Polybius, Histories

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Book 5 - Chapter 82

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<w lemma="%2Aoi%28">Οἱ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="basilei%3Ds">βασιλεῖς</w> <w lemma="pe%2Fnq%27">πένθ᾽</w> <w lemma="h%28me%2Fras">ἡμέρας</w> <w lemma="a%29ntistratopedeu%2Fsantes">ἀντιστρατοπεδεύσαντες</w> <w lemma="a%29llh%2Flois">ἀλλήλοις</w>, <w lemma="e%29%2Fgnwsan">ἔγνωσαν</w> <w lemma="a%29mfo%2Fteroi">ἀμφότεροι</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="ma%2Fxhs">μάχης</w> <w lemma="kri%2Fnein">κρίνειν</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="pra%2Fgmata">πράγματα</w>.
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<w lemma="katarxome%2Fnwn">καταρχομένων</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Aptolemai%3Don">Πτολεμαῖον</w> <w lemma="kinei%3Dn">κινεῖν</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="du%2Fnamin">δύναμιν</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="xa%2Frakos">χάρακος</w>, <w lemma="eu%29qe%2Fws">εὐθέως</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29anti%2Foxon">Ἀντίοχον</w> <w lemma="a%29ntech%3Dgon">ἀντεξῆγον</w>. <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="fa%2Flaggas">φάλαγγας</w> <w lemma="a%29mfo%2Fteroi">ἀμφότεροι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="e%29pile%2Fktous">ἐπιλέκτους</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Amakedoniko%5Cn">Μακεδονικὸν</w> <w lemma="tro%2Fpon">τρόπον</w> <w lemma="kaqwplisme%2Fnous">καθωπλισμένους</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="pro%2Fswpon">πρόσωπον</w> <w lemma="a%29llh%2Flwn">ἀλλήλων</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Ftacan">ἔταξαν</w>,
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<w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="ke%2Frata">κέρατα</w> <w lemma="%2Aptolemai%2Fw%7C">Πτολεμαίῳ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="e%28ka%2Ftera">ἑκάτερα</w> <w lemma="toutoni%5C">τουτονὶ</w> <w lemma="suni%2Fstato">συνίστατο</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="tro%2Fpon">τρόπον</w>. <w lemma="%2Apolukra%2Fths">Πολυκράτης</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dxe">εἶχε</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="u%28f%27">ὑφ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%28auto%5Cn">ἑαυτὸν</w> <w lemma="i%28ppe%2Fwn">ἱππέων</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="laio%5Cn">λαιὸν</w> <w lemma="ke%2Fras:">κέρας·</w>
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<w lemma="tou%2Ftou">τούτου</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="fa%2Flaggos">φάλαγγος</w> <w lemma="metacu%5C">μεταξὺ</w> <w lemma="%2Akrh%3Dtes">Κρῆτες</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dsan">ἦσαν</w> <w lemma="par%27">παρ᾽</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%5Cs">αὐτοὺς</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="i%28ppei%3Ds">ἱππεῖς</w>, <w lemma="e%28ch%3Ds">ἑξῆς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftois">τούτοις</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="basiliko%5Cn">βασιλικὸν</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fghma">ἄγημα</w>, <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftous">τούτους</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="%2Aswkra%2Ftous">Σωκράτους</w> <w lemma="peltastai%2F">πελτασταί</w>, <w lemma="suna%2Fptontes">συνάπτοντες</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="%2Ali%2Fbusi">Λίβυσι</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Amakedoniko%5Cn">Μακεδονικὸν</w> <w lemma="tro%2Fpon">τρόπον</w> <w lemma="kaqwplisme%2Fnois">καθωπλισμένοις</w>.
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<w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="deciou%3D">δεξιοῦ</w> <w lemma="ke%2Frws">κέρως</w> <w lemma="%2A%29exekra%2Fths">Ἐχεκράτης</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="%2Aqettalo%2Fs">Θετταλός</w>, <w lemma="e%29%2Fxwn">ἔχων</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="u%28f%27">ὑφ᾽</w> <w lemma="au%28to%5Cn">αὑτὸν</w> <w lemma="i%28ppei%3Ds:">ἱππεῖς·</w> <w lemma="para%5C">παρὰ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%3Dton">τοῦτον</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="eu%29wnu%2Fmwn">εὐωνύμων</w>.
