Polybius, Histories

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Book 18 - Chapter 45

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<w lemma="%2Atou%2Ftou">Τούτου</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="do%2Fgmatos">δόγματος</w> <w lemma="diadoqe%2Fntos">διαδοθέντος</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="%2A%28%2Fellhnas">Ἕλληνας</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Flloi">ἄλλοι</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fntes">πάντες</w> <w lemma="eu%29qarsei%3Ds">εὐθαρσεῖς</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dsan">ἦσαν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="perixarei%3Ds">περιχαρεῖς</w>, <w lemma="mo%2Fnoi">μόνοι</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="%2Aai%29twloi%2F">Αἰτωλοί</w>, <w lemma="dusxerai%2Fnontes">δυσχεραίνοντες</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="mh%5C">μὴ</w> <w lemma="tugxa%2Fnein">τυγχάνειν</w> <w lemma="w%28%3Dn">ὧν</w> <w lemma="h%29%2Flpizon">ἤλπιζον</w>, <w lemma="katela%2Floun">κατελάλουν</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="do%2Fgma">δόγμα</w>, <w lemma="fa%2Fskontes">φάσκοντες</w> <w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="pragma%2Ftwn">πραγμάτων</w>, <w lemma="a%29lla%5C">ἀλλὰ</w> <w lemma="gramma%2Ftwn">γραμμάτων</w> <w lemma="mo%2Fnon">μόνον</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fxein">ἔχειν</w> <w lemma="au%29to%5C">αὐτὸ</w> <w lemma="dia%2Fqesin">διάθεσιν</w>.
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<w lemma="kai%2F">καί</w> <w lemma="tinas">τινας</w> <w lemma="e%29la%2Fmbanon">ἐλάμβανον</w> <w lemma="piqano%2Fthtas">πιθανότητας</w> <w lemma="e%29c">ἐξ</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3Dn">αὐτῶν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29ggra%2Fptwn">ἐγγράπτων</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="diasei%2Fein">διασείειν</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="a%29kou%2Fontas">ἀκούοντας</w> <w lemma="toiau%2Ftas">τοιαύτας</w>.
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<w lemma="e%29%2Ffaskon">ἔφασκον</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dnai">εἶναι</w> <w lemma="du%2Fo">δύο</w> <w lemma="gnw%2Fmas">γνώμας</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="do%2Fgmati">δόγματι</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="u%28po%5C">ὑπὸ</w> <w lemma="%2Afili%2Fppou">Φιλίππου</w> <w lemma="frouroume%2Fnwn">φρουρουμένων</w> <w lemma="po%2Flewn">πόλεων</w>, <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="mi%2Fan">μίαν</w> <w lemma="e%29pita%2Fttousan">ἐπιτάττουσαν</w> <w lemma="e%29ca%2Fgein">ἐξάγειν</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="froura%5Cs">φρουρὰς</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Afi%2Flippon">Φίλιππον</w>, <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="po%2Fleis">πόλεις</w> <w lemma="paradido%2Fnai">παραδιδόναι</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fois">Ῥωμαίοις</w>, <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%28te%2Fran">ἑτέραν</w> <w lemma="e%29ca%2Fgonta">ἐξάγοντα</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="froura%5Cs">φρουρὰς</w> <w lemma="e%29leuqerou%3Dn">ἐλευθεροῦν</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="po%2Fleis">πόλεις</w>.
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<w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ou%29%3Dn">οὖν</w> <w lemma="e%29leuqeroume%2Fnas">ἐλευθερουμένας</w> <w lemma="e%29p%27">ἐπ᾽</w> <w lemma="o%29no%2Fmatos">ὀνόματος</w> <w lemma="dhlou%3Dsqai">δηλοῦσθαι</w>, <w lemma="tau%2Ftas">ταύτας</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dnai">εἶναι</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29asi%2Fan">Ἀσίαν</w>, <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="paradidome%2Fnas">παραδιδομένας</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fois">Ῥωμαίοις</w> <w lemma="fanero%5Cn">φανερὸν</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Fti">ὅτι</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2Aeu%29rw%2Fphn">Εὐρώπην</w>. <w lemma="ei%29%3Dnai">εἶναι</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tau%2Ftas">ταύτας</w> <w lemma="%2A%29wreo%2Fn">Ὠρεόν</w>,
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<w lemma="%2A%29ere%2Ftrian">Ἐρέτριαν</w>, <w lemma="%2Axalki%2Fda">Χαλκίδα</w>, <w lemma="%2Adhmhtria%2Fda">Δημητριάδα</w>, <w lemma="%2Ako%2Frinqon">Κόρινθον</w>.
