Polybius, Histories

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Book 3 - Chapter 10

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<w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="tau%2Ftas">ταύτας</w> <w lemma="die%2Ftribe">διέτριβε</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="pra%2Fceis">πράξεις</w>. <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fwn">Ῥωμαίων</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="katalu%2Fsasqai">καταλύσασθαι</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdoni%2Fous">Καρχηδονίους</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="proeirhme%2Fnhn">προειρημένην</w> <w lemma="taraxh%5Cn">ταραχὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29paggeila%2Fntwn">ἀπαγγειλάντων</w> <w lemma="au%29toi%3Ds">αὐτοῖς</w> <w lemma="po%2Flemon">πόλεμον</w>, <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="prw%3Dton">πρῶτον</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="pa%3Dn">πᾶν</w> <w lemma="sugkate%2Fbainon">συγκατέβαινον</w>, <w lemma="u%28polamba%2Fnontes">ὑπολαμβάνοντες</w> <w lemma="au%28tou%5Cs">αὑτοὺς</w> <w lemma="nikh%2Fsein">νικήσειν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="dikai%2Fois">δικαίοις</w>, <w lemma="kaqa%2Fper">καθάπερ</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="pro%5C">πρὸ</w> <w lemma="tau%2Fths">ταύτης</w> <w lemma="bu%2Fblois">βύβλοις</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w> <w lemma="dedhlw%2Fkamen">δεδηλώκαμεν</w>,
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<w lemma="w%28%3Dn">ὧν</w> <w lemma="xwri%5Cs">χωρὶς</w> <w lemma="ou%29x">οὐχ</w> <w lemma="oi%28%3Do%2Fn">οἷόν</w> <w lemma="t%27">τ᾽</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w> <w lemma="sumperienexqh%3Dnai">συμπεριενεχθῆναι</w> <w lemma="deo%2Fntws">δεόντως</w> <w lemma="ou%29%2Fte">οὔτε</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="nu%3Dn">νῦν</w> <w lemma="legome%2Fnois">λεγομένοις</w> <w lemma="ou%29%2Fte">οὔτε</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="r%28hqhsome%2Fnois">ῥηθησομένοις</w> <w lemma="u%28f%27">ὑφ᾽</w> <w lemma="h%28mw%3Dn">ἡμῶν</w>.
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<w lemma="plh%5Cn">πλὴν</w> <w lemma="ou%29k">οὐκ</w> <w lemma="e%29ntrepome%2Fnwn">ἐντρεπομένων</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fwn">Ῥωμαίων</w>, <w lemma="ei%29%2Fcantes">εἴξαντες</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="perista%2Fsei">περιστάσει</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="baruno%2Fmenoi">βαρυνόμενοι</w> <w lemma="me%2Fn">μέν</w>, <w lemma="ou%29k">οὐκ</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fxontes">ἔχοντες</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="poiei%3Dn">ποιεῖν</w> <w lemma="ou%29de%5Cn">οὐδὲν</w> <w lemma="e%29cexw%2Frhsan">ἐξεχώρησαν</w> <w lemma="%2Asardo%2Fnos">Σαρδόνος</w>, <w lemma="sunexw%2Frhsan">συνεχώρησαν</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="ei%29soi%2Fsein">εἰσοίσειν</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Flla">ἄλλα</w> <w lemma="xi%2Flia">χίλια</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="diako%2Fsia">διακόσια</w> <w lemma="ta%2Flanta">τάλαντα</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="pro%2Fteron">πρότερον</w> <w lemma="e%29f%27">ἐφ᾽</w> <w lemma="w%28%3D%7C">ᾧ</w> <w lemma="mh%5C">μὴ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="po%2Flemon">πόλεμον</w> <w lemma="e%29kei%2Fnois">ἐκείνοις</w> <w lemma="a%29nade%2Fcasqai">ἀναδέξασθαι</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="kairoi%3Ds">καιροῖς</w>.
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<w lemma="dio%5C">διὸ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="deute%2Fran">δευτέραν</w>, <w lemma="megi%2Fsthn">μεγίστην</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tau%2Fthn">ταύτην</w> <w lemma="qete%2Fon">θετέον</w> <w lemma="ai%29ti%2Fan">αἰτίαν</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="susta%2Fntos">συστάντος</w> <w lemma="pole%2Fmou">πολέμου</w>.
