<head lang="la">IV. De Timaei Erroribus Commissis De Rebus Locrensium</head><w lemma="%2A%29emoi%5C">Ἐμοὶ</w> <w lemma="dh%5C">δὴ</w> <w lemma="sumbai%2Fnei">συμβαίνει</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="parabeblhke%2Fnai">παραβεβληκέναι</w> <w lemma="pleona%2Fkis">πλεονάκις</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Alokrw%3Dn">Λοκρῶν</w> <w lemma="po%2Flin">πόλιν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="paresxh%3Dsqai">παρεσχῆσθαι</w> <w lemma="xrei%2Fas">χρείας</w> <w lemma="au%29toi%3Ds">αὐτοῖς</w> <w lemma="a%29nagkai%2Fas:">ἀναγκαίας·</w>
<w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29ibhri%2Fan">Ἰβηρίαν</w> <w lemma="stratei%2Fas">στρατείας</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%5Cs">αὐτοὺς</w> <w lemma="paraluqh%3Dnai">παραλυθῆναι</w> <w lemma="sune%2Fbh">συνέβη</w> <w lemma="di%27">δι᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29me%5C">ἐμὲ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="%2Adalmatei%3Ds">Δαλματεῖς</w>, <w lemma="h%28%5Cn">ἣν</w> <w lemma="w%29%2Ffeilon">ὤφειλον</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="qa%2Flattan">θάλατταν</w> <w lemma="e%29kpe%2Fmpein">ἐκπέμπειν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fois">Ῥωμαίοις</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="sunqh%2Fkas">συνθήκας</w>.
<w lemma="e%29c">ἐξ</w> <w lemma="w%28%3Dn">ὧν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="kakopaqei%2Fas">κακοπαθείας</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="kindu%2Fnou">κινδύνου</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="dapa%2Fnhs">δαπάνης</w> <w lemma="i%28kanh%3Ds">ἱκανῆς</w> <w lemma="tinos">τινος</w> <w lemma="a%29poluqe%2Fntes">ἀπολυθέντες</w> <w lemma="pa%3Dsin">πᾶσιν</w> <w lemma="h%28ma%3Ds">ἡμᾶς</w> <w lemma="h%29mei%2Fyanto">ἠμείψαντο</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="timi%2Fois">τιμίοις</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="filanqrw%2Fpois:">φιλανθρώποις·</w> <w lemma="dio%2Fper">διόπερ</w> <w lemma="o%29fei%2Flw">ὀφείλω</w> <w lemma="ma%3Dllon">μᾶλλον</w> <w lemma="eu%29logei%3Dn">εὐλογεῖν</w> <w lemma="%2Alokrou%5Cs">Λοκροὺς</w> <w lemma="h%29%5C">ἢ</w> <w lemma="tou%29nanti%2Fon">τοὐναντίον</w>.
<w lemma="a%29ll%27">ἀλλ᾽</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Fmws">ὅμως</w> <w lemma="ou%29k">οὐκ</w> <w lemma="w%29%2Fknhsa">ὤκνησα</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="le%2Fgein">λέγειν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="gra%2Ffein">γράφειν</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Fti">ὅτι</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="u%28p%27">ὑπ᾽</w> <w lemma="%2A%29aristote%2Flous">Ἀριστοτέλους</w> <w lemma="paradidome%2Fnhn">παραδιδομένην</w> <w lemma="i%28stori%2Fan">ἱστορίαν</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="a%29poiki%2Fas">ἀποικίας</w> <w lemma="a%29lhqinwte%2Fran">ἀληθινωτέραν</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dnai">εἶναι</w> <w lemma="sumbai%2Fnei">συμβαίνει</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="u%28po%5C">ὑπὸ</w> <w lemma="%2Atimai%2Fou">Τιμαίου</w> <w lemma="legome%2Fnhs">λεγομένης</w>.
<w lemma="su%2Fnoida">σύνοιδα</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="a%29nqrw%2Fpois">ἀνθρώποις</w> <w lemma="o%28mologou%3Dsin">ὁμολογοῦσιν</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Fti">ὅτι</w> <w lemma="parado%2Fsimos">παραδόσιμος</w> <w lemma="au%29toi%3Ds">αὐτοῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29stin">ἐστιν</w> <w lemma="au%28%2Fth">αὕτη</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="a%29poiki%2Fas">ἀποικίας</w> <w lemma="h%28">ἡ</w> <w lemma="fh%2Fmh">φήμη</w> <w lemma="para%5C">παρὰ</w> <w lemma="pate%2Frwn">πατέρων</w>, <w lemma="h%28%5Cn">ἣν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29aristote%2Flhs">Ἀριστοτέλης</w> <w lemma="ei%29%2Frhken">εἴρηκεν</w>, <w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="%2Ati%2Fmaios">Τίμαιος</w>. <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w> <w lemma="ge">γε</w> <w lemma="toiau%2Ftas">τοιαύτας</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fferon">ἔφερον</w> <w lemma="a%29podei%2Fceis">ἀποδείξεις</w>.
