<w lemma="%2A%28olosxereste%2Fras">Ὁλοσχερεστέρας</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="genome%2Fnhs">γενομένης</w> <w lemma="au%29ch%2Fsews">αὐξήσεως</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="prokoph%3Ds">προκοπῆς</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fqnos">ἔθνος</w>, <w lemma="%2Aai%29twloi%5C">Αἰτωλοὶ</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fmfuton">ἔμφυτον</w> <w lemma="a%29diki%2Fan">ἀδικίαν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pleoneci%2Fan">πλεονεξίαν</w> <w lemma="fqonh%2Fsantes">φθονήσαντες</w>, <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="plei%3Don">πλεῖον</w> <w lemma="e%29lpi%2Fsantes">ἐλπίσαντες</w> <w lemma="katadiele%2Fsqai">καταδιελέσθαι</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="po%2Fleis">πόλεις</w>, <w lemma="kaqa%2Fper">καθάπερ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pro%2Fteron">πρότερον</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29akarna%2Fnwn">Ἀκαρνάνων</w> <w lemma="dienei%2Fmanto">διενείμαντο</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29ale%2Fcandron">Ἀλέξανδρον</w>, <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29axaiw%3Dn">Ἀχαιῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29peba%2Flonto">ἐπεβάλοντο</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29anti%2Fgonon">Ἀντίγονον</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Agonata%3Dn">Γονατᾶν</w>,
<w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="to%2Fte">τότε</w> <w lemma="paraplhsi%2Fais">παραπλησίαις</w> <w lemma="e%29lpi%2Fsin">ἐλπίσιν</w> <w lemma="e%29parqe%2Fntes">ἐπαρθέντες</w> <w lemma="a%29peto%2Flmhsan">ἀπετόλμησαν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29antigo%2Fnw%7C">Ἀντιγόνῳ</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="kat%27">κατ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29kei%2Fnous">ἐκείνους</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="kairou%5Cs">καιροὺς</w> <w lemma="proestw%3Dti">προεστῶτι</w> <w lemma="%2Amakedo%2Fnwn">Μακεδόνων</w>, <w lemma="e%29pitropeu%2Fonti">ἐπιτροπεύοντι</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="%2Afili%2Fppou">Φιλίππου</w> <w lemma="paido%5Cs">παιδὸς</w> <w lemma="o%29%2Fntos">ὄντος</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Akleome%2Fnei">Κλεομένει</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="basilei%3D">βασιλεῖ</w> <w lemma="%2Alakedaimoni%2Fwn">Λακεδαιμονίων</w> <w lemma="koinwnei%3Dn">κοινωνεῖν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="sumple%2Fkein">συμπλέκειν</w> <w lemma="a%29mfote%2Frois">ἀμφοτέροις</w> <w lemma="a%28%2Fma">ἅμα</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="xei%3Dras">χεῖρας</w>.
<w lemma="o%28rw%3Dntes">ὁρῶντες</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29anti%2Fgonon">Ἀντίγονον</w> <w lemma="kurieu%2Fonta">κυριεύοντα</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="%2Amakedoni%2Fan">Μακεδονίαν</w> <w lemma="a%29sfalw%3Ds">ἀσφαλῶς</w>, <w lemma="o%28mologou%2Fmenon">ὁμολογούμενον</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pro%2Fdhlon">πρόδηλον</w> <w lemma="e%29xqro%5Cn">ἐχθρὸν</w> <w lemma="o%29%2Fnta">ὄντα</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29axaiw%3Dn">Ἀχαιῶν</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29akroko%2Frinqon">Ἀκροκόρινθον</w> <w lemma="pracikoph%2Fsantas">πραξικοπήσαντας</w> <w lemma="katalabei%3Dn">καταλαβεῖν</w>,
<w lemma="u%28pe%2Flabon">ὑπέλαβον</w>, <w lemma="ei%29">εἰ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="%2Alakedaimoni%2Fous">Λακεδαιμονίους</w> <w lemma="proslabo%2Fntes">προσλαβόντες</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fti">ἔτι</w> <w lemma="koinwnou%5Cs">κοινωνοὺς</w> <w lemma="sfi%2Fsi">σφίσι</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="e%29pibolh%3Ds">ἐπιβολῆς</w> <w lemma="proembiba%2Fsaien">προεμβιβάσαιεν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fqnos">ἔθνος</w> <w lemma="a%29pe%2Fxqeian">ἀπέχθειαν</w>, <w lemma="r%28a%7Cdi%2Fws">ῥᾳδίως</w> <w lemma="a%29%5Cn">ἂν</w> <w lemma="katagwni%2Fsasqai">καταγωνίσασθαι</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29axaiou%5Cs">Ἀχαιοὺς</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="kairw%3D%7C">καιρῷ</w> <w lemma="sunepiqe%2Fmenoi">συνεπιθέμενοι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pantaxo%2Fqen">πανταχόθεν</w> <w lemma="peristh%2Fsantes">περιστήσαντες</w> <w lemma="au%29toi%3Ds">αὐτοῖς</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="po%2Flemon">πόλεμον</w>.