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<w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w> <w lemma="eu%29qew%2Frhton">εὐθεώρητον</w> <w lemma="u%28pa%2Frxein">ὑπάρχειν</w> <w lemma="pa%3Dsin">πᾶσιν</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Fti">ὅτι</w> <w lemma="metalamba%2Fnousi">μεταλαμβάνουσι</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="%2A%28ellhnika%5Cs">Ἑλληνικὰς</w> <w lemma="pe%2Fdas">πέδας</w> <w lemma="para%5C">παρὰ</w> <w lemma="%2Afili%2Fppou">Φιλίππου</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%3Doi">Ῥωμαῖοι</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="gi%2Fnetai">γίνεται</w> <w lemma="meqa%2Frmosis">μεθάρμοσις</w> <w lemma="despotw%3Dn">δεσποτῶν</w>, <w lemma="ou%29k">οὐκ</w> <w lemma="e%29leuqe%2Frwsis">ἐλευθέρωσις</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28ellh%2Fnwn">Ἑλλήνων</w>. <w lemma="%2Atau%3Dta">Ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ou%29%3Dn">οὖν</w> <w lemma="u%28p%27">ὑπ᾽</w> <w lemma="%2Aai%29twlw%3Dn">Αἰτωλῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29le%2Fgeto">ἐλέγετο</w> <w lemma="katako%2Frws">κατακόρως</w>.
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<w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="%2Ati%2Ftos">Τίτος</w> <w lemma="o%28rmh%2Fsas">ὁρμήσας</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29elatei%2Fas">Ἐλατείας</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="de%2Fka">δέκα</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="kata%2Fras">κατάρας</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29anti%2Fkuran">Ἀντίκυραν</w>, <w lemma="parauti%2Fka">παραυτίκα</w> <w lemma="die%2Fpleusen">διέπλευσεν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Ako%2Frinqon">Κόρινθον</w>, <w lemma="ka%29kei%3D">κἀκεῖ</w> <w lemma="parageno%2Fmenos">παραγενόμενος</w> <w lemma="sunh%2Fdreue">συνήδρευε</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="diela%2Fmbane">διελάμβανε</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Flwn">ὅλων</w>.
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<w lemma="pleonazou%2Fshs">πλεοναζούσης</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Aai%29twlw%3Dn">Αἰτωλῶν</w> <w lemma="diabolh%3Ds">διαβολῆς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pisteuome%2Fnhs">πιστευομένης</w> <w lemma="par%27">παρ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29ni%2Fois">ἐνίοις</w>, <w lemma="pollou%5Cs">πολλοὺς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="poiki%2Flous">ποικίλους</w> <w lemma="h%29nagka%2Fzeto">ἠναγκάζετο</w> <w lemma="poiei%3Dsqai">ποιεῖσθαι</w> <w lemma="lo%2Fgous">λόγους</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="%2Ati%2Ftos">Τίτος</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="sunedri%2Fw%7C">συνεδρίῳ</w>,
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<w lemma="dida%2Fskwn">διδάσκων</w> <w lemma="w%28s">ὡς</w> <w lemma="ei%29%2Fper">εἴπερ</w> <w lemma="bou%2Flontai">βούλονται</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28ellh%2Fnwn">Ἑλλήνων</w> <w lemma="eu%29%2Fkleian">εὔκλειαν</w> <w lemma="o%28lo%2Fklhron">ὁλόκληρον</w> <w lemma="peripoih%2Fsasqai">περιποιήσασθαι</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="kaqo%2Flou">καθόλου</w> <w lemma="pisteuqh%3Dnai">πιστευθῆναι</w> <w