%3D">ἑαυτοῦ</w> <w lemma="kat%27">κατ᾽</w> <w lemma="%2A%29akulhi%2Fan">Ἀκυληίαν</w> <w lemma="ma%2Flista">μάλιστα</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="%2Atauri%2Fskois">Ταυρίσκοις</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="%2Anwrikoi%3Ds">Νωρικοῖς</w> <w lemma="eu%28reqh%3Dnai">εὑρεθῆναι</w> <w lemma="xrusei%3Don">χρυσεῖον</w> <w lemma="ou%28%2Ftws">οὕτως</w> <w lemma="eu%29fue%5Cs">εὐφυὲς</w> <w lemma="w%28%2Fst%27">ὥστ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="du%2Fo">δύο</w> <w lemma="po%2Fdas">πόδας</w> <w lemma="a%29posu%2Franti">ἀποσύραντι</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29pipolh%3Ds">ἐπιπολῆς</w> <w lemma="gh%3Dn">γῆν</w> <w lemma="eu%29qu%5Cs">εὐθὺς</w> <w lemma="o%29rukto%5Cn">ὀρυκτὸν</w> <w lemma="eu%28ri%2Fskesqai">εὑρίσκεσθαι</w> <w lemma="xruso%2Fn">χρυσόν</w>.
<w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="o%29%2Frugma">ὄρυγμα</w> <w lemma="mh%5C">μὴ</w> <w lemma="pleio%2Fnwn">πλειόνων</w> <w lemma="u%28pa%2Frxein">ὑπάρχειν</w> <w lemma="h%29%5C">ἢ</w> <w lemma="pentekai%2Fdeka">πεντεκαίδεκα</w> <w lemma="podw%3Dn">ποδῶν</w>.
<w lemma="ei%29%3Dnai">εἶναι</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="xrusou%3D">χρυσοῦ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="au%29to%2Fqen">αὐτόθεν</w> <w lemma="kaqaro%2Fn">καθαρόν</w>, <w lemma="kua%2Fmou">κυάμου</w> <w lemma="me%2Fgeqos">μέγεθος</w> <w lemma="h%29%5C">ἢ</w> <w lemma="qe%2Frmou">θέρμου</w>, <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="o%29gdo%2Fou">ὀγδόου</w> <w lemma="me%2Frous">μέρους</w> <w lemma="mo%2Fnon">μόνον</w> <w lemma="a%29feyhqe%2Fntos">ἀφεψηθέντος</w>, <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="dei%3Dsqai">δεῖσθαι</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="xwnei%2Fas">χωνείας</w> <w lemma="plei%2Fonos">πλείονος</w>, <w lemma="sfo%2Fdra">σφόδρα</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="lusitelou%3Ds">λυσιτελοῦς</w>.
<w lemma="sunergasame%2Fnwn">συνεργασαμένων</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="barbaroi%3Ds">βαρβαροῖς</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29italiwtw%3Dn">Ἰταλιωτῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="dimh%2Fnw%7C">διμήνῳ</w>, <w lemma="paraxrh%3Dma">παραχρῆμα</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="xrusi%2Fon">χρυσίον</w> <w lemma="eu%29wno%2Fteron">εὐωνότερον</w> <w lemma="gene%2Fsqai">γενέσθαι</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="tri%2Ftw%7C">τρίτῳ</w> <w lemma="me%2Frei">μέρει</w> <w lemma="kaq%27">καθ᾽</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Flhn">ὅλην</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29itali%2Fan">Ἰταλίαν</w>.
