Polybius, Histories
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Book 30 - Chapter 23

1
<head lang="la">II. Res Graeciae</head><w lemma="%2A%28%2Foti">Ὅτι</w> <w lemma="e%29cepole%2Fmhsan">ἐξεπολέμησαν</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="kairo%5Cn">καιρὸν</w> <w lemma="tou%3Dton">τοῦτον</w> <w lemma="%2Aknw%2Fsioi">Κνώσιοι</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="%2Agortuni%2Fwn">Γορτυνίων</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rauki%2Fous">Ῥαυκίους</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="sunqh%2Fkas">συνθήκας</w> <w lemma="e%29poih%2Fsanto">ἐποιήσαντο</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="a%29llh%2Flous">ἀλλήλους</w> <w lemma="e%29no%2Frkous">ἐνόρκους</w> <w lemma="mh%5C">μὴ</w> <w lemma="pro%2Fteron">πρότερον</w> <w lemma="lu%2Fsein">λύσειν</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="po%2Flemon">πόλεμον</w> <w lemma="pri%5Cn">πρὶν</w> <w lemma="h%29%5C">ἢ</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="kra%2Ftos">κράτος</w> <w lemma="e%28lei%3Dn">ἑλεῖν</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rau%3Dkon">Ῥαῦκον</w>.
2
<w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="%2A%28ro%2Fdioi">Ῥόδιοι</w> <w lemma="komisa%2Fmenoi">κομισάμενοι</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Akauni%2Fwn">Καυνίων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="qewrou%3Dntes">θεωροῦντες</w> <w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="katalh%2Fgousan">καταλήγουσαν</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="o%29rgh%5Cn">ὀργὴν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fwn">Ῥωμαίων</w>, <w lemma="e%29peidh%5C">ἐπειδὴ</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fntwn">πάντων</w> <w lemma="a%29kolou%2Fqws">ἀκολούθως</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="a%29pokri%2Fsesin">ἀποκρίσεσιν</w> <w lemma="e%29peiqa%2Frxhsan">ἐπειθάρχησαν</w>, <w lemma="eu%29qe%2Fws">εὐθέως</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="%2A%29aristote%2Flhn">Ἀριστοτέλην</w> <w lemma="presbeuta%5Cs">πρεσβευτὰς</w> <w lemma="katasth%2Fsantes">καταστήσαντες</w> <w lemma="e%29ce%2Fpempon">ἐξέπεμπον</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rw%2Fmhn">Ῥώμην</w>, <w lemma="do%2Fntes">δόντες</w> <w lemma="e%29ntola%5Cs">ἐντολὰς</w> <w lemma="peira%2Fzein">πειράζειν</w> <w lemma="pa%2Flin">πάλιν</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="summaxi%2Fas">συμμαχίας</w>.
3
<w lemma="oi%28%5C">οἳ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="paragenhqe%2Fntes">παραγενηθέντες</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rw%2Fmhn">Ῥώμην</w> <w lemma="qerei%2Fas">θερείας</w> <w lemma="a%29kmazou%2Fshs">ἀκμαζούσης</w> <w lemma="ei%29sh%3Dlqon">εἰσῆλθον</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="su%2Fgklhton">σύγκλητον</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="parauti%2Fka">παραυτίκα</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="pepeiqarxhke%2Fnai">πεπειθαρχηκέναι</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="dh%3Dmon">δῆμον</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29pitattome%2Fnois">ἐπιταττομένοις</w> <w lemma="diesa%2Ffoun">διεσάφουν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pareka%2Floun">παρεκάλουν</w> <w lemma="u%28pe%5Cr">ὑπὲρ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="summaxi%2Fas">συμμαχίας</w>, <w lemma="pollou%5Cs">πολλοὺς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="poiki%2Flous">ποικίλους</w> <w lemma="diatiqe%2Fmenoi">διατιθέμενοι</w> <w lemma="lo%2Fgous">λόγους</w>. <w lemma="h%28">ἡ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="su%2Fgklhtos">σύγκλητος</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fdwken">ἔδωκεν</w> <w lemma="a%29po%2Fkrisin">ἀπόκρισιν</w>,
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<w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="h%28%3D%7C">ᾗ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="fili%2Fan">φιλίαν</w> <w lemma="paresiw%2Fphse">παρεσιώπησε</w>, <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="summaxi%2Fas">συμμαχίας</w> <w lemma="ou%29k">οὐκ</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Ffh">ἔφη</w> <w lemma="kaqh%2Fkein">καθήκειν</w> <w lemma="au%28th%3D%7C">αὑτῇ</w> <w lemma="tou%3Dto">τοῦτο</w> <w lemma="sugxwrei%3Dn">συγχωρεῖν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rodi%2Fois">Ῥοδίοις</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="paro%2Fn">παρόν</w>. —
<head>Public Hatred of Callicrates and His Faction</head>In the <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Peloponnese&groupId=861&placeId=1552">Peloponnese</a>, when the ambassadors arrived and announced the answers from<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note41">The effect of the message from the Romans in the Achaean league.<foreign lang="la">Supra</foreign><ref target="b30c13" targOrder="U">ch. 13</ref>.</note><a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Rome&groupId=935&placeId=1669">Rome</a>, there was no longer mere clamour, but downright rage and hatred against Callicrates and his party. . . .An instance of the hatred entertained for Callicrates and<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note42">Unpopularity of Callicrates, Adronidas, and their party.</note>Adronidas, and the others who agreed with them, was this. The festival of the Antigoneia was being held at Sicyon,—the baths being all supplied with large public bathing tubs, and smaller ones placed by them used by bathers of the better sort,—if Adronidas or Callicrates entered one of these, not a single one of the bystanders would get into it any more, until the bathman had let every drop of water run out and filled it with fresh. They did this from the idea that they would be polluted by entering the same water as these men. Nor would it be easy to describe the hissing and hooting that took place at the public games in Greece when any one attempted to proclaim one of them victor. The very children in the streets as they returned from school ventured to call them traitors to their faces. To such height did the anger and hatred of these men go. . . .