<w lemma="prw%3Dton">πρῶτον</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Fti">ὅτι</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fnta">πάντα</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="progo%2Fnwn">προγόνων</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fndoca">ἔνδοξα</w> <w lemma="par%27">παρ᾽</w> <w lemma="au%29toi%3Ds">αὐτοῖς</w> <w lemma="a%29po%5C">ἀπὸ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="gunaikw%3Dn">γυναικῶν</w>, <w lemma="ou%29k">οὐκ</w> <w lemma="a%29po%5C">ἀπὸ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="a%29ndrw%3Dn">ἀνδρῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29stin">ἐστιν</w>, <w lemma="oi%28%3Don">οἷον</w> <w lemma="eu%29qe%2Fws">εὐθέως</w> <w lemma="eu%29genei%3Ds">εὐγενεῖς</w> <w lemma="para%5C">παρὰ</w> <w lemma="sfi%2Fsi">σφίσι</w> <w lemma="nomi%2Fzesqai">νομίζεσθαι</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="a%29po%5C">ἀπὸ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="e%28kato%5Cn">ἑκατὸν</w> <w lemma="oi%29kiw%3Dn">οἰκιῶν</w> <w lemma="legome%2Fnous:">λεγομένους·</w>
<w lemma="tau%2Ftas">ταύτας</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dnai">εἶναι</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="e%28kato%5Cn">ἑκατὸν</w> <w lemma="oi%29ki%2Fas">οἰκίας</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="prokriqei%2Fsas">προκριθείσας</w> <w lemma="u%28po%5C">ὑπὸ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Alokrw%3Dn">Λοκρῶν</w> <w lemma="pri%5Cn">πρὶν</w> <w lemma="h%29%5C">ἢ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29poiki%2Fan">ἀποικίαν</w> <w lemma="e%29celqei%3Dn">ἐξελθεῖν</w>, <w lemma="e%29c">ἐξ</w> <w lemma="w%28%3Dn">ὧν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fmellon">ἔμελλον</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="%2Alokroi%5C">Λοκροὶ</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="xrhsmo%5Cn">χρησμὸν</w> <w lemma="klhrou%3Dn">κληροῦν</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="a%29postalhsome%2Fnas">ἀποσταλησομένας</w> <w lemma="parqe%2Fnous">παρθένους</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29%2Filion">Ἴλιον</w>.
<w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w> <w lemma="dh%2F">δή</w> <w lemma="tinas">τινας</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="gunaikw%3Dn">γυναικῶν</w> <w lemma="suneca%3Drai">συνεξᾶραι</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="a%29poiki%2Fas">ἀποικίας</w>, <w lemma="w%28%3Dn">ὧν</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="a%29pogo%2Fnous">ἀπογόνους</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fti">ἔτι</w> <w lemma="nu%3Dn">νῦν</w> <w lemma="eu%29genei%3Ds">εὐγενεῖς</w> <w lemma="nomi%2Fzesqai">νομίζεσθαι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="kalei%3Dsqai">καλεῖσθαι</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="a%29po%5C">ἀπὸ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="e%28kato%5Cn">ἑκατὸν</w> <w lemma="oi%29kiw%3Dn">οἰκιῶν</w>.
