Polybius, Histories

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Book 8 - Chapter 21

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<w lemma="%2Aou%29">Οὐ</w> <w lemma="mh%5Cn">μὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29ll%27">ἀλλ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%28%2Fma">ἅμα</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="fwti%5C">φωτὶ</w> <w lemma="sunaqroizome%2Fnwn">συναθροιζομένων</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="fi%2Flwn">φίλων</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="skhnh%5Cn">σκηνὴν</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="e%29qismo%2Fn">ἐθισμόν</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="pra%2Fgmatos">πράγματος</w> <w lemma="u%28po%5C">ὑπὸ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="o%29%2Fyin">ὄψιν</w> <w lemma="qewroume%2Fnou">θεωρουμένου</w>, <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="paraplh%2Fsion">παραπλήσιον</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="basilei%3D">βασιλεῖ</w> <w lemma="sune%2Fbaine">συνέβαινε</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fsxein">πάσχειν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fllous:">ἄλλους·</w> <w lemma="qauma%2Fzontes">θαυμάζοντες</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="gegono%5Cs">γεγονὸς</w> <w lemma="h%29pi%2Fstoun">ἠπίστουν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="o%28rwme%2Fnois">ὁρωμένοις</w>.
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<w lemma="kaqi%2Fsantos">καθίσαντος</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="sunedri%2Fou">συνεδρίου</w>, <w lemma="polloi%5C">πολλοὶ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="e%29gi%2Fnonto">ἐγίνοντο</w> <w lemma="lo%2Fgoi">λόγοι</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="ti%2Fsi">τίσι</w> <w lemma="dei%3D">δεῖ</w> <w lemma="kat%27">κατ᾽</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%3D">αὐτοῦ</w> <w lemma="xrh%2Fsasqai">χρήσασθαι</w> <w lemma="timwri%2Fais:">τιμωρίαις·</w>
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<w lemma="e%29%2Fdoce">ἔδοξε</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="ou%29%3Dn">οὖν</w> <w lemma="prw%3Dton">πρῶτον</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="a%29krwthria%2Fsai">ἀκρωτηριάσαι</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="talai%2Fpwron">ταλαίπωρον</w>, <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="kefalh%5Cn">κεφαλὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29potemo%2Fntas">ἀποτεμόντας</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%3D">αὐτοῦ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="katarra%2Fyantas">καταρράψαντας</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="o%29%2Fneion">ὄνειον</w> <w lemma="a%29sko%5Cn">ἀσκὸν</w> <w lemma="a%29nastaurw%3Dsai">ἀνασταυρῶσαι</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="sw%3Dma">σῶμα</w>.
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<w lemma="genome%2Fnwn">γενομένων</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="duna%2Fmews">δυνάμεως</w> <w lemma="e%29pignou%2Fshs">ἐπιγνούσης</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="sumbebhko%2Fs">συμβεβηκός</w>, <w lemma="toiou%3Dtos">τοιοῦτος</w> <w lemma="e%29nqousiasmo%5Cs">ἐνθουσιασμὸς</w> <w lemma="e%29ge%2Fneto">ἐγένετο</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="para%2Fstasis">παράστασις</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="stratope%2Fdou">στρατοπέδου</w> <w lemma="panto%5Cs">παντὸς</w> <w lemma="w%28%2Fste">ὥστε</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2Alaodi%2Fkhn">Λαοδίκην</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fkras">ἄκρας</w> <w lemma="mo%2Fnon">μόνον</w> <w lemma="suneidui%3Dan">συνειδυῖαν</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fcodon">ἔξοδον</w> <w lemma="ta%29ndro%2Fs">τἀνδρός</w>, <w lemma="tekmh%2Frasqai">τεκμήρασθαι</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="gegono%5Cs">γεγονὸς</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="strato%2Fpedon">στρατόπεδον</w> <w lemma="taraxh%3Ds">ταραχῆς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="kinh%2Fsews">κινήσεως</w>.