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<w lemma="i%28%2Fstanto">ἵσταντο</w> <w lemma="%2Agala%2Ftai">Γαλάται</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Aqra%3D%7Ckes:">Θρᾷκες·</w> <w lemma="e%28ch%3Ds">ἑξῆς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftois">τούτοις</w> <w lemma="%2Afoci%2Fdas">Φοξίδας</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dxe">εἶχε</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="a%29po%5C">ἀπὸ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="%2A%28ella%2Fdos">Ἑλλάδος</w> <w lemma="misqofo%2Frous">μισθοφόρους</w>, <w lemma="suna%2Fptontas">συνάπτοντας</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Aai%29gupti%2Fwn">Αἰγυπτίων</w> <w lemma="falaggi%2Ftais">φαλαγγίταις</w>.
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<w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="qhri%2Fwn">θηρίων</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="tettara%2Fkonta">τετταράκοντα</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="laio%5Cn">λαιὸν</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w>, <w lemma="e%29f%27">ἐφ᾽</w> <w lemma="ou%28%3D">οὗ</w> <w lemma="%2Aptolemai%3Dos">Πτολεμαῖος</w> <w lemma="au%29to%5Cs">αὐτὸς</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fmelle">ἔμελλε</w> <w lemma="poiei%3Dsqai">ποιεῖσθαι</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="ki%2Fndunon">κίνδυνον</w>, <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tria%2Fkonta">τριάκοντα</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tri%2Fa">τρία</w> <w lemma="pro%5C">πρὸ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="deciou%3D">δεξιοῦ</w> <w lemma="ke%2Fratos">κέρατος</w> <w lemma="e%29te%2Ftakto">ἐτέτακτο</w> <w lemma="kat%27">κατ᾽</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%5Cs">αὐτοὺς</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="misqofo%2Frous">μισθοφόρους</w> <w lemma="i%28ppei%3Ds">ἱππεῖς</w>.
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<w lemma="%2A%29anti%2Foxos">Ἀντίοχος</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="e%28ch%2Fkonta">ἑξήκοντα</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29lefa%2Fntwn">ἐλεφάντων</w>, <w lemma="e%29f%27">ἐφ᾽</w> <w lemma="w%28%3Dn">ὧν</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w> <w lemma="%2Afi%2Flippos">Φίλιππος</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="su%2Fntrofos">σύντροφος</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%3D">αὐτοῦ</w>, <w lemma="pro%5C">πρὸ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="deciou%3D">δεξιοῦ</w> <w lemma="ke%2Fratos">κέρατος</w> <w lemma="proe%2Fsthse">προέστησε</w>, <w lemma="kaq%27">καθ᾽</w> <w lemma="o%28%5C">ὃ</w> <w lemma="poiei%3Dsqai">ποιεῖσθαι</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="ki%2Fndunon">κίνδυνον</w> <w lemma="au%29to%5Cs">αὐτὸς</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fmelle">ἔμελλε</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Aptolemai%3Don:">Πτολεμαῖον·</w>
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<w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kato%2Fpin">κατόπιν</w> <w lemma="disxili%2Fous">δισχιλίους</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="i%28ppei%3Ds">ἱππεῖς</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="u%28p%27">ὑπ᾽</w> <w lemma="%2A%29anti%2Fpatron">Ἀντίπατρον</w> <w lemma="tattome%2Fnous">ταττομένους</w> <w lemma="e%29pe%2Fsthse">ἐπέστησε</w>, <w lemma="disxili%2Fous">δισχιλίους</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="e%29pikampi%2Fw%7C">ἐπικαμπίῳ</w> <w lemma="parene%2Fbale">παρενέβαλε</w>.
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<w lemma="para%5C">παρὰ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="i%28ppei%3Ds">ἱππεῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="metw%2Fpw%7C">μετώπῳ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="%2Akrh%3Dtas">Κρῆτας</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fsthse:">ἔστησε·</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftois">τούτοις</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%28ch%3Ds">ἑξῆς</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Ftace">ἔταξε</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="a%29po%5C">ἀπὸ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="%2A%28ella%2Fdos">Ἑλλάδος</w> <w lemma="misqofo%2Frous:">μισθοφόρους·</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Amakedoniko%5Cn">Μακεδονικὸν</w> <w lemma="tro%2Fpon">τρόπον</w> <w lemma="kaqwplisme%2Fnwn">καθωπλισμένων</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="%2Abutta%2Fkou">Βυττάκου</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="%2Amakedo%2Fnos">Μακεδόνος</w> <w lemma="o%29%2Fntas">ὄντας</w> <w lemma="pentakisxili%2Fous">πεντακισχιλίους</w> <w lemma="parene%2Fbale">παρενέβαλε</w>.
