Polybius, Histories

Layout
Translation

Book 21 - Chapter 13

1
<w lemma="%2A%28%2Foti">Ὅτι</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="%2A%29anti%2Foxos">Ἀντίοχος</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="naumaxi%2Fan">ναυμαχίαν</w> <w lemma="genome%2Fnhn">γενομένην</w> <w lemma="h%28%3Dttan">ἧτταν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="%2Asa%2Frdesin">Σάρδεσιν</w> <w lemma="pariei%5Cs">παριεὶς</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="kairou%5Cs">καιροὺς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="katame%2Fllwn">καταμέλλων</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Flois">ὅλοις</w>,
2
<w lemma="a%28%2Fma">ἅμα</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="puqe%2Fsqai">πυθέσθαι</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="polemi%2Fwn">πολεμίων</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="dia%2Fbasin">διάβασιν</w> <w lemma="suntribei%5Cs">συντριβεὶς</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="dianoi%2Fa%7C">διανοίᾳ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="duselpisth%2Fsas">δυσελπιστήσας</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fkrinen">ἔκρινεν</w> <w lemma="diape%2Fmpesqai">διαπέμπεσθαι</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Aleu%2Fkion">Λεύκιον</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Apo%2Fplion">Πόπλιον</w> <w lemma="u%28pe%5Cr">ὑπὲρ</w> <w lemma="dialu%2Fsewn">διαλύσεων</w>.
3
<w lemma="proxeirisa%2Fmenos">προχειρισάμενος</w> <w lemma="ou%29%3Dn">οὖν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28hraklei%2Fdhn">Ἡρακλείδην</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Abuza%2Fntion">Βυζάντιον</w> <w lemma="e%29ce%2Fpemye">ἐξέπεμψε</w>, <w lemma="dou%5Cs">δοὺς</w> <w lemma="e%29ntola%5Cs">ἐντολὰς</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Fti">ὅτι</w> <w lemma="paraxwrei%3D">παραχωρεῖ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Alamyakhnw%3Dn">Λαμψακηνῶν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Asmurnai%2Fwn">Σμυρναίων</w>, <w lemma="e%29%2Fti">ἔτι</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29alecandre%2Fwn">Ἀλεξανδρέων</w> <w lemma="po%2Flews">πόλεως</w>, <w lemma="e%29c">ἐξ</w> <w lemma="w%28%3Dn">ὧν</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="po%2Flemos">πόλεμος</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Flabe">ἔλαβε</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="a%29rxa%2Fs:">ἀρχάς·</w>
4
<w lemma="o%28moi%2Fws">ὁμοίως</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="ka%29%2Fn">κἄν</w> <w lemma="tinas">τινας</w> <w lemma="e%28te%2Fras">ἑτέρας</w> <w lemma="u%28fairei%3Dsqai">ὑφαιρεῖσθαι</w> <w lemma="bou%2Flwntai">βούλωνται</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2Aai%29oli%2Fda">Αἰολίδα</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29iwni%2Fan">Ἰωνίαν</w>, <w lemma="o%28%2Fsai">ὅσαι</w> <w lemma="ta%29kei%2Fnwn">τἀκείνων</w> <w lemma="h%28%2F%7Crhntai">ᾕρηνται</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="e%29nestw%3Dta">ἐνεστῶτα</w> <w lemma="po%2Flemon">πόλεμον</w>.
5
<w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftois">τούτοις</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Fti">ὅτι</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="h%28mi%2Fseian">ἡμίσειαν</w> <w lemma="dw%2Fsei">δώσει</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="gegenhme%2Fnhs">γεγενημένης</w> <w lemma="sfi%2Fsi">σφίσι</w> <w lemma="dapa%2Fnhs">δαπάνης</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="au%29to%5Cn">αὐτὸν</w> <w lemma="diafora%2Fn">διαφοράν</w>.
6
<w lemma="tau%2Ftas">ταύτας</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ou%29%3Dn">οὖν</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="pempo%2Fmenos">πεμπόμενος</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dxe">εἶχε</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="e%29ntola%5Cs">ἐντολὰς</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="koino%5Cn">κοινὸν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fnteucin">ἔντευξιν</w>, <w lemma="i%29di%2Fa%7C">ἰδίᾳ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Apo%2Fplion">Πόπλιον</w> <w lemma="e%28te%2Fras">ἑτέρας</w>, <w lemma="u%28pe%5Cr">ὑπὲρ</w> <w lemma="w%28%3Dn">ὧν</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="me%2Fros">μέρος</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="e%28ch%3Ds">ἑξῆς</w> <w lemma="dhlw%2Fsomen">δηλώσομεν</w>.