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<w lemma="taxu%5C">ταχὺ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="kh%2Frukos">κήρυκος</w> <w lemma="paragenome%2Fnou">παραγενομένου</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2Alaodi%2Fkhn">Λαοδίκην</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="diasafou%3Dntos">διασαφοῦντος</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29axaio%2Fn">Ἀχαιόν</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="keleu%2Fontos">κελεύοντος</w> <w lemma="ti%2Fqesqai">τίθεσθαι</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="pra%2Fgmata">πράγματα</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="paraxwrei%3Dn">παραχωρεῖν</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fkras">ἄκρας</w>,
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<w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="prw%3Dton">πρῶτον</w> <w lemma="a%29napo%2Fkritos">ἀναπόκριτος</w> <w lemma="oi%29mwgh%5C">οἰμωγὴ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="qrh%3Dnoi">θρῆνοι</w> <w lemma="para%2Flogoi">παράλογοι</w> <w lemma="katei%3Dxon">κατεῖχον</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29kro%2Fpolin">ἀκρόπολιν</w>, <w lemma="ou%29x">οὐχ</w> <w lemma="ou%28%2Ftws">οὕτως</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29axaio%5Cn">Ἀχαιὸν</w> <w lemma="eu%29%2Fnoian">εὔνοιαν</w> <w lemma="w%28s">ὡς</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="para%2Fdocon">παράδοξον</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tele%2Fws">τελέως</w> <w lemma="a%29ne%2Flpiston">ἀνέλπιστον</w> <w lemma="e%28ka%2Fstw%7C">ἑκάστῳ</w> <w lemma="fai%2Fnesqai">φαίνεσθαι</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="sumbebhko%2Fs">συμβεβηκός</w>,
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<w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="pollh%2F">πολλή</w> <w lemma="tis">τις</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w> <w lemma="a%29pori%2Fa">ἀπορία</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="dusxrhsti%2Fa">δυσχρηστία</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fndon">ἔνδον</w>.
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<w lemma="%2A%29anti%2Foxos">Ἀντίοχος</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="diakexeirisme%2Fnos">διακεχειρισμένος</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29axaio%5Cn">Ἀχαιὸν</w> <w lemma="e%29pei%3Dxe">ἐπεῖχε</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fkran">ἄκραν</w> <w lemma="a%29ei%2F">ἀεί</w>, <w lemma="pepeisme%2Fnos">πεπεισμένος</w> <w lemma="a%29formh%5Cn">ἀφορμὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fndon">ἔνδον</w> <w lemma="au%28tw%3D%7C">αὑτῷ</w> <w lemma="paradoqh%2Fsesqai">παραδοθήσεσθαι</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="ma%2Flista">μάλιστα</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="stratiwtw%3Dn">στρατιωτῶν</w>.
