Polybius, Histories

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Book 30 - Chapter 11

1
<w lemma="%2A%28%2Foti">Ὅτι</w> <w lemma="%2Aai%29twloi%5C">Αἰτωλοὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="bi%2Fon">βίον</w> <w lemma="a%29po%5C">ἀπὸ</w> <w lemma="lh%7Cstei%2Fas">λῃστείας</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="toiau%2Fths">τοιαύτης</w> <w lemma="paranomi%2Fas">παρανομίας</w> <w lemma="ei%29w%2Fqeisan">εἰώθεισαν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fxein">ἔχειν</w>.
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<w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="e%28%2Fws">ἕως</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="e%29ch%3Dn">ἐξῆν</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="%2A%28%2Fellhnas">Ἕλληνας</w> <w lemma="fe%2Frein">φέρειν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="lehlatei%3Dn">λεηλατεῖν</w>, <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w> <w lemma="e%29pori%2Fzonto">ἐπορίζοντο</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="bi%2Fous">βίους</w>, <w lemma="pa%3Dsan">πᾶσαν</w> <w lemma="gh%3Dn">γῆν</w> <w lemma="h%28gou%2Fmenoi">ἡγούμενοι</w> <w lemma="polemi%2Fan:">πολεμίαν·</w>
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<w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fwn">Ῥωμαίων</w> <w lemma="e%29pista%2Fntwn">ἐπιστάντων</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="pra%2Fgmasi">πράγμασι</w> <w lemma="kwluqe%2Fntes">κωλυθέντες</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fcwqen">ἔξωθεν</w> <w lemma="e%29pikouri%2Fas">ἐπικουρίας</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="e%28autou%5Cs">ἑαυτοὺς</w> <w lemma="kath%2Fnthsan">κατήντησαν</w>.
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<w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pro%2Fteron">πρότερον</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="e%29mfu%2Flion">ἐμφύλιον</w> <w lemma="po%2Flemon">πόλεμον</w> <w lemma="ou%29k">οὐκ</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fstin">ἔστιν</w> <w lemma="o%28%5C">ὃ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="deinw%3Dn">δεινῶν</w> <w lemma="ou%29k">οὐκ</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fpracan:">ἔπραξαν·</w>
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<w lemma="braxei%3D">βραχεῖ</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29nw%2Fteron">ἀνώτερον</w> <w lemma="xro%2Fnw%7C">χρόνῳ</w> <w lemma="gegeume%2Fnoi">γεγευμένοι</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="fo%2Fnou">φόνου</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="kat%27">κατ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29llh%2Flwn">ἀλλήλων</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29arsinoi+%2Fan">Ἀρσινοΐαν</w> <w lemma="sfagai%3Ds">σφαγαῖς</w> <w lemma="e%28%2Ftoimoi">ἕτοιμοι</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="pa%3Dn">πᾶν</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dsan">ἦσαν</w>, <w lemma="a%29poteqhriwme%2Fnoi">ἀποτεθηριωμένοι</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="yuxa%2Fs">ψυχάς</w>, <w lemma="w%28%2Fste">ὥστε</w> <w lemma="mhde%5C">μηδὲ</w> <w lemma="boulh%5Cn">βουλὴν</w> <w lemma="dido%2Fnai">διδόναι</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="proestw%3Dsi">προεστῶσι</w>.
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<w lemma="dio%2Fper">διόπερ</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w> <w lemma="a%29krisi%2Fas">ἀκρισίας</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="paranomi%2Fas">παρανομίας</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="fo%2Fnou">φόνου</w> <w lemma="plh%2Frh">πλήρη</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2Aai%29twli%2Fan">Αἰτωλίαν</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="prattome%2Fnwn">πραττομένων</w> <w lemma="par%27">παρ᾽</w> <w lemma="au%29toi%3Ds">αὐτοῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="logismou%3D">λογισμοῦ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="proqe%2Fsews">προθέσεως</w> <w lemma="ou%29de%5Cn">οὐδὲν</w> <w lemma="e%29petelei%3Dto">ἐπετελεῖτο</w>, <w lemma="pa%2Fnta">πάντα</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="ei%29kh%3D%7C">εἰκῇ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="fu%2Frdhn">φύρδην</w> <w lemma="e%29pra%2Ftteto">ἐπράττετο</w>, <w lemma="kaqaperei%5C">καθαπερεὶ</w> <w lemma="lai%2Flapo%2Fs">λαίλαπός</w> <w lemma="tinos">τινος</w> <w lemma="e%29kpeptwkui%2Fas">ἐκπεπτωκυίας</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%2Fs">αὐτούς</w>. —
<head>The Greek Prisoners In Italy</head>The Aetolians had been accustomed to get their livelihood from plundering and such like lawless<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note23">The disturbed state of Aetolia</note>occupations; and as long as they were permitted to plunder and loot the Greeks, they got all they required from them, regarding every country as that of<pb n="417" />an enemy. But subsequently, when the Romans obtained the supremacy, they were prevented from this means of support, and accordingly turned upon each other. Even before this, in their civil war, there was no horror which they did not commit; and a little earlier still they had had a taste of mutual slaughter in the massacres at <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Arsinoe&groupId=370&placeId=700">Arsinoe</a>;<note anchored="yes" place="unspecified" id="note24">Called by Polybius in previous books <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Conope&groupId=489&placeId=919">Conope</a>, 4, 64: 5, 6. Its name was changed to <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Arsinoe&groupId=370&placeId=700">Arsinoe</a>, from its having been rebuilt and enlarged by <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Arsinoe&groupId=370&placeId=700">Arsinoe</a>, sister and wife of Ptolemy Philadelphus (<bibl n="Strab. 10.2.22" default="NO" valid="yes">Strabo, 10.2.22</bibl>). It was on the east bank of the Achelous. Its modern name is<term>Angelokastro.</term>The civil war in Aetolia alluded to here is mentioned in<bibl n="Liv. 41.25" default="NO" valid="yes">Livy, 41, 25</bibl>(B. C. 174). This particular massacre appears to have taken place in B. C. 168-167. Livy (<bibl n="Liv. 45.28" default="NO" valid="yes">45, 28</bibl>) narrates that Aemilius was met during his Greek tour in B. C. 167 by a crowd of Aetolians, in a miserable state of destitution, who informed him that five hundred and fifty Aetolian nobles had been massacred by Lyciscus and Tisippus, besides many driven into exile, and that the goods of both had been confiscated.</note>they were, therefore, ready for anything, and their minds were so infuriated that they would not allow their magistrates to have even a voice in their business. Aetolia, accordingly, was a scene of turbulence, lawlessness, and blood: nothing they undertook was done on any calculation or fixed plan; everything was conducted at haphazard and in confusion, as though a hurricane had burst upon them. . . .