7
<w lemma="a%29fiko%2Fmenos">ἀφικόμενος</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28ellh%2Fsponton">Ἑλλήσποντον</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="proeirhme%2Fnos">προειρημένος</w> <w lemma="presbeuth%5Cs">πρεσβευτὴς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="katalabw%5Cn">καταλαβὼν</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fous">Ῥωμαίους</w> <w lemma="me%2Fnontas">μένοντας</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="stratopedei%2Fas">στρατοπεδείας</w>, <w lemma="ou%28%3D">οὗ</w> <w lemma="prw%3Dton">πρῶτον</w> <w lemma="kateskh%2Fnwsan">κατεσκήνωσαν</w> <w lemma="a%29po%5C">ἀπὸ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="diaba%2Fsews">διαβάσεως</w>,
8
<w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="a%29rxa%5Cs">ἀρχὰς</w> <w lemma="h%28%2Fsqh">ἥσθη</w>, <w lemma="nomi%2Fzwn">νομίζων</w> <w lemma="au%28tw%3D%7C">αὑτῷ</w> <w lemma="sunergo%5Cn">συνεργὸν</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dnai">εἶναι</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fnteucin">ἔντευξιν</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="me%2Fnein">μένειν</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="u%28pokeime%2Fnwn">ὑποκειμένων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="mhde%5Cn">μηδὲν</w> <w lemma="w%28rmhke%2Fnai">ὡρμηκέναι</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="e%28ch%3Ds">ἑξῆς</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="u%28penanti%2Fous">ὑπεναντίους</w>,
9
<w lemma="puqo%2Fmenos">πυθόμενος</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Apo%2Fplion">Πόπλιον</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fti">ἔτι</w> <w lemma="me%2Fnein">μένειν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="pe%2Fran">πέραν</w> <w lemma="e%29dusxrh%2Fsthse">ἐδυσχρήστησε</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="plei%2Fsthn">πλείστην</w> <w lemma="r%28oph%5Cn">ῥοπὴν</w> <w lemma="kei%3Dsqai">κεῖσθαι</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="pragma%2Ftwn">πραγμάτων</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> '<w lemma="kei%2Fnou">κείνου</w> <w lemma="proaire%2Fsei">προαιρέσει</w>.
10
<w lemma="ai%29%2Ftion">αἴτιον</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="me%2Fnein">μένειν</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="strato%2Fpedon">στρατόπεδον</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="prw%2Fths">πρώτης</w> <w lemma="parembolh%3Ds">παρεμβολῆς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="kexwri%2Fsqai">κεχωρίσθαι</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Apo%2Fplion">Πόπλιον</w> <w lemma="a%29po%5C">ἀπὸ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="duna%2Fmewn">δυνάμεων</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="sa%2Flion">σάλιον</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dnai">εἶναι</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="proeirhme%2Fnon">προειρημένον</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fndra">ἄνδρα</w>. <w lemma="tou%3Dto">τοῦτο</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fstin">ἔστιν</w>,
11
<w lemma="kaqa%2Fper">καθάπερ</w> <w lemma="h%28mi%3Dn">ἡμῖν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="politei%2Fas">πολιτείας</w> <w lemma="ei%29%2Frhtai">εἴρηται</w>, <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="triw%3Dn">τριῶν</w> <w lemma="e%28%5Cn">ἓν</w> <w lemma="su%2Fsthma">σύστημα</w>, <w lemma="di%27">δι᾽</w> <w lemma="w%28%3Dn">ὧν</w> <w lemma="sumbai%2Fnei">συμβαίνει</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="e%29pifanesta%2Ftas">ἐπιφανεστάτας</w> <w lemma="qusi%2Fas">θυσίας</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rw%2Fmh%7C">Ῥώμῃ</w> <w lemma="suntelei%3Dsqai">συντελεῖσθαι</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="qeoi%3Ds:">θεοῖς·</w> *
12
? <w lemma="triakonqh%2Fmeron">τριακονθήμερον</w> <w lemma="mh%5C">μὴ</w> <w lemma="metabai%2Fnein">μεταβαίνειν</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="kairo%5Cn">καιρὸν</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="qusi%2Fas">θυσίας</w>, <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="h%28%3D%7C">ᾗ</w> <w lemma="pot%27">ποτ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29%5Cn">ἂν</w> <w lemma="xw%2Fra%7C">χώρᾳ</w> <w lemma="katalhfqw%3Dsin">καταληφθῶσιν</w> [<w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="sa%2Flioi">σάλιοι</w> <w lemma="ou%28%3Dtoi">οὗτοι</w>].