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<w lemma="o%28%5C">ὃ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="te%2Flos">τέλος</w> <w lemma="e%29ge%2Fneto:">ἐγένετο·</w> <w lemma="stasia%2Fsantes">στασιάσαντες</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="sfa%3Ds">σφᾶς</w> <w lemma="e%29meri%2Fsqhsan">ἐμερίσθησαν</w>, <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29ari%2Fbazon">Ἀρίβαζον</w>, <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2Alaodi%2Fkhn">Λαοδίκην</w>. <w lemma="ou%28%3D">οὗ</w> <w lemma="genome%2Fnou">γενομένου</w> <w lemma="diapisth%2Fsantes">διαπιστήσαντες</w> <w lemma="a%29llh%2Flois">ἀλλήλοις</w> <w lemma="taxe%2Fws">ταχέως</w> <w lemma="a%29mfo%2Fteroi">ἀμφότεροι</w> <w lemma="pare%2Fdosan">παρέδοσαν</w> <w lemma="au%28tou%5Cs">αὑτοὺς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="a%29kropo%2Fleis">ἀκροπόλεις</w>. <w lemma="%2A%29axaio%5Cs">Ἀχαιὸς</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ou%29%3Dn">οὖν</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fnta">πάντα</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="lo%2Fgon">λόγον</w> <w lemma="pra%2Fcas">πράξας</w>,
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<w lemma="u%28po%5C">ὑπὸ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="pisteuqe%2Fntwn">πιστευθέντων</w> <w lemma="h%28tthqei%5Cs">ἡττηθεὶς</w> <w lemma="a%29qesi%2Fas">ἀθεσίας</w>, <w lemma="katestre%2Fyato">κατεστρέψατο</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="bi%2Fon">βίον</w>, <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="du%2Fo">δύο</w> <w lemma="tro%2Fpous">τρόπους</w> <w lemma="ou%29k">οὐκ</w> <w lemma="a%29nwfele%5Cs">ἀνωφελὲς</w> <w lemma="u%28po%2Fdeigma">ὑπόδειγμα</w> <w lemma="geno%2Fmenos">γενόμενος</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29pesome%2Fnois">ἐπεσομένοις</w>,
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<w lemma="kaq%27">καθ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%28%2Fna">ἕνα</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="mhdeni%5C">μηδενὶ</w> <w lemma="pisteu%2Fein">πιστεύειν</w> <w lemma="r%28a%7Cdi%2Fws">ῥᾳδίως</w>, <w lemma="kaq%27">καθ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%28%2Fteron">ἕτερον</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="mh%5C">μὴ</w> <w lemma="megalauxei%3Dn">μεγαλαυχεῖν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="eu%29pragi%2Fais">εὐπραγίαις</w>, <w lemma="pa%3Dn">πᾶν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="prosdoka%3Dn">προσδοκᾶν</w> <w lemma="a%29nqrw%2Fpous">ἀνθρώπους</w> <w lemma="o%29%2Fntas">ὄντας</w>. [<foreign lang="la">Cod. Urb. fol. 109 exc. ant. p. 199 et inde ab 360, 10.</foreign><w lemma="pisteu%2Fein">πιστεύειν</w> <foreign lang="la">Exc. Vat. p. 374 M. 27, 1 H. post unius folii lacunam v. VIII, 36, 9</foreign>.<w lemma=""></w>]
when at dawn the king's friends flocked to his tent, as was the custom, and saw the thing with their own eyes, they were in the same case as the king himself had been; for they were so astonished that they could not credit their sense.
At the subsequent sitting of the Council, there were many proposals as to the proper punishment to inflict on Achaeus, and it was decided to lop off in the first place the unhappy prince's extremities, and then, after cutting off his head and sewing it up in an ass's skin, to crucify his body.
When this had been done, and the army was informed of what had happened, there was such enthusiasm and wild excitement throughout the whole camp, that Laodice, who was alone aware of her husband's departure from the citadel, when she witnessed the commotion and disturbance in the camp, divined the truth.
And when soon afterwards the herald reached her, announcing the fate of Achaeus and bidding her come to an arrangement and withdraw from the citadel, there was at first no answer from those in the citadel but loud wailing and extravagant lamentation, not so much owing to the affection they bore Achaeus as because the event struck everyone as so strange and entirely unexpected.
After this outburst the garrison continued in great perplexity and hesitation.
Antiochus having dispatched Achaeus continued to press hard upon those in the citadel, feeling convinced that some means of taking the place would be furnished him by the garrison itself and more especially by the rank and file.
And this actually took place. For they quarrelled among themselves and divided into two factions, the one placing itself under Aribazus and the other under Laodice; upon which as they had no confidence in each other, they both of them very soon surrendered themselves and the place.
Thus did Achaeus perish, after taking every reasonable precaution and defeated only by the perfidy of those whom he had trusted, leaving two useful lessons to posterity, firstly to trust no one too easily, and secondly not to be boastful in the season of prosperity, but being men to be prepared for anything.