Polybius, Histories
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Book 29 - Chapter 22

1
<head lang="la">III. Res Pergami</head><w lemma="%2A%28%2Foti">Ὅτι</w> <w lemma="%2Aeu%29me%2Fnhs">Εὐμένης</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="basileu%5Cs">βασιλεὺς</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="%2Aperse%2Fws">Περσέως</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fwn">Ῥωμαίων</w> <w lemma="ma%2Fxhs">μάχης</w> <w lemma="suntetelesme%2Fnhs">συντετελεσμένης</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="para%2Flogon">παράλογον</w> <w lemma="e%29ne%2Fpese">ἐνέπεσε</w> <w lemma="dia%2Fqesin">διάθεσιν</w>, <w lemma="w%28s">ὡς</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="polloi%2F">πολλοί</w> <w lemma="fasin">φασιν</w>, <w lemma="w%28s">ὡς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="ta%29nqrw%2Fpina">τἀνθρώπινα</w> <w lemma="pra%2Fgmata">πράγματα</w> <w lemma="fu%2Fsin">φύσιν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fxei">ἔχει</w> <w lemma="gi%2Fnesqai">γίνεσθαι</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="plei%3Dston">πλεῖστον</w>, <w lemma="ei%29%2Fs">εἴς</w> <w lemma="ti">τι</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="ei%29wqo%2Ftwn">εἰωθότων</w> <w lemma="sumbai%2Fnein:">συμβαίνειν·</w>
2
<w lemma="i%28kanh%5C">ἱκανὴ</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="h%28">ἡ</w> <w lemma="tu%2Fxh">τύχη</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="para%5C">παρὰ</w> <w lemma="lo%2Fgon">λόγον</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="lo%2Fgon">λόγον</w> <w lemma="e%29pitri%3Dyai">ἐπιτρῖψαι</w>, <w lemma="ka%29%2Fn">κἄν</w> <w lemma="tini">τινι</w> <w lemma="sunergh%2Fsh%7C">συνεργήσῃ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="prosqh%3Dtai">προσθῆται</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="au%28th%3Ds">αὑτῆς</w> <w lemma="r%28oph%2Fn">ῥοπήν</w>, <w lemma="au%29%3Dqis">αὖθις</w> <w lemma="oi%28%3Don">οἷον</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="metamelei%2Fas">μεταμελείας</w> <w lemma="a%29ntishkou%3Dn">ἀντισηκοῦν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="lumai%2Fnesqai">λυμαίνεσθαι</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="katorqw%2Fmata">κατορθώματα</w> <w lemma="para%5C">παρὰ</w> <w lemma="po%2Fdas">πόδας</w>.
3
<w lemma="o%28%5C">ὃ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="to%2Fte">τότε</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Aeu%29me%2Fnh">Εὐμένη</w> <w lemma="gene%2Fsqai">γενέσθαι</w> <w lemma="sune%2Fpese:">συνέπεσε·</w>
4
<w lemma="do%2Fcas">δόξας</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="ma%2Flista">μάλιστα</w> <w lemma="to%2Fte">τότε</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="i%29di%2Fan">ἰδίαν</w> <w lemma="a%29rxh%5Cn">ἀρχὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="a%29sfalei%3D">ἀσφαλεῖ</w> <w lemma="bebhke%2Fnai">βεβηκέναι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pollh%5Cn">πολλὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29pife%2Frein">ἐπιφέρειν</w> <w lemma="r%28a%7Cstw%2Fnhn">ῥᾳστώνην</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="e%28ch%3Ds">ἑξῆς</w> <w lemma="xro%2Fnon">χρόνον</w>, <w lemma="a%28%2Fte">ἅτε</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="%2Aperse%2Fws">Περσέως</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="kaqo%2Flou">καθόλου</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="%2Amakedoni%2Fa%7C">Μακεδονίᾳ</w> <w lemma="basilei%2Fas">βασιλείας</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Frdhn">ἄρδην</w> <w lemma="a%29nh%7Crhme%2Fnhs">ἀνῃρημένης</w>, <w lemma="to%2Fte">τότε</w> <w lemma="megi%2Fstois">μεγίστοις</w> <w lemma="e%29neku%2Frhse">ἐνεκύρησε</w> <w lemma="kindu%2Fnois">κινδύνοις</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29asi%2Fan">Ἀσίαν</w> <w lemma="%2Agalatw%3Dn">Γαλατῶν</w> <w lemma="a%29nuponoh%2Ftws">ἀνυπονοήτως</w> <w lemma="sunecanasta%2Fntwn">συνεξαναστάντων</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="kairoi%3Ds">καιροῖς</w>.
<head>Further Problems for Eumenes</head>After the conclusion of the battle between Perseus and<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note36">The unexpected always happens.</note>the Romans, king Eumenes found himself in what people call an unexpected and extraordinary trouble, but what, if we regard the natural course of human concerns, was quite an everyday affair. For it is quite the way of Fortune to confound human calculations by surprises; and when she has helped a man for a time, and caused her balance to incline in his favour, to turn round upon him as though she repented, throw her weight into the opposite scale, and mar all his successes.<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note37">Eumenes disappointed of his hope of quiet by arising in Galatia</note>And this was the case now with Eumenes. He imagined that at last his own kingdom was safe, and that he might look forward to a time of ease, now that Perseus and the whole kingdom of Macedonia<pb n="402" />were utterly destroyed; yet it was then that he was confronted with the gravest dangers, by the Gauls in Asia seizing the opportunity for an unexpected rising. . . .<note anchored="yes" type="summary" place="inline" resp="ess" id="note38">After reigning in <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Memphis&groupId=752&placeId=1371">Memphis</a> for a time Philometor made terms with his brother and sister, returned to <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Alexandria&groupId=1063&placeId=1868">Alexandria</a>, and there all three were being besieged by Antiochus. See above,<ref target="b28c18" targOrder="U">28, 18.</ref></note>