<w lemma="ai%29sqome%2Fnous">αἰσθομένους</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="%2Atauri%2Fskous">Ταυρίσκους</w> <w lemma="monopwlei%3Dn">μονοπωλεῖν</w> <w lemma="e%29kbalo%2Fntas">ἐκβαλόντας</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="sunergazome%2Fnous">συνεργαζομένους</w>. —
<w lemma=""></w> <w lemma="%2A%28o">Ὁ</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="au%29to%5Cs">αὐτὸς</w> <w lemma="a%29nh%5Cr">ἀνὴρ</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="mege%2Fqous">μεγέθους</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29%2Falpewn">Ἄλπεων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="u%28%2Fyous">ὕψους</w> <w lemma="le%2Fgwn">λέγων</w> <w lemma="paraba%2Fllei">παραβάλλει</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="%2A%28%2Fellhsin">Ἕλλησιν</w> <w lemma="o%29%2Frh">ὄρη</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="me%2Fgista">μέγιστα</w>, <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="%2Atau+%2Fgeton">Ταΰγετον</w>, <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="%2Alu%2Fkaion">Λύκαιον</w>, <w lemma="%2Aparnasso%2Fn">Παρνασσόν</w>, <w lemma="%2A%29%2Folumpon">Ὄλυμπον</w>, <w lemma="%2Aph%2Flion">Πήλιον</w>, <w lemma="%2A%29%2Fossan">Ὄσσαν</w>, <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="%2Aqra%2F%7Ckh%7C">Θρᾴκῃ</w> <w lemma="%2Aai%28%3Dmon">Αἷμον</w>, <w lemma="%2A%28rodo%2Fphn">Ῥοδόπην</w>, <w lemma="%2Adou%2Fnaka">Δούνακα</w>.
<w lemma="kai%2F">καί</w> <w lemma="fhsin">φησιν</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Fti">ὅτι</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="e%28%2Fkaston">ἕκαστον</w> <w lemma="mikrou%3D">μικροῦ</w> <w lemma="dei%3Dn">δεῖν</w> <w lemma="au%29qhmero%5Cn">αὐθημερὸν</w> <w lemma="eu%29zw%2Fnois">εὐζώνοις</w> <w lemma="a%29nabh%3Dnai">ἀναβῆναι</w> <w lemma="dunato%2Fn">δυνατόν</w>, <w lemma="au%29qhmero%5Cn">αὐθημερὸν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="perielqei%3Dn">περιελθεῖν</w>,
<w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="%2A%29%2Falpeis">Ἄλπεις</w> <w lemma="ou%29d%27">οὐδ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29%5Cn">ἂν</w> <w lemma="pemptai%3Dos">πεμπταῖος</w> <w lemma="a%29nabai%2Fh">ἀναβαίη</w> <w lemma="tis:">τις·</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="mh%3Dko%2Fs">μῆκός</w> <w lemma="e%29sti">ἐστι</w> <w lemma="disxili%2Fwn">δισχιλίων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="diakosi%2Fwn">διακοσίων</w> <w lemma="stadi%2Fwn">σταδίων</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="parh%3Dkon">παρῆκον</w> <w lemma="para%5C">παρὰ</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="pedi%2Fa">πεδία</w>.
<w lemma="te%2Fttaras">τέτταρας</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="u%28perba%2Fseis">ὑπερβάσεις</w> <w lemma="o%29noma%2Fzei">ὀνομάζει</w> <w lemma="mo%2Fnon">μόνον</w>, <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="%2Aligu%2Fwn">Λιγύων</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fggista">ἔγγιστα</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="%2Aturrhnikw%3D%7C">Τυρρηνικῷ</w> <w lemma="pela%2Fgei">πελάγει</w>, <w lemma="ei%29%3Dta">εἶτα</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="%2Atauri%2Fnwn">Ταυρίνων</w>, <w lemma="h%28%5Cn">ἣν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29anni%2Fbas">Ἀννίβας</w> <w lemma="dih%3Dlqen">διῆλθεν</w>, <w lemma="ei%29%3Dta">εἶτα</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="%2Asalassw%3Dn">Σαλασσῶν</w>, <w lemma="teta%2Frthn">τετάρτην</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="%2A%28raitw%3Dn">Ῥαιτῶν</w>, <w lemma="a%28pa%2Fsas">ἁπάσας</w> <w lemma="krhmnw%2Fdeis">κρημνώδεις</w>.
