<w lemma="%2Ata%5Cs">Τὰς</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ou%29%3Dn">οὖν</w> <w lemma="a%29rxa%5Cs">ἀρχὰς</w> <w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="mo%2Fnon">μόνον</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="xw%2Fras">χώρας</w> <w lemma="e%29pekra%2Ftoun">ἐπεκράτουν</w>, <w lemma="a%29lla%5C">ἀλλὰ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="su%2Fneggus">σύνεγγυς</w> <w lemma="pollou%5Cs">πολλοὺς</w> <w lemma="u%28phko%2Fous">ὑπηκόους</w> <w lemma="e%29pepoi%2Fhnto">ἐπεποίηντο</w>, <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="to%2Flmh%7C">τόλμῃ</w> <w lemma="katapeplhgme%2Fnoi">καταπεπληγμένοι</w>.
<w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="de%2F">δέ</w> <w lemma="tina">τινα</w> <w lemma="xro%2Fnon">χρόνον</w> <w lemma="ma%2Fxh%7C">μάχῃ</w> <w lemma="nikh%2Fsantes">νικήσαντες</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fous">Ῥωμαίους</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w> <w lemma="paratacame%2Fnous">παραταξαμένους</w>, <w lemma="e%28po%2Fmenoi">ἑπόμενοι</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="feu%2Fgousi">φεύγουσι</w> <w lemma="trisi%5C">τρισὶ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="ma%2Fxhs">μάχης</w> <w lemma="h%28me%2Frais">ἡμέραις</w> <w lemma="u%28%2Fsteron">ὕστερον</w> <w lemma="kate%2Fsxon">κατέσχον</w> <w lemma="au%29th%5Cn">αὐτὴν</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rw%2Fmhn">Ῥώμην</w> <w lemma="plh%5Cn">πλὴν</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="%2Akapetwli%2Fou">Καπετωλίου</w>.
<w lemma="genome%2Fnou">γενομένου</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29ntispa%2Fsmatos">ἀντισπάσματος</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Aou%29ene%2Ftwn">Οὐενέτων</w> <w lemma="e%29mbalo%2Fntwn">ἐμβαλόντων</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="xw%2Fran">χώραν</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3Dn">αὐτῶν</w>, <w lemma="to%2Fte">τότε</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="poihsa%2Fmenoi">ποιησάμενοι</w> <w lemma="sunqh%2Fkas">συνθήκας</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fous">Ῥωμαίους</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="po%2Flin">πόλιν</w> <w lemma="a%29podo%2Fntes">ἀποδόντες</w> <w lemma="e%29panh%3Dlqon">ἐπανῆλθον</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="oi%29kei%2Fan">οἰκείαν</w>.
<w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29mfuli%2Fois">ἐμφυλίοις</w> <w lemma="sunei%2Fxonto">συνείχοντο</w> <w lemma="pole%2Fmois:">πολέμοις·</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fnioi">ἔνιοι</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29%2Falpeis">Ἄλπεις</w> <w lemma="katoikou%2Fntwn">κατοικούντων</w> <w lemma="o%28rma%5Cs">ὁρμὰς</w> <w lemma="e%29poiou%3Dnto">ἐποιοῦντο</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="sunhqroi%2Fzonto">συνηθροίζοντο</w> <w lemma="polla%2Fkis">πολλάκις</w> <w lemma="e%29p%27">ἐπ᾽</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%2Fs">αὐτούς</w>, <w lemma="qewrou%3Dntes">θεωροῦντες</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="paraqe%2Fsews">παραθέσεως</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="paragegenhme%2Fnhn">παραγεγενημένην</w> <w lemma="au%29toi%3Ds">αὐτοῖς</w> <w lemma="eu%29daimoni%2Fan">εὐδαιμονίαν</w>.
<w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="w%28%3D%7C">ᾧ</w> <w lemma="kairw%3D%7C">καιρῷ</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%3Doi">Ῥωμαῖοι</w> <w lemma="th%2Fn">τήν</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="sfete%2Fran">σφετέραν</w> <w lemma="du%2Fnamin">δύναμιν</w> <w lemma="a%29ne%2Flabon">ἀνέλαβον</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="%2Alati%2Fnous">Λατίνους</w> <w lemma="au%29%3Dqis">αὖθις</w> <w lemma="pra%2Fgmata">πράγματα</w> <w lemma="sunesth%2Fsanto">συνεστήσαντο</w>.
<w lemma="paragenome%2Fnwn">παραγενομένων</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="pa%2Flin">πάλιν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Akeltw%3Dn">Κελτῶν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29%2Falban">Ἄλβαν</w> <w lemma="strateu%2Fmati">στρατεύματι</w> <w lemma="mega%2Flw%7C">μεγάλῳ</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="po%2Flews">πόλεως</w> <w lemma="kata%2Flhyin">κατάληψιν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Ftei">ἔτει</w> <w lemma="triakostw%3D%7C">τριακοστῷ</w>, <w lemma="to%2Fte">τότε</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ou%29k">οὐκ</w> <w lemma="e%29to%2Flmhsan">ἐτόλμησαν</w> <w lemma="a%29ntecagagei%3Dn">ἀντεξαγαγεῖν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%3Doi">Ῥωμαῖοι</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="strato%2Fpeda">στρατόπεδα</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="parado%2Fcou">παραδόξου</w> <w lemma="genome%2Fnhs">γενομένης</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="e%29fo%2Fdou">ἐφόδου</w> <w lemma="prokatalhfqh%3Dnai">προκαταληφθῆναι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="mh%5C">μὴ</w> <w lemma="katataxh%3Dsai">καταταχῆσαι</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="summa%2Fxwn">συμμάχων</w> <w lemma="a%28qroi%2Fsantas">ἁθροίσαντας</w> <w lemma="duna%2Fmeis">δυνάμεις</w>.