13
<w lemma="o%28%5C">ὃ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="to%2Fte">τότε</w> <w lemma="sune%2Fbh">συνέβη</w> <w lemma="gene%2Fsqai">γενέσθαι</w> <w lemma="%2Apopli%2Fw%7C:">Ποπλίῳ·</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="duna%2Fmews">δυνάμεως</w> <w lemma="mellou%2Fshs">μελλούσης</w> <w lemma="peraiou%3Dsqai">περαιοῦσθαι</w> <w lemma="kate%2Flaben">κατέλαβεν</w> <w lemma="au%29to%5Cn">αὐτὸν</w> <w lemma="ou%28%3Dtos">οὗτος</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="xro%2Fnos">χρόνος</w>, <w lemma="w%28%2Fste">ὥστε</w> <w lemma="mh%5C">μὴ</w> <w lemma="du%2Fnasqai">δύνασθαι</w> <w lemma="metabalei%3Dn">μεταβαλεῖν</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="xw%2Fran">χώραν</w>.
14
<w lemma="dio%5C">διὸ</w> <w lemma="sune%2Fbh">συνέβη</w> <w lemma="to%2Fn">τόν</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="%2Askipi%2Fwna">Σκιπίωνα</w> <w lemma="xwrisqh%3Dnai">χωρισθῆναι</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="stratope%2Fdwn">στρατοπέδων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="mei%3Dnai">μεῖναι</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2Aeu%29rw%2Fphn">Εὐρώπην</w>, <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="duna%2Fmeis">δυνάμεις</w> <w lemma="peraiwqei%2Fsas">περαιωθείσας</w> <w lemma="me%2Fnein">μένειν</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="u%28pokeime%2Fnwn">ὑποκειμένων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="mh%5C">μὴ</w> <w lemma="du%2Fnasqai">δύνασθαι</w> <w lemma="pra%2Fttein">πράττειν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="e%28ch%3Ds">ἑξῆς</w> <w lemma="mhqe%2Fn">μηθέν</w>, <w lemma="prosanadexome%2Fnas">προσαναδεχομένας</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="proeirhme%2Fnon">προειρημένον</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fndra">ἄνδρα</w>.
<head>Antiochus Sends an Envoy To Discuss Peace</head>After sustaining this defeat at sea, Antiochus remained<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note24">Antiochus despairs of resistance, and sends an envoy to the Scipios to treat of peace.</note>in <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Sardis&groupId=948&placeId=1686">Sardis</a>, neglecting to avail himself of such opportunities as he had left, and taking no steps whatever to prosecute the war; and when he learnt that the enemy had crossed into Asia he lost all heart, and determined in despair to send an envoy to Lucius and Publius Scipio to treat of peace. He selected Heracleides of <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Byzantium&groupId=415&placeId=767">Byzantium</a> for this purpose, and despatched him with instructions to offer to surrender the territories of <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Lampsacus&groupId=666&placeId=1218">Lampsacus</a> and <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Smyrna&groupId=981&placeId=1733">Smyrna</a> as well as <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Alexandria&groupId=1063&placeId=1868">Alexandria</a> (Troas), which were the original cause of the war, and any other cities in Aeolis and <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Ionia&groupId=171&placeId=413">Ionia</a> of which they might wish to deprive him, as having embraced their side in the war; and in addition to this to promise an indemnity of half the expenses they had incurred in their quarrel with him. Such were the offers which the envoy was instructed to make in his<pb n="270" />public audience; but, besides these, there were others to be committed to Publius Scipio's private ear, of which I will speak in detail later on. On his arrival at the <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Hellespont&groupId=620&placeId=1141">Hellespont</a> the envoy found the Romans still occupying the camp which they had constructed immediately after crossing. At first he was much cheered by this fact, for he thought it would materially aid his negotiation that the enemy were exactly where they were at first, and had not as yet taken any further action. But when he learnt that Publius Scipio was still on the other side of the water he was much disturbed, because the turn which his negotiations were to take depended principally on Scipio's view of the matter.<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note25">The laws relating to the Salii or priests of Mars.</note>The reason of the army being still in their first camp, and of Publius Scipio's absence from the army, was that he was one of the Salii. These are, as I have before stated, one of the three colleges of priests by whom the most important sacrifices to the gods are offered at <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Rome&groupId=935&placeId=1669">Rome</a>. And it is the law that, at the time of these sacrifices, they must not quit the spot for thirty days in which it happens to find them.<note anchored="yes" place="unspecified" id="note26"><cit><quote lang="la">Dies forte, quibus Ancilia moventur, religiosi ad iter inciderant.</quote><bibl n="Liv. 37.33" default="NO" valid="yes">Livy. 37, 33</bibl></cit>. The festival of Mars, during which the<foreign lang="la">ancilia</foreign>were carried about, was on the 1st of March and following days. If this incident, therefore, took place in the late spring or summer of B. C. 190, the Roman Calendar must have been very far out.</note>This was the case at the present time with Publius Scipio; for just as the army was on the point of crossing this season arrived, and prevented him from changing his place of abode. Thus it came about that he was separated from the legions and remained in Europe, while, though the army crossed, it remained encamped, and could take no further step, because they were waiting for him.