Walbank Commentary

Overview
30.23.1 - 30.23.4
<p rend="Plain Text">Cretan and Rhodian matters</p> <p rend="Plain Text">This excerpt from de legat. gent. probably belongs to res Graeciae of Ol. 153, 2 = 167/6; see p. 32. Ullrich, 72, argues that the Rhodian events of this chapter are the last to show the influence of Zeno; but his argument rests on the assumption that 21 is based on Zeno and 23 is closely linked with it, and this is not proved. See xvi. 14. 2 n.</p>
Specifics
30.23.1 - 30.23.1
<p rend="Plain Text"> <emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">ἐξεπολέμησαν . . . Κνώσιοι μετὰ Γορτυνίων πρὸς τοὺς Ῥαυκίους</w>:</emph> on these Cretan cities see iv. 53. 1 (<a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Cnossus&groupId=482&placeId=904">Cnossus</a>), 53. 4 (Gortyn), xxii. 15. 1 (Rhaucus). After the affair of <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Apollonia&groupId=1066&placeId=1873">Apollonia</a> (xxviii. 14. 3 n.) Ptolemy VI intervened to settle the disputes between Gortyn and <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Cnossus&groupId=482&placeId=904">Cnossus</a> (GDI, 5015 = IC, iv. 181; Guarducci argues that by this agreement Gortyn recovered <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Apollonia&groupId=1066&placeId=1873">Apollonia</a>: see xxviii. 14. 3 n.), and the two cities are here allied against Rhaucus. An inscription (GDI, 5016 = IC, iv. 182) records the division of the territory of an unnamed city between <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Cnossus&groupId=482&placeId=904">Cnossus</a> and Gortyn, and Guarducci argues plausibly that it is Rhaucus. She makes the date 166/5 (IC, iv. 182), and is followed in this by van Effenterre, 266 n. 5 and Willetts, 239; but it must be 167/6. De Sanctis, Riv. fil. 1934, 386–7, rightly identified the treaty of IC, iv. 182 with that mentioned here, arguing that it recorded the proposed division to be made once Rhaucus was taken; the arrangements for the sharing of booty (ll. 14 ff.) recall the provisions of the Romano-Aetolian treaty of 211. The setting-up of the inscription will confirm that the operation was successful. </p>
30.23.2 - 30.23.2
<p rend="Plain Text"> <emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">τὰ περὶ τῶν Καυνίων</w>:</emph> cf. 21. 3 n. </p> <p rend="Plain Text"> <emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">Ἀριστοτέλην</w>:</emph> otherwise unknown. <milestone unit="page" n="447">[447]</milestone> </p>
30.23.3 - 30.23.3
<p rend="Plain Text"> <emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">θερείας ἀκμαζούσης</w>:</emph> probably June or July 166; cf. Pdech, Mthode, 461–2. </p> <p rend="Plain Text"> <emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">εἰσῆλθον εἰς τὴν σύγκλητον</w>:</emph> they were given an audience at once, despite the unusual time of arrival. </p>

Commentary