<w lemma="au%29%3Dqis">αὖθις</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29c">ἐξ</w> <w lemma="e%29pibolh%3Ds">ἐπιβολῆς</w> <w lemma="e%28te%2Fras">ἑτέρας</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Ftei">ἔτει</w> <w lemma="dwdeka%2Ftw%7C">δωδεκάτῳ</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="mega%2Flhs">μεγάλης</w> <w lemma="stratia%3Ds">στρατιᾶς</w> <w lemma="e%29piporeuome%2Fnwn">ἐπιπορευομένων</w> <w lemma="proaisqo%2Fmenoi">προαισθόμενοι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="sunagei%2Frantes">συναγείραντες</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="summa%2Fxous">συμμάχους</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="pollh%3Ds">πολλῆς</w> <w lemma="proqumi%2Fas">προθυμίας</w> <w lemma="a%29ph%2Fntwn">ἀπήντων</w>, <w lemma="speu%2Fdontes">σπεύδοντες</w> <w lemma="sumbalei%3Dn">συμβαλεῖν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="diakinduneu%3Dsai">διακινδυνεῦσαι</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Flwn">ὅλων</w>.
<w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="%2Agala%2Ftai">Γαλάται</w> <w lemma="kataplage%2Fntes">καταπλαγέντες</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Ffodon">ἔφοδον</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3Dn">αὐτῶν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="diastasia%2Fsantes">διαστασιάσαντες</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="sfa%3Ds">σφᾶς</w> <w lemma="nukto%5Cs">νυκτὸς</w> <w lemma="e%29pigenome%2Fnhs">ἐπιγενομένης</w> <w lemma="fugh%3D%7C">φυγῇ</w> <w lemma="paraplhsi%2Fan">παραπλησίαν</w> <w lemma="e%29poih%2Fsanto">ἐποιήσαντο</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29poxw%2Frhsin">ἀποχώρησιν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="oi%29kei%2Fan">οἰκείαν</w>.
<w lemma="a%29po%5C">ἀπὸ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftou">τούτου</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="fo%2Fbou">φόβου</w> <w lemma="triakai%2Fdeka">τριακαίδεκα</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fth">ἔτη</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="h%28suxi%2Fan">ἡσυχίαν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fsxon">ἔσχον</w>, <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="sunorw%3Dntes">συνορῶντες</w> <w lemma="au%29canome%2Fnhn">αὐξανομένην</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fwn">Ῥωμαίων</w> <w lemma="du%2Fnamin">δύναμιν</w> <w lemma="ei%29rh%2Fnhn">εἰρήνην</w> <w lemma="e%29poi">ἐποι</w>
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<head>Early Conflicts between Gauls and Romans</head>In the early times of their settlement they did not merely subdue the territory which they occupied, but rendered also many of the neighbouring peoples subject to them, whom they overawed by their audacity. Some time afterwards they conquered the Romans in battle, and pursuing the flying<pb n="116" />legions, in three days after the battle occupied <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Rome&groupId=935&placeId=1669">Rome</a> itself with the exception of the Capitol.<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note50">Battle of the Allia, 18th July, B. C. 390.</note>But a circumstance intervened which recalled them home, an invasion, that is to say, of their territory by the Venĕti. Accordingly they made terms with the Romans, handed back the city, and returned to their own land; and subsequently were occupied with domestic wars. Some of the tribes, also, who dwelt on the <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Alps&groupId=313&placeId=609">Alps</a>, comparing their own barren districts with the rich territory occupied by the others, were continually making raids upon them, and collecting their force to attack them.<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note51">Latin war, B. C. 349-340.</note>This gave the Romans time to recover their strength, and to come to terms with the people of <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Latium&groupId=673&placeId=1231">Latium</a>. When, thirty years after the capture of the city, the Celts came again as far as Alba, the Romans were taken by surprise; and having had no intelligence of the intended invasion, nor time to collect the forces of the Socii, did not venture to give them battle.<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note52">B. C. 360.</note>But when another invasion in great force took place twelve years later, they did get previous intelligence of it; and, having mustered their allies, sallied forth to meet them with great spirit, being eager to engage them and fight a decisive battle.<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note53">B. C. 348.</note>But the Gauls were dismayed at their approach; and, being besides weakened by internal feuds, retreated homewards as soon as night fell, with all the appearance of a regular flight.<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note54">B. C.334.</note>After this alarm they kept quiet for thirteen years; at the end of which period, seeing that the power of the Romans was growing formidable, they made a peace and a definite treaty with them.
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Walbank Commentary