Walbank Commentary

Overview
29.22.1 - 29.22.4
<p rend="Plain Text">. Eumenes under attack from the Galatians</p> <p rend="Plain Text"> This excerpt from de sent. forms part of res Asiae of Ol. 152, 4 = 169/8; see p. 29. Eumenes' absence from the <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Pydna&groupId=919&placeId=1647">Pydna</a> campaign (he had sent Attalus and Athenaeus to help the Romans: cf. Livy, xliv. 28. 7, 36. 8; Meritt, Hesp. 1936, 429 no. 17 ll. 14 ff.; Magie, ii. 766 n. 61) is explained by Hansen <emph rend="superscript">2</emph> , 120, as due to the Galatian rising; but that did not occur until after <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Pydna&groupId=919&placeId=1647">Pydna</a> (§ 4; Niese, iii. 199). Eumenes operated in Greece against Perseus in 171 (Livy, xlii. 55–67) and at sea, along with the Roman fleet, in 169 (Livy, xliv. 10. 12–13. 10). Gauls had served in the Pergamene forces and had suffered losses in 171 (Livy, xlii. 57. 9) and 168 (Livy, xliv. 28. 7–14), which may have helped to precipitate the revolt (Niese, iii. 199). With the present passage compare Diod. xxxi. 12. </p>
Specifics
29.22.1 - 29.22.1
<p rend="Plain Text"> <emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">εἰς παράλογον . . . διάθεσιν κτλ</w>.:</emph> Eumenes' misfortunes offer a further example of the working of Tyche (cf. 21. 5), which Diodorus developed still further by bringing Aemilius' misfortunes into the picture (21. 1–9 n.). </p>
29.22.2 - 29.22.2
<p rend="Plain Text"> <emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">ἱκανὴ . . . ἡ τύχη . . . ἐπιτρῖψαι</w></emph> cf. Diod. xxxi. 12, <w lang="el-GR">ἀγαθὴ γὰρ ἡ τύχη τὰ βεβηκέναι δοκοῦντα ἀσφαλῶς ἀνατρέψαι</w> (Polybian with verbal variants); on capricious Fortune see Vol. I, pp. 18–19. </p> <p rend="Plain Text"> <emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">ἀντισηκοῦν</w>:</emph> 'to compensate': the word continues the metaphor of <w lang="el-GR">προσθῆται τὴν αὑτῆς ῥοπήν</w>; cf. Diod. xxxi. 12, <w lang="el-GR">κἂν συναγωνίσηταί τι, πάλιν ἐκ μεταβολῆς ἀντισηκοῦν καὶ λυμαίνεσθαι τὰ κατορθωθέντα</w>. </p>
29.22.4 - 29.22.4
<p rend="Plain Text"> <emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">τῶν . . . Γαλατῶν</w> . . .</emph> 〈 <emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">συν</w></emph> 〉 <emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">εξαναστάντων τοῖς καιροῖς</w></emph> for a possible <milestone unit="page" n="395">[395]</milestone> incident from the early stages of the revolt see Polyaen. iv. 8. 1; Niese, iii. 199; Hansen <emph rend="superscript">2</emph> , 121; Magie, ii. 766 n. 62. Holleaux (tudes, ii. 163 n. 2) dates it, however, to 167. On the later course of the revolt see xxx. 1. 2 n. </p>

Commentary