Polybius, Histories

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Book 5 - Chapter 69

1
<w lemma="na%2Fmews">νάμεως</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="prokeime%2Fnhn">προκειμένην</w> <w lemma="xrei%2Fan">χρείαν</w>. <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Ali%2Fbanon">Λίβανον</w> <w lemma="parwrei%2Fas">παρωρείας</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="to%2Fpous">τόπους</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftous">τούτους</w> <w lemma="sugkleiou%2Fshs">συγκλειούσης</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="parali%2Fan">παραλίαν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="steno%5Cn">στενὸν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="braxu%5Cn">βραχὺν</w> <w lemma="to%2Fpon">τόπον</w>, <w lemma="sumbai%2Fnei">συμβαίνει</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%3Dton">τοῦτον</w> <w lemma="au%29to%5Cn">αὐτὸν</w> <w lemma="r%28a%2Fxei">ῥάχει</w> <w lemma="dusba%2Ftw%7C">δυσβάτῳ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="traxei%2Fa%7C">τραχείᾳ</w> <w lemma="diezw%3Dsqai">διεζῶσθαι</w>, <w lemma="stenh%5Cn">στενὴν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="dusxerh%3D">δυσχερῆ</w> <w lemma="par%27">παρ᾽</w> <w lemma="au%29th%5Cn">αὐτὴν</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="qa%2Flattan">θάλατταν</w> <w lemma="a%29poleipou%2Fsh%7C">ἀπολειπούσῃ</w> <w lemma="pa%2Frodon">πάροδον</w>.
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<w lemma="e%29f%27">ἐφ᾽</w> <w lemma="h%28%3D%7C">ᾗ</w> <w lemma="to%2Fte">τότε</w> <w lemma="%2Aniko%2Flaos">Νικόλαος</w> <w lemma="parembeblhkw%2Fs">παρεμβεβληκώς</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="a%29ndrw%3Dn">ἀνδρῶν</w> <w lemma="plh%2Fqei">πλήθει</w> <w lemma="prokateilhfw%5Cs">προκατειληφὼς</w> <w lemma="to%2Fpous">τόπους</w>, <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="xeiropoih%2Ftois">χειροποιήτοις</w> <w lemma="kataskeuai%3Ds">κατασκευαῖς</w> <w lemma="dihsfalisme%2Fnos">διησφαλισμένος</w>, <w lemma="r%28a%7Cdi%2Fws">ῥᾳδίως</w> <w lemma="e%29pe%2Fpeisto">ἐπέπειστο</w> <w lemma="kwlu%2Fsein">κωλύσειν</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="ei%29so%2Fdou">εἰσόδου</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29anti%2Foxon">Ἀντίοχον</w>.
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<w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="basileu%5Cs">βασιλεὺς</w> <w lemma="dielw%5Cn">διελὼν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="tri%2Fa">τρία</w> <w lemma="me%2Frh">μέρη</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="du%2Fnamin">δύναμιν</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="e%28%5Cn">ἓν</w> <w lemma="%2Aqeodo%2Ftw%7C">Θεοδότῳ</w> <w lemma="pare%2Fdwke">παρέδωκε</w>, <w lemma="prosta%2Fcas">προστάξας</w> <w lemma="sumple%2Fkesqai">συμπλέκεσθαι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="bia%2Fzesqai">βιάζεσθαι</w> <w lemma="par%27">παρ᾽</w> <w lemma="au%29th%5Cn">αὐτὴν</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="parw%2Freian">παρώρειαν</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="%2Aliba%2Fnou">Λιβάνου</w>,
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<w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%28%2Fteron">ἕτερον</w> <w lemma="%2Amenedh%2Fmw%7C">Μενεδήμῳ</w>, <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="pleio%2Fnwn">πλειόνων</w> <w lemma="e%29nteila%2Fmenos">ἐντειλάμενος</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="me%2Fshn">μέσην</w> <w lemma="peira%2Fzein">πειράζειν</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="r%28a%2Fxin:">ῥάχιν·</w>
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<w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tri%2Fton">τρίτον</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="qa%2Flattan">θάλατταν</w> <w lemma="a%29pe%2Fneime">ἀπένειμε</w>, <w lemma="%2Adiokle%2Fa">Διοκλέα</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="strathgo%5Cn">στρατηγὸν</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="%2Aparapotami%2Fas">Παραποταμίας</w> <w lemma="h%28gemo%2Fna">ἡγεμόνα</w> <w lemma="susth%2Fsas">συστήσας</w>.
