Polybius, Histories

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Book 9 - Chapter 6

1
<w lemma="%2Aou%28%3D">Οὗ</w> <w lemma="genome%2Fnou">γενομένου</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="prospeso%2Fntos">προσπεσόντος</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rw%2Fmhn">Ῥώμην</w>, <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="o%28losxerh%3D">ὁλοσχερῆ</w> <w lemma="sune%2Fbh">συνέβη</w> <w lemma="taraxh%5Cn">ταραχὴν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="fo%2Fbon">φόβον</w> <w lemma="e%29mpesei%3Dn">ἐμπεσεῖν</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="po%2Flin">πόλιν</w>,
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<w lemma="a%28%2Fte">ἅτε</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="pra%2Fgmatos">πράγματος</w> <w lemma="ai%29fnidi%2Fou">αἰφνιδίου</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="o%29%2Fntos">ὄντος</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tele%2Fws">τελέως</w> <w lemma="a%29nelpi%2Fstou">ἀνελπίστου</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="mhde%2Fpote">μηδέποτε</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29anni%2Fban">Ἀννίβαν</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="tosou%3Dton">τοσοῦτον</w> <w lemma="a%29phrke%2Fnai">ἀπηρκέναι</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="po%2Flews">πόλεως</w>, <w lemma="u%28potrexou%2Fshs">ὑποτρεχούσης</w> <w lemma="de%2F">δέ</w> <w lemma="tinos">τινος</w> <w lemma="a%28%2Fma">ἅμα</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="toiau%2Fths">τοιαύτης</w> <w lemma="e%29nnoi%2Fas">ἐννοίας</w> <w lemma="w%28s">ὡς</w> <w lemma="ou%29x">οὐχ</w> <w lemma="oi%28%3Do%2Fn">οἷόν</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="e%29nanti%2Fous">ἐναντίους</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="tosou%3Dton">τοσοῦτον</w> <w lemma="e%29ggi%2Fsai">ἐγγίσαι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="kataqarrh%3Dsai">καταθαρρῆσαι</w> <w lemma="mh%5C">μὴ</w> <w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Akapu%2Fhn">Καπύην</w> <w lemma="stratope%2Fdwn">στρατοπέδων</w> <w lemma="a%29polwlo%2Ftwn">ἀπολωλότων</w>.
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<w lemma="dio%2Fper">διόπερ</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fndres">ἄνδρες</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="tei%2Fxh">τείχη</w> <w lemma="prokatela%2Fmbanon">προκατελάμβανον</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="pro%5C">πρὸ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="po%2Flews">πόλεως</w> <w lemma="eu%29kai%2Frous">εὐκαίρους</w> <w lemma="to%2Fpous">τόπους</w>, <w lemma="ai%28">αἱ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="gunai%3Dkes">γυναῖκες</w> <w lemma="periporeuo%2Fmenai">περιπορευόμεναι</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="naou%5Cs">ναοὺς</w> <w lemma="i%28ke%2Fteuon">ἱκέτευον</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="qeou%2Fs">θεούς</w>, <w lemma="plu%2Fnousai">πλύνουσαι</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="ko%2Fmais">κόμαις</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="i%28erw%3Dn">ἱερῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29da%2Ffh:">ἐδάφη·</w>
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<w lemma="tou%3Dto">τοῦτο</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="au%29tai%3Ds">αὐταῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fqos">ἔθος</w> <w lemma="e%29sti%5C">ἐστὶ</w> <w lemma="poiei%3Dn">ποιεῖν</w>, <w lemma="o%28%2Ftan">ὅταν</w> <w lemma="tis">τις</w> <w lemma="o%28losxerh%5Cs">ὁλοσχερὴς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="patri%2Fda">πατρίδα</w> <w lemma="katalamba%2Fnh%7C">καταλαμβάνῃ</w> <w lemma="ki%2Fndunos">κίνδυνος</w>.
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<w lemma="a%29%2Frti">ἄρτι</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29anni%2Fban">Ἀννίβαν</w> <w lemma="katestratopedeuko%2Ftwn">κατεστρατοπεδευκότων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="dianooume%2Fnwn">διανοουμένων</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="tau%3Dq%27">ταῦθ᾽</w> <w lemma="h%28me%2Fra%7C">ἡμέρᾳ</w> <w lemma="katapeira%2Fzein">καταπειράζειν</w> <w lemma="au%29th%3Ds">αὐτῆς</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="po%2Flews">πόλεως</w>, <w lemma="gi%2Fnetai">γίνεται</w> <w lemma="para%2Fdoco%2Fn">παράδοξόν</w> <w lemma="ti">τι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tuxiko%5Cn">τυχικὸν</w> <w lemma="su%2Fmptwma">σύμπτωμα</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="swthri%2Fan">σωτηρίαν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fois">Ῥωμαίοις</w>.
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<w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Agna%2Fion">Γνάιον</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Apo%2Fplion">Πόπλιον</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="e%28no%5Cs">ἑνὸς</w> <w lemma="stratope%2Fdou">στρατοπέδου</w> <w lemma="pro%2Fteron">πρότερον</w> <w lemma="pepoihme%2Fnoi">πεποιημένοι</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="katagrafh%5Cn">καταγραφὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29no%2Frkous">ἐνόρκους</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dxon">εἶχον</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="stratiw%2Ftas">στρατιώτας</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="e%29kei%2Fnhn">ἐκείνην</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="h%28me%2Fran">ἡμέραν</w> <w lemma="h%28%2Fcein">ἥξειν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Fplois">ὅπλοις</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rw%2Fmhn">Ῥώμην</w>, <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%28te%2Frou">ἑτέρου</w> <w lemma="to%2Fte">τότε</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="katagrafa%5Cs">καταγραφὰς</w> <w lemma="e%29poiou%3Dnto">ἐποιοῦντο</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="dokimasi%2Fas">δοκιμασίας</w>.