lemma="para%5C">παρὰ</w> <w lemma="pa%3Dsi">πᾶσι</w> <w lemma="dio%2Fti">διότι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29c">ἐξ</w> <w lemma="a%29rxh%3Ds">ἀρχῆς</w> <w lemma="e%29poih%2Fsanto">ἐποιήσαντο</w> <w lemma="dia%2Fbasin">διάβασιν</w> <w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="sumfe%2Frontos">συμφέροντος</w> <w lemma="e%28%2Fneken">ἕνεκεν</w>, <w lemma="a%29lla%5C">ἀλλὰ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28ellh%2Fnwn">Ἑλλήνων</w> <w lemma="e%29leuqeri%2Fas">ἐλευθερίας</w>, <w lemma="e%29kxwrhte%2Fon">ἐκχωρητέον</w> <w lemma="ei%29%2Fh">εἴη</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fntwn">πάντων</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="to%2Fpwn">τόπων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fsas">πάσας</w> <w lemma="e%29leuqerwte%2Fon">ἐλευθερωτέον</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="po%2Fleis">πόλεις</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="nu%3Dn">νῦν</w> <w lemma="u%28po%5C">ὑπὸ</w> <w lemma="%2Afili%2Fppou">Φιλίππου</w> <w lemma="frouroume%2Fnas">φρουρουμένας</w>.
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<w lemma="tau%2Fthn">ταύτην</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="sune%2Fbaine">συνέβαινε</w> <w lemma="gi%2Fnesqai">γίνεσθαι</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29pori%2Fan">ἀπορίαν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="sunedri%2Fw%7C">συνεδρίῳ</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fllwn">ἄλλων</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rw%2Fmh%7C">Ῥώμῃ</w> <w lemma="prodieilh%3Dfqai">προδιειλῆφθαι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="r%28hta%5Cs">ῥητὰς</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fxein">ἔχειν</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="de%2Fka">δέκα</w> <w lemma="para%5C">παρὰ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="sugklh%2Ftou">συγκλήτου</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="e%29ntola%2Fs">ἐντολάς</w>, <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="%2Axalki%2Fdos">Χαλκίδος</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Akori%2Fnqou">Κορίνθου</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Adhmhtria%2Fdos">Δημητριάδος</w> <w lemma="e%29pitroph%5Cn">ἐπιτροπὴν</w> <w lemma="au%29toi%3Ds">αὐτοῖς</w> <w lemma="dedo%2Fsqai">δεδόσθαι</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29anti%2Foxon">Ἀντίοχον</w>, <w lemma="i%28%2Fna">ἵνα</w> <w lemma="ble%2Fpontes">βλέποντες</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="kairou%5Cs">καιροὺς</w> <w lemma="bouleu%2Fwntai">βουλεύωνται</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="proeirhme%2Fnwn">προειρημένων</w> <w lemma="po%2Flewn">πόλεων</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="au%28tw%3Dn">αὑτῶν</w> <w lemma="proaire%2Fseis:">προαιρέσεις·</w>
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<w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="proeirhme%2Fnos">προειρημένος</w> <w lemma="basileu%5Cs">βασιλεὺς</w> <w lemma="dh%3Dlos">δῆλος</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w> <w lemma="e%29pe%2Fxwn">ἐπέχων</w> <w lemma="pa%2Flai">πάλαι</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2Aeu%29rw%2Fphn">Εὐρώπην</w> <w lemma="pra%2Fgmasin">πράγμασιν</w>.