<w lemma="li%2Fmnas">λίμνας</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dnai%2F">εἶναί</w> <w lemma="fhsin">φησιν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="o%29%2Fresi">ὄρεσι</w> <w lemma="plei%2Fous">πλείους</w> <w lemma="me%2Fn">μέν</w>, <w lemma="trei%3Ds">τρεῖς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="mega%2Flas">μεγάλας</w>, <w lemma="w%28%3Dn">ὧν</w> <w lemma="h%28">ἡ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="%2Abh%2Fnakos">Βήνακος</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fxei">ἔχει</w> <w lemma="mh%3Dkos">μῆκος</w> <w lemma="pentakosi%2Fwn">πεντακοσίων</w> <w lemma="stadi%2Fwn">σταδίων</w>, <w lemma="pla%2Ftos">πλάτος</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="e%28kato%5Cn">ἑκατὸν</w> <w lemma="tria%2Fkonta">τριάκοντα</w>, <w lemma="e%29krei%3D">ἐκρεῖ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="potamo%5Cs">ποταμὸς</w> <w lemma="%2Ami%2Fgkios:">Μίγκιος·</w>
<w lemma="h%28">ἡ</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%28ch%3Ds">ἑξῆς</w> <w lemma="%2Ala%2Frios">Λάριος</w> <w lemma="tetrakosi%2Fwn">τετρακοσίων</w>, <w lemma="pla%2Ftos">πλάτος</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="stenwte%2Fra">στενωτέρα</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="pro%2Fteron">πρότερον</w>, <w lemma="e%29ci%2Fhsi">ἐξίησι</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="potamo%5Cn">ποταμὸν</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29adou%2Fan:">Ἀδούαν·</w>
<w lemma="tri%2Fth">τρίτη</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="%2Aou%29erbano%5Cs">Οὐερβανὸς</w> <w lemma="mh%3Dkos">μῆκος</w> <w lemma="e%29ggu%5Cs">ἐγγὺς</w> <w lemma="triakosi%2Fwn">τριακοσίων</w> <w lemma="stadi%2Fwn">σταδίων</w>, <w lemma="pla%2Ftos">πλάτος</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tria%2Fkonta">τριάκοντα</w>, <w lemma="potamo%5Cn">ποταμὸν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="e%29ci%2Fhsi">ἐξίησι</w> <w lemma="me%2Fgan">μέγαν</w> <w lemma="%2Ati%2Fkinon">Τίκινον</w>. <w lemma="pa%2Fntes">πάντες</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Apa%2Fdon">Πάδον</w> <w lemma="surre%2Fousi">συρρέουσι</w>.
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<head>The Alps</head>From the <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Pyrenees&groupId=921&placeId=1650">Pyrenees</a> to the river <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Narbo&groupId=786&placeId=1423">Narbo</a> the country is<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note19">River Aude. The Tech and the Ruscino or Tet.</note>flat; and through it flow the <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Illeberis&groupId=646&placeId=1185">Illeberis</a> and Ruscinus, past some cities of the same name inhabited by Celts. In this plain there are found what are called underground fish.<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note20">A mistake of Timaeus as to the <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Rhone&groupId=933&placeId=1667">Rhone</a>.</note>The soil is light, and produces a quantity of grass called<foreign lang="la">agrostis;</foreign>and below this soil the earth is sandy for a depth of two or three cubits, through which the overflow of the river percolates; and with this water, as it makes its way, the fish also get below the soil to feed, for they are exceedingly fond of the root of the<foreign lang="la">agrostis,</foreign>and have thus made the whole plain full of subterranean fish, which people dig up and take. . . .The <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Rhone&groupId=933&placeId=1667">Rhone</a> has not five, but two mouths. . . .The Liger discharges itself between the Pictŏnes and Namnitae.<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note21"><a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Britain&groupId=409&placeId=759">Britain</a> is quite unknown to the southern Gauls.</note>There was in ancient times an emporium<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note22">The Loire between Poitou and Nantes. Coiron.</note>on this river called Corbilo, but none of its inhabitants, nor those of Massalia or <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Narbo&groupId=786&placeId=1423">Narbo</a>, could give Scipio<note anchored="yes" place="unspecified" id="note23">Which member of the Cornelian gens this was is unknown. He appears to have been at Marseilles in the 4th century B. C. inquiring as to centres of trade open to <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Rome&groupId=935&placeId=1669">Rome</a> in rivalry with <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Carthage&groupId=441&placeId=820">Carthage</a>.