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<w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="eu%29wnu%2Fmou">εὐωνύμου</w> <w lemma="ta%2Fcews">τάξεως</w> <w lemma="e%29p%27">ἐπ᾽</w> <w lemma="au%29to%5C">αὐτὸ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="ke%2Fras">κέρας</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fqhke">ἔθηκε</w> <w lemma="disxili%2Fous">δισχιλίους</w> <w lemma="i%28ppei%3Ds">ἱππεῖς</w>, <w lemma="w%28%3Dn">ὧν</w> <w lemma="h%28gei%3Dto">ἡγεῖτο</w> <w lemma="%2Aqemi%2Fswn">Θεμίσων</w>, <w lemma="para%5C">παρὰ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftous">τούτους</w> <w lemma="%2Aka%2Frdakas">Κάρδακας</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Aludou%5Cs">Λυδοὺς</w> <w lemma="a%29kontista%2Fs">ἀκοντιστάς</w>, <w lemma="e%28ch%3Ds">ἑξῆς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftois">τούτοις</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="u%28po%5C">ὑπὸ</w> <w lemma="%2Amene%2Fdhmon">Μενέδημον</w> <w lemma="eu%29zw%2Fnous">εὐζώνους</w>, <w lemma="o%29%2Fntas">ὄντας</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="trisxili%2Fous">τρισχιλίους</w>,
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<w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftous">τούτους</w> <w lemma="%2Akissi%2Fous">Κισσίους</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Amh%2Fdous">Μήδους</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Akarmani%2Fous">Καρμανίους</w>, <w lemma="para%5C">παρὰ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftous">τούτους</w> <w lemma="%2A%29%2Farabas">Ἄραβας</w> <w lemma="a%28%2Fma">ἅμα</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="prosxw%2Frois">προσχώροις</w>, <w lemma="suna%2Fptontas">συνάπτοντας</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="fa%2Flaggi">φάλαγγι</w>.
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<w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kata%2Floipa">κατάλοιπα</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="qhri%2Fwn">θηρίων</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="laiou%3D">λαιοῦ</w> <w lemma="ke%2Fratos">κέρατος</w> <w lemma="proeba%2Fleto">προεβάλετο</w>, <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="basilikw%3Dn">βασιλικῶν</w> <w lemma="tina">τινα</w> <w lemma="gegono%2Fta">γεγονότα</w> <w lemma="pai%2Fdwn">παίδων</w> <w lemma="e%29pisth%2Fsas">ἐπιστήσας</w> <w lemma="%2Amui+%2Fskon">Μυΐσκον</w>.
The kings after remaining encamped opposite each other for five days both resolved to decide matters by a battle.
The moment that Ptolemy began to move his army out of camp, Antiochus followed his example. Both of them placed the phalanxes of the picked troops armed in the Macedonian fashion confronting each other in the centre.
Ptolemy's two wings were formed as follows. Polycrates with his cavalry held the extreme left wing,
and between him and the phalanx stood first the Cretans, next the cavalry, then the royal guard, then the peltasts under Socrates, these latter being next those Lybians who were armed in the Macedonian manner.
On the extreme right wing was Echecrates with his cavalry, and on his left stood Gauls and Thracians,
and next them was Phoxidas with his Greek mercenaries in immediate contact with the Egyptian phalanx.
Of the elephants forty were posted on the left where Ptolemy himself was about to fight, and the remaining thirty-three in front of the mercenary cavalry on the right wing.
Antiochus placed sixty of his elephants under the command of his foster-brother Philip in front of his right wing, where he was to fight in person against Ptolemy.
Behind the elephants he posted two thousand horse under Antipater and two thousand more at an angle with them.
Next the cavalry facing the front, he placed the Cretans, then the mercenaries from Greece and next these the five thousand armed in the Macedonian fashion under the command of Byttacus the Macedonian.
On his extreme left wing he posted two thousand horse under the command of Themison, next these the Cardacian and Lydian javelineers, then three thousand light-armed troops under Menedemus,
after these the Cissians, Medes, and Carmanians, and finally, in contact with the phalanx, the Arabs and neighbouring tribes.
His remaining elephants he placed in front of his left wing under the command of Myïcus, one of the young men who had been brought up at court.