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<w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="mh%5Cn">μὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29lla%5C">ἀλλὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="%2Ako%2Frinqon">Κόρινθον</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="%2Ati%2Ftos">Τίτος</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fpeise">ἔπεισε</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="sune%2Fdrion">συνέδριον</w> <w lemma="e%29leuqerou%3Dn">ἐλευθεροῦν</w> <w lemma="paraxrh%3Dma">παραχρῆμα</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29axaioi%3Ds">Ἀχαιοῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29gxeiri%2Fzein">ἐγχειρίζειν</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="e%29c">ἐξ</w> <w lemma="a%29rxh%3Ds">ἀρχῆς</w> <w lemma="o%28mologi%2Fas">ὁμολογίας</w>, <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="%2A%29akroko%2Frinqon">Ἀκροκόρινθον</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Adhmhtria%2Fda">Δημητριάδα</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Axalki%2Fda">Χαλκίδα</w> <w lemma="parakate%2Fsxen">παρακατέσχεν</w>.
<head>The Freedom of Greece</head>Upon this decree being published in Greece, it created<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note86">Objections of the Aetolians.</note>a feeling of confidence and gratification in all the communities except the Aetolians. These last were annoyed at not getting all they expected, and attempted to run down the decree by saying that it was mere words, without anything practical in it; and they based upon the clauses of the decree itself some such arguments as follow, by way of disquieting those who would listen to them. They said "That there were two distinct clauses in the decree relating to the cities garrisoned by Philip: one ordering him to remove those garrisons and to hand over the cities to the Romans; the other bidding him withdraw his garrisons and set the cities free. Those that were to be set free were definitely named, and they were towns in Asia; and it was plain, therefore, that those which were to be handed over to the Romans were those in Europe, namely, Oreus, <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Eretria&groupId=576&placeId=1079">Eretria</a>, <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Chalcis&groupId=457&placeId=853">Chalcis</a>, <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Demetrias&groupId=536&placeId=1006">Demetrias</a>, and <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Corinth&groupId=493&placeId=928">Corinth</a>. Hence it was plain that the Romans were receiving the 'fetters of Greece' from the hands of Philip, and that the Greeks were getting, not freedom, but a change of masters."These arguments of the Aetolians were repeated<foreign lang="la">ad nauseam.</foreign>But, meanwhile, Flamininus left Elateia with the<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note87">The commissioners sit at <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Corinth&groupId=493&placeId=928">Corinth</a>, and declare all Greek cities free, except the Acrocorinthus, <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Demetrias&groupId=536&placeId=1006">Demetrias</a>, and <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Chalcis&groupId=457&placeId=853">Chalcis</a>.</note>ten commissioners, and having crossed to Anticyra, sailed straight to <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Corinth&groupId=493&placeId=928">Corinth</a>, and there sat in council with the commissioners, and considered the whole settlement to be made. But as the adverse comments of the Aetolians obtained wide currency, and were accepted by<pb n="241" />some, Flamininus was forced to enter upon many elaborate arguments in the meetings of the commission, trying to convince the commissioners that if they wished to acquire unalloyed praise from the Greeks, and to establish firmly in the minds of all that they had originally come into the country not to gain any advantage for <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Rome&groupId=935&placeId=1669">Rome</a>, but simply to secure the freedom of Greece, they must abandon every district and free all the cities now garrisoned by Philip. But this was just the point in dispute among the commissioners; for, as to all other cities, a decision had been definitely arrived at in <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Rome&groupId=935&placeId=1669">Rome</a>, and the ten commissioners had express instructions; but about <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Chalcis&groupId=457&placeId=853">Chalcis</a>, <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Corinth&groupId=493&placeId=928">Corinth</a>, and <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Demetrias&groupId=536&placeId=1006">Demetrias</a> they had been allowed a discretion on account of Antiochus, in order that they might take such measures as they thought best from a view of actual events. For it was notorious that this king had for some time past been meditating an interference in Europe. However, as far as <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Corinth&groupId=493&placeId=928">Corinth</a> was concerned, Flamininus prevailed on the commissioners to free it at once and restore it to the Achaean league, from respect to the terms of the original agreement; but he retained the Acrocorinthus, <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Demetrias&groupId=536&placeId=1006">Demetrias</a>, and <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Chalcis&groupId=457&placeId=853">Chalcis</a>.