</note>any information worth mentioning on the subject of <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Britain&groupId=409&placeId=759">Britain</a> when questioned by him, though they were the most important cities in that part of the country; and yet Pytheas has ventured on all those stories about it. . . .<pb n="489" />An animal is produced on the <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Alps&groupId=313&placeId=609">Alps</a> of a peculiar form; its<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note24">The Elk.</note>shape is that of a stag except its neck and coat, which resemble that of a he-goat. Beneath its chin it has an excrescence about a span long, hairy at the end, about as thick as a colt's tail. . . .Near Aquileia, in the territory of the Noric Taurisci, in my<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note25">A gold mine near Aquileia.</note>own time a gold mine was discovered, so easy to work, that by scraping away the surface soil for two feet, gold could be found immediately. The seam of gold was not more than fifteen feet; some of it was found unmixed with alloy in nuggets of the size of a bean or lupine, only an eighth of it disappearing in the furnace; and some wanted more elaborate smelting, but would still pay thoroughly well. Accordingly, on the Italians joining the barbarians in working this mine, in two months the price of gold went down a third throughout <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Italy&groupId=656&placeId=1199">Italy</a>: and when the Taurisci found out that, they expelled their Italian fellowworkers and kept the monopoly themselves. . . .If we compare the mountains in Greece—<a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Taygetus&groupId=1009&placeId=1775">Taygetus</a>,<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note26">The four passes of the <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Alps&groupId=313&placeId=609">Alps</a>,—the Cornice, Argentière, Genèvre (Val d'Aosta), Cenis.</note>Lycaeus, <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Parnassus&groupId=844&placeId=1523">Parnassus</a>, Olympus, <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Pelion&groupId=855&placeId=1539">Pelion</a>, Ossa, and those in <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Thrace&groupId=1030&placeId=509">Thrace</a>—Haemus, Rhodope, Dunax, with the <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Alps&groupId=313&placeId=609">Alps</a>, we may state the case thus. Each one of the former may be ascended or skirted by an active traveller in a single day; but no one could ascend the <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Alps&groupId=313&placeId=609">Alps</a> even in five days, the distance from the plain being two thousand two hundred stades.<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note27">Lago di Garda, Lago di Como.</note><note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note28">Lago Maggiore.</note>There are but four passes, one through <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Liguria&groupId=689&placeId=1259">Liguria</a>, nearest the <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Tyrrhenian Sea&groupId=1054&placeId=1856">Tyrrhenian Sea</a>; the next through the Taurini, which was the one used by Hannibal; the third through the Salassi; and the last by the Rhaeti,<note anchored="yes" place="unspecified" id="note29">Varro (<title>Serv. ad Æn.</title><bibl n="Verg. A. 10.13" default="NO" valid="yes">10, 13</bibl>) adds a fifth by the Graian <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Alps&groupId=313&placeId=609">Alps</a>, i.e. Little St. Bernard.</note>all of them excessively precipitous. There are several lakes in the mountains, three of great size, the Benacus, five hundred by one hundred and thirty stades, out of which the Mincius flows; the Larius, four hundred stades long, and somewhat narrower than the Benacus, discharging the Addua; and thirdly, the Verbanus, about three hundred stades by thirty, from which comes a considerable<pb n="490" />river—the <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Ticinus&groupId=1038&placeId=1828">Ticinus</a>. All these three rivers discharge themselves into the Padus. . . .
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Walbank Commentary