<w lemma="pa%2Flin">πάλιν</w> <w lemma="u%28pe%5Cr">ὑπὲρ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="fialhfo%2Frou">φιαληφόρου</w> <w lemma="par%27">παρ᾽</w> <w lemma="au%29toi%3Ds">αὐτοῖς</w> <w lemma="legome%2Fnhs">λεγομένης</w> <w lemma="toiau%2Fth">τοιαύτη</w> <w lemma="tis">τις</w> <w lemma="i%28stori%2Fa">ἱστορία</w> <w lemma="parade%2Fdoto">παραδέδοτο</w>,
<w lemma="dio%2Fti">διότι</w> <w lemma="kaq%27">καθ᾽</w> <w lemma="o%28%5Cn">ὃν</w> <w lemma="kairo%5Cn">καιρὸν</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="%2Asikelou%5Cs">Σικελοὺς</w> <w lemma="e%29kba%2Floien">ἐκβάλοιεν</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="katasxo%2Fntas">κατασχόντας</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="to%2Fpon">τόπον</w> <w lemma="tou%3Dton">τοῦτον</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29itali%2Fas">Ἰταλίας</w>, <w lemma="w%28%3Dn">ὧν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="qusi%2Fais">θυσίαις</w> <w lemma="prohgei%3Dto">προηγεῖτο</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29ndocota%2Ftwn">ἐνδοξοτάτων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="eu%29genesta%2Ftwn">εὐγενεστάτων</w> <w lemma="u%28pa%2Frxwn">ὑπάρχων</w> <w lemma="pai%3Ds">παῖς</w>, <w lemma="au%29toi%5C">αὐτοὶ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="plei%2Fw">πλείω</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Asikelikw%3Dn">Σικελικῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29qw%3Dn">ἐθῶν</w> <w lemma="paralabo%2Fntes">παραλαβόντες</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="mhde%5Cn">μηδὲν</w> <w lemma="au%29toi%3Ds">αὐτοῖς</w> <w lemma="pa%2Ftrion">πάτριον</w> <w lemma="u%28pa%2Frxein">ὑπάρχειν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%3Dto">τοῦτο</w> <w lemma="diafula%2Fttoien">διαφυλάττοιεν</w> <w lemma="a%29p%27">ἀπ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29kei%2Fnwn">ἐκείνων</w>,
<w lemma="au%29to%5C">αὐτὸ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%3Dto">τοῦτο</w> <w lemma="diorqw%2Fsainto">διορθώσαιντο</w>, <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="mh%5C">μὴ</w> <w lemma="pai%3Dda">παῖδα</w> <w lemma="poiei%3Dn">ποιεῖν</w> <w lemma="e%29c">ἐξ</w> <w lemma="au%28tw%3Dn">αὑτῶν</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="fialhfo%2Fron">φιαληφόρον</w>, <w lemma="a%29lla%5C">ἀλλὰ</w> <w lemma="parqe%2Fnon">παρθένον</w>, <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29po%5C">ἀπὸ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="gunaikw%3Dn">γυναικῶν</w> <w lemma="eu%29ge%2Fneian">εὐγένειαν</w>.
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<head>Aristotle's Account of Locri is Correct</head>I happened to have visited the city of the Locrians on<pb n="84" />several occasions, and to have been the means of doing them important services.<note anchored="yes" place="marg" id="note6">The traditions of the colonisation of Locri Epizephyrii agree with the account in Aristotle, rather than with that of Timaeus.</note>For it was I that secured their exemption from the service in Iberia and Dalmatia, which, in accordance with the treaty, they were bound to supply to the Romans, And being released thereby from considerable hardship, danger, and expense, they rewarded me with every mark of honour and kindness. I have therefore reason to speak well of the Locrians rather than the reverse. Still I do not shrink from saying and writing that the account of their colonisation given by Aristotle is truer than that of Timaeus. For I know for certain that the inhabitants themselves acknowledge that the report of Aristotle, and not of Timaeus, is the one which they have received from their ancestors. And they give the following proofs of this. In the first place, they stated that every ancestral distinction existing among them is traced by the female not the male side.<note anchored="yes" place="unspecified" id="note7">Cp. a similar custom of the Lycians,<bibl n="Hdt. 1.173" default="NO" valid="yes">Herod. 1, 173</bibl>.</note>For instance, those are reckoned noble among them who belong to "the hundred families"; and these "hundred families" are those which were marked out by the Locrians, before embarking upon their colonisation, as those from which they were in accordance with the oracle to select the virgins to be sent to <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Ilium&groupId=645&placeId=1183">Ilium</a>. Further, that some of these women joined the colony: and that it is their descendants who are now reckoned noble, and called "the men of the hundred families." Again, the following account of the "cup-bearing" priestess had been received traditionally by them. When they ejected the Sicels who occupied this part of <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Italy&groupId=656&placeId=1199">Italy</a>, finding that it was a custom among them for the processions at their sacrifices to be led by a boy of the most illustrious and high-born family obtainable, and not having any ancestral custom of their own on the subject, they adopted this one, with no other improvement than that of substituting a girl for one of their boys as cupbearer, because nobility with them went by the female line.
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Walbank Commentary