Polybius, Histories

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Book 27 - Chapter 11

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<w lemma="%2Ake%2Fstros">Κέστρος</w>. <w lemma="ce%2Fnon">ξένον</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w> <w lemma="tou%3Dto">τοῦτο</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="eu%28%2Frhma">εὕρημα</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Apersiko%5Cn">Περσικὸν</w> <w lemma="po%2Flemon">πόλεμον</w>.
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<w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="be%2Flos">βέλος</w> <w lemma="toiou%3Dton:">τοιοῦτον·</w> <w lemma="dipa%2Flaiston">διπάλαιστον</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w>, <w lemma="i%29%2Fson">ἴσον</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fxon">ἔχον</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="au%29li%2Fskon">αὐλίσκον</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="probolh%3D%7C">προβολῇ</w>. <w lemma="tou%2Ftw%7C">τούτῳ</w> <w lemma="cu%2Flon">ξύλον</w> <w lemma="e%29nh%2Frmosto">ἐνήρμοστο</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="mh%2Fkei">μήκει</w> <w lemma="spiqamiai%3Don">σπιθαμιαῖον</w>,
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<w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fxei">πάχει</w> <w lemma="daktuliai%2Fan">δακτυλιαίαν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fxon">ἔχον</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="dia%2Fmetron">διάμετρον</w>.
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<w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftou">τούτου</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="me%2Fson">μέσον</w> <w lemma="e%29sfh%2Fnwto">ἐσφήνωτο</w> <w lemma="pteru%2Fgia">πτερύγια</w> <w lemma="tri%2Fa">τρία</w> <w lemma="cu%2Flina">ξύλινα</w>, <w lemma="braxe%2Fa">βραχέα</w> <w lemma="pantelw%3Ds">παντελῶς</w>.
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<w lemma="tou%3Dto">τοῦτο</w>, <w lemma="duei%3Dn">δυεῖν</w> <w lemma="kw%2Flwn">κώλων</w> <w lemma="a%29ni%2Fswn">ἀνίσων</w> <w lemma="u%28parxo%2Fntwn">ὑπαρχόντων</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="sfendo%2Fnhs">σφενδόνης</w>, <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="me%2Fson">μέσον</w> <w lemma="e%29nhgkuli%2Fzeto">ἐνηγκυλίζετο</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="kw%2Flwn">κώλων</w> <w lemma="eu%29lu%2Ftws">εὐλύτως</w>.
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<w lemma="loipo%5Cn">λοιπὸν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="periagwgh%3D%7C">περιαγωγῇ</w> <w lemma="tetame%2Fnwn">τεταμένων</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fmenen:">ἔμενεν·</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Fte">ὅτε</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="paraluqei%2Fh">παραλυθείη</w> <w lemma="qa%2Fteron">θάτερον</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="kw%2Flwn">κώλων</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Ffesin">ἄφεσιν</w>, <w lemma="e%29kpi%3Dpton">ἐκπῖπτον</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="a%29gku%2Flhs">ἀγκύλης</w> <w lemma="kaqaperei%5C">καθαπερεὶ</w>
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<w lemma="molubdi%5Cs">μολυβδὶς</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="sfendo%2Fnhs">σφενδόνης</w> <w lemma="e%29fe%2Freto">ἐφέρετο</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="prospi%3Dpton">προσπῖπτον</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="biai%2Fas">βιαίας</w> <w lemma="plhgh%3Ds">πληγῆς</w> <w lemma="kakw%3Ds">κακῶς</w> <w lemma="dieti%2Fqei">διετίθει</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="sugkurh%2Fsantas">συγκυρήσαντας</w>. —
<head>Invention of the Cestros</head>The<foreign lang="la">cestros</foreign>was a novel invention, made during the war<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note29">A new kind of missile used in the army of Perseus.</note>with Perseus. This weapon consisted of an iron bolt two palms long, half of which was spike, and half a tube for the reception of the wooden shaft which was fixed into the tube, and measured a span in length and a finger-breadth in diameter. At the middle point of the shaft three wooden "plumes" were morticed in. The sling had thongs of unequal length, and on the leather between them the missile was loosely set. When the sling was being swung round, with the two thongs taut, the missile kept its place; but when the slinger let go one of the thongs, it flew from the leather like a leaden bullet, and was projected from the sling with such force as to inflict a very grievous wound upon any one whom it hit.<note anchored="yes" place="unspecified" id="note30">Livy, who translates this passage, calls the missile a<foreign lang="la">cestrosphendona</foreign>(<bibl n="Liv. 42.65" default="NO" valid="yes">42, 65</bibl>).</note>