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<w lemma="e%29c">ἐξ</w> <w lemma="ou%28%3D">οὗ</w> <w lemma="sune%2Fbh">συνέβη</w> <w lemma="plh%3Dqos">πλῆθος</w> <w lemma="a%29ndrw%3Dn">ἀνδρῶν</w> <w lemma="au%29toma%2Ftws">αὐτομάτως</w> <w lemma="a%28qroisqh%3Dnai">ἁθροισθῆναι</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="de%2Fonta">δέοντα</w> <w lemma="kairo%5Cn">καιρὸν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rw%2Fmhn">Ῥώμην</w>. <w lemma="ou%28%5Cs">οὓς</w> <w lemma="e%29cagago%2Fntes">ἐξαγαγόντες</w> <w lemma="eu%29qarsw%3Ds">εὐθαρσῶς</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="strathgoi%5C">στρατηγοὶ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="parembalo%2Fntes">παρεμβαλόντες</w> <w lemma="pro%5C">πρὸ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="po%2Flews">πόλεως</w> <w lemma="e%29pe%2Fsxon">ἐπέσχον</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="o%28rmh%5Cn">ὁρμὴν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29anni%2Fban">Ἀννίβαν</w>.
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<w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdo%2Fnioi">Καρχηδόνιοι</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="prw%3Dton">πρῶτον</w> <w lemma="w%28%2Frmhsan">ὥρμησαν</w>, <w lemma="ou%29x">οὐχ</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Flws">ὅλως</w> <w lemma="a%29pelpi%2Fzontes">ἀπελπίζοντες</w> <w lemma="ai%28rh%2Fsein">αἱρήσειν</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="kra%2Ftos">κράτος</w> <w lemma="au%29th%5Cn">αὐτὴν</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rw%2Fmhn:">Ῥώμην·</w> <w lemma="sunqeasa%2Fmenoi">συνθεασάμενοι</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="u%28penanti%2Fous">ὑπεναντίους</w> <w lemma="paratetagme%2Fnous">παρατεταγμένους</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="taxe%2Fws">ταχέως</w> <w lemma="dia%2F">διά</w> <w lemma="tinos">τινος</w> <w lemma="ai%29xmalw%2Ftou">αἰχμαλώτου</w> <w lemma="puqo%2Fmenoi">πυθόμενοι</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="gegono%2Fs">γεγονός</w>, <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="po%2Flin">πόλιν</w> <w lemma="e%29pibolh%3Ds">ἐπιβολῆς</w> <w lemma="a%29pe%2Fsthsan">ἀπέστησαν</w>, <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="xw%2Fran">χώραν</w> <w lemma="e%29dh%2F%7Coun">ἐδῄουν</w> <w lemma="e%29piporeuo%2Fmenoi">ἐπιπορευόμενοι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="oi%29ki%2Fas">οἰκίας</w> <w lemma="e%29nepi%2Fmprasan">ἐνεπίμπρασαν</w>.
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<w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ou%29%3Dn">οὖν</w> <w lemma="a%29rxa%5Cs">ἀρχὰς</w> <w lemma="a%29nari%2Fqmhton">ἀναρίθμητον</w> <w lemma="perielasa%2Fmenoi">περιελασάμενοι</w> <w lemma="lei%2Fas">λείας</w> <w lemma="plh%3Dqos">πλῆθος</w> <w lemma="h%28%2Fqroisan">ἥθροισαν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="parembolh%2Fn">παρεμβολήν</w>, <w lemma="w%28s">ὡς</w> <w lemma="a%29%5Cn">ἂν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fgran">ἄγραν</w> <w lemma="h%28%2Fkontes">ἥκοντες</w> <w lemma="toiau%2Fthn">τοιαύτην</w>
When the news reached <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Rome&groupId=935&placeId=1669">Rome</a> it caused universal panic and consternation among the inhabitants,
the thing being so sudden and so entirely unexpected, as Hannibal had never before been so close to the city. Besides this, a suspicion prevailed that the enemy would never have approached so near and displayed such audacity if the legions before Capua had not been destroyed.
The men, therefore, occupied the walls and the most advantageous positions outside the town, while the women made the round of the temples and implored the help of the gods, sweeping the pavements of the holy places with their hair —
for such is their custom when their country is in extreme peril.
But just after Hannibal had established his camp, and while he was contemplating an attempt on the city itself for the following day, an unexpected stroke of luck intervened to save <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Rome&groupId=935&placeId=1669">Rome</a>.
Gnaeus Fulvius and Publius Sulpicius had completed the enrolment of one legion, and had engaged the soldiers on their oath to present themselves in arms at <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Rome&groupId=935&placeId=1669">Rome</a> exactly on this day, and they were now engaged in enrolling and testing the men for a second legion;
and the consequence was that a large number of men were spontaneously collected in <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Rome&groupId=935&placeId=1669">Rome</a> just when they were required. The consuls led them out confidently, and drawing them up in front of the city put a check on Hannibal\'s ardour.
For the Carthaginians had at first eagerly advanced not without hope of taking <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Rome&groupId=935&placeId=1669">Rome</a> itself by assault, but when they saw the enemy drawn up in battle order, and when very soon afterwards they learnt the truth from a prisoner, they abandoned the project of attacking the city and took to overrunning and plundering the country and burning the houses.
At first they drove into their camp a vast collection of captured animals, as they were in a country which no one ever expected would be entered by an enemy;