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<w lemma="%2A%29ami%2Flkas">Ἀμίλκας</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="proslabw%5Cn">προσλαβὼν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="i%29di%2Fois">ἰδίοις</w> <w lemma="qumoi%3Ds">θυμοῖς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftois">τούτοις</w> <w lemma="o%29rgh%5Cn">ὀργὴν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="politw%3Dn">πολιτῶν</w>, <w lemma="w%28s">ὡς</w> <w lemma="qa%3Dtton">θᾶττον</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="a%29posta%2Fntas">ἀποστάντας</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="misqofo%2Frwn">μισθοφόρων</w> <w lemma="katapolemh%2Fsas">καταπολεμήσας</w> <w lemma="e%29bebai%2Fwse">ἐβεβαίωσε</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="patri%2Fdi">πατρίδι</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29sfa%2Fleian">ἀσφάλειαν</w>, <w lemma="eu%29qe%2Fws">εὐθέως</w> <w lemma="e%29poiei%3Dto">ἐποιεῖτο</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="o%28rmh%5Cn">ὁρμὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29ibhri%2Fan">Ἰβηρίαν</w> <w lemma="pra%2Fgmata">πράγματα</w>, <w lemma="spouda%2Fzwn">σπουδάζων</w> <w lemma="tau%2Fth%7C">ταύτῃ</w> <w lemma="xrh%2Fsasqai">χρήσασθαι</w> <w lemma="paraskeuh%3D%7C">παρασκευῇ</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fwn">Ῥωμαίων</w> <w lemma="po%2Flemon">πόλεμον</w>. <w lemma="h%28%5Cn">ἣν</w> <w lemma="dh%5C">δὴ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tri%2Fthn">τρίτην</w> <w lemma="ai%29ti%2Fan">αἰτίαν</w> <w lemma="nomiste%2Fon">νομιστέον</w>,
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<w lemma="le%2Fgw">λέγω</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="eu%29%2Froian">εὔροιαν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="kat%27">κατ᾽</w> <w lemma="%2A%29ibhri%2Fan">Ἰβηρίαν</w> <w lemma="pragma%2Ftwn">πραγμάτων</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdoni%2Fois">Καρχηδονίοις</w>. <w lemma="tau%2Ftais">ταύταις</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="xersi%5C">χερσὶ</w> <w lemma="pisteu%2Fsantes">πιστεύσαντες</w> <w lemma="eu%29qarsw%3Ds">εὐθαρσῶς</w> <w lemma="e%29ne%2Fbhsan">ἐνέβησαν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="proeirhme%2Fnon">προειρημένον</w> <w lemma="po%2Flemon">πόλεμον</w>.
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<w lemma=""></w> <w lemma="%2A%28%2Foti">Ὅτι</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="%2A%29ami%2Flkas">Ἀμίλκας</w> <w lemma="plei%3Dsta">πλεῖστα</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="suneba%2Fleto">συνεβάλετο</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="su%2Fstasin">σύστασιν</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="deute%2Frou">δευτέρου</w> <w lemma="pole%2Fmou">πολέμου</w>, <w lemma="kai%2Fper">καίπερ</w> <w lemma="teteleuthkw%5Cs">τετελευτηκὼς</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Ftesi">ἔτεσι</w> <w lemma="de%2Fka">δέκα</w> <w lemma="pro%2Fteron">πρότερον</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="katarxh%3Ds">καταρχῆς</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%3D">αὐτοῦ</w>, <w lemma="polla%5C">πολλὰ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="a%29%5Cn">ἂν</w> <w lemma="eu%28%2Froi">εὕροι</w> <w lemma="tis">τις</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="tou%3Dto:">τοῦτο·</w> <w lemma="sxedo%5Cn">σχεδὸν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w>
<head>Second Cause of the War</head>When the Romans, at the conclusion of this mercenary<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note23">B.C. 238.<ref target="b1c88" targOrder="U">Bk. i. ch. 88</ref>. Second cause.</note>war, proclaimed war with <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Carthage&groupId=441&placeId=820">Carthage</a>, the latter at first was inclined to resist at all hazards, because the goodness of her cause gave her hopes of victory,—as I have shown in my former book, without which it would be impossible to understand adequately either this or what is to follow. The Romans, however, would not listen to anything: and the Carthaginians therefore yielded to the force of circumstances; and though feeling bitterly aggrieved, yet being quite unable to do anything, evacuated <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Sardinia&groupId=947&placeId=1685">Sardinia</a>, and consented<pb n="175" />to pay a sum of twelve hundred talents, in addition to the former indemnity paid them, on condition of avoiding the war at that time. This is the second and the most important cause of the subsequent war. For Hamilcar, having this public grievance in addition to his private feelings of anger, as soon as he had secured his country's safety by reducing the rebellious mercenaries, set at once about securing the Carthaginian power in Iberia with the intention of using it as a base of operations against <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Rome&groupId=935&placeId=1669">Rome</a>.<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note24">Third cause.</note>So that I record as a third cause of the war the Carthaginian success in Iberia: for it was the confidence inspired by their forces there which encouraged them to embark upon it. It would be easy to adduce other facts to show that Hamilcar, though he had been dead ten years at its commencement, largely contributed to bring about the second Punic war, but what I am about to say will be sufficient to establish the fact.