<w lemma="o%28%5C">ὃ</w> <w lemma="dh%5C">δὴ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="taxe%2Fws">ταχέως</w> <w lemma="a%29%5Cn">ἂν</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="lo%2Fgon">λόγον</w> <w lemma="e%29pete%2Flesan">ἐπετέλεσαν</w>, <w lemma="ei%29">εἰ</w> <w lemma="mh%5C">μὴ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="kuriw%2Ftaton">κυριώτατον</w> <w lemma="parei%3Ddon">παρεῖδον</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="proqe%2Fsews">προθέσεως</w>, <w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="sullogisa%2Fmenoi">συλλογισάμενοι</w> <w lemma="dio%2Fti">διότι</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29pibolai%3Ds">ἐπιβολαῖς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29%2Faraton">Ἄρατον</w> <w lemma="e%28%2Fcousin">ἕξουσιν</w> <w lemma="a%29ntagwnisth%2Fn">ἀνταγωνιστήν</w>, <w lemma="a%29%2Fndra">ἄνδρα</w> <w lemma="duna%2Fmenon">δυνάμενον</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fshs">πάσης</w> <w lemma="eu%29stoxei%3Dn">εὐστοχεῖν</w> <w lemma="perista%2Fsews">περιστάσεως</w>.
<w lemma="toigarou%3Dn">τοιγαροῦν</w> <w lemma="o%28rmh%2Fsantes">ὁρμήσαντες</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="polupragmonei%3Dn">πολυπραγμονεῖν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="xeirw%3Dn">χειρῶν</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Frxein">ἄρχειν</w> <w lemma="a%29di%2Fkwn">ἀδίκων</w> <w lemma="ou%29x">οὐχ</w> <w lemma="oi%28%3Don">οἷον</w> <w lemma="h%29%2Fnusa%2Fn">ἤνυσάν</w> <w lemma="ti">τι</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29pinohqe%2Fntwn">ἐπινοηθέντων</w>, <w lemma="a%29lla%5C">ἀλλὰ</w> <w lemma="tou%29nanti%2Fon">τοὐναντίον</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29%2Faraton">Ἄρατον</w> <w lemma="to%2Fte">τότε</w> <w lemma="proestw%3Dta">προεστῶτα</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fqnos">ἔθνος</w> <w lemma="e%29swmatopoi%2Fhsan">ἐσωματοποίησαν</w>, <w lemma="pragmatikw%3Ds">πραγματικῶς</w> <w lemma="a%29ntiperispa%2Fsantos">ἀντιπερισπάσαντος</w> <w lemma="e%29kei%2Fnou">ἐκείνου</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="lumhname%2Fnou">λυμηναμένου</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="e%29pibola%5Cs">ἐπιβολὰς</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3Dn">αὐτῶν</w>.
<w lemma="w%28s">ὡς</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29xeiri%2Fsqh">ἐχειρίσθη</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Fla">ὅλα</w>, <w lemma="dh%3Dlon">δῆλον</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fstai">ἔσται</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="le%2Fgesqai">λέγεσθαι</w> <w lemma="mello%2Fntwn">μελλόντων</w>.
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<head>The Aetolians Envy the Achaeans</head>But the increased power and national advancement<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note104">The Aetolians and Antigonus Doson, B. C. 229-220.</note>which these events brought to the Achaeans excited the envy of the Aetolians; who, besides their natural inclination to unjust and selfish aggrandisement, were inspired with the hope of breaking up the union of Achaean states, as they had before succeeded in partitioning those of <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Acarnania&groupId=270&placeId=527">Acarnania</a> with Alexander,<note anchored="yes" place="unspecified" id="note105">Alexander II. of Epirus, son of Pyrrhus, whom he succeeded B. C. 272. The partition of <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Acarnania&groupId=270&placeId=527">Acarnania</a> took place in B. C. 266.</note>and had planned to do those of Achaia with Antigonus Gonatas. Instigated once more by similar expectations, they had now the assurance to enter into communication and close alliance at once with Antigonus (at that time ruling <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Macedonia&groupId=723&placeId=428">Macedonia</a> as guardian of the young King Philip), and with Cleomenes, King of <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Sparta&groupId=660&placeId=1208">Sparta</a>. They saw that Antigonus had undisputed possession of the throne of <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Macedonia&groupId=723&placeId=428">Macedonia</a>, while he was an open and avowed enemy of the Achaeans owing to the surprise of the Acrocorinthus; and they supposed that if they could get the<pb n="141" />Lacedaemonians to join them in their hostility to the league, they would easily subdue it, by selecting a favourable opportunity for their attack, and securing that it should be assaulted on all sides at once. And they would in all probability have succeeded, but that they had left out the most important element in the calculation, namely, that in Aratus they had to reckon with an opponent to their plans of ability equal to almost any emergency. Accordingly, when they attempted this violent and unjust interference in Achaia, so far from succeeding in any of their devices, they, on the contrary, strengthened Aratus, the then president of the league, as well as the league itself. So consummate was the ability with which he foiled their plan and reduced them to impotence. The manner in which this was done will be made clear in what I am about to relate.
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Walbank Commentary