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<w lemma="au%29to%5Cs">αὐτὸς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="qerapei%2Fas">θεραπείας</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dxe">εἶχε</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="me%2Fson">μέσον</w> <w lemma="to%2Fpon">τόπον</w>, <w lemma="pa%2Fnta">πάντα</w> <w lemma="boulo%2Fmenos">βουλόμενος</w> <w lemma="e%29popteu%2Fein">ἐποπτεύειν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="panti%5C">παντὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="deome%2Fnw%7C">δεομένῳ</w> <w lemma="parabohqei%3Dn">παραβοηθεῖν</w>.
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<w lemma="a%28%2Fma">ἅμα</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftois">τούτοις</w> <w lemma="e%29chrtume%2Fnoi">ἐξηρτυμένοι</w> <w lemma="parene%2Fbalon">παρενέβαλον</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="naumaxi%2Fan">ναυμαχίαν</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Adio%2Fgnhton">Διόγνητον</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Aperige%2Fnhn">Περιγένην</w>, <w lemma="suna%2Fptontes">συνάπτοντες</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="dunato%5Cn">δυνατὸν</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="gh%3D%7C">γῇ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="peirw%2Fmenoi">πειρώμενοι</w> <w lemma="poiei%3Dn">ποιεῖν</w> <w lemma="w%28s">ὡς</w> <w lemma="a%29%5Cn">ἂν</w> <w lemma="ei%29">εἰ</w> <w lemma="mi%2Fan">μίαν</w> <w lemma="e%29pifa%2Fneian">ἐπιφάνειαν</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="pezomaxi%2Fas">πεζομαχίας</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="naumaxi%2Fas">ναυμαχίας</w>.
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<w lemma="pa%2Fntwn">πάντων</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="poihsame%2Fnwn">ποιησαμένων</w> <w lemma="a%29f%27">ἀφ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%28no%5Cs">ἑνὸς</w> <w lemma="shmei%2Fou">σημείου</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="paragge%2Flmatos">παραγγέλματος</w> <w lemma="e%28no%5Cs">ἑνὸς</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="prosbola%2Fs">προσβολάς</w>, <w lemma="h%28">ἡ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="naumaxi%2Fa">ναυμαχία</w> <w lemma="pa%2Frison">πάρισον</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dxe">εἶχε</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="ki%2Fndunon">κίνδυνον</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="plh%2Fqei">πλήθει</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="paraskeuai%3Ds">παρασκευαῖς</w> <w lemma="paraplh%2Fsion">παραπλήσιον</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dnai">εἶναι</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="par%27">παρ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29mfoi%3Dn">ἀμφοῖν</w> <w lemma="nautiko%2Fn">ναυτικόν</w>,
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<w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="pezw%3Dn">πεζῶν</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="prw%3Dton">πρῶτον</w> <w lemma="e%29pekra%2Ftoun">ἐπεκράτουν</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="%2Anikola%2Fou">Νικολάου</w>, <w lemma="sugxrw%2Fmenoi">συγχρώμενοι</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="to%2Fpwn">τόπων</w> <w lemma="o%29xuro%2Fthsi">ὀχυρότησι</w>, <w lemma="taxu%5C">ταχὺ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Aqeo%2Fdoton">Θεόδοτον</w> <w lemma="e%29kbiasame%2Fnwn">ἐκβιασαμένων</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="parwrei%2Fa%7C">παρωρείᾳ</w>, <w lemma="ka%29%2Fpeita">κἄπειτα</w> <w lemma="poioume%2Fnwn">ποιουμένων</w> <w lemma="e%29c">ἐξ</w> <w lemma="u%28perdeci%2Fou">ὑπερδεξίου</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Ffodon">ἔφοδον</w>, <w lemma="trape%2Fntes">τραπέντες</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Aniko%2Flaon">Νικόλαον</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Ffeugon">ἔφευγον</w> <w lemma="protropa%2Fdhn">προτροπάδην</w> <w lemma="a%28%2Fpantes">ἅπαντες</w>.
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<w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="fugh%5Cn">φυγὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fpeson">ἔπεσον</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3Dn">αὐτῶν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="disxili%2Fous">δισχιλίους</w>, <w lemma="zwgri%2Fa%7C">ζωγρίᾳ</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%28a%2Flwsan">ἑάλωσαν</w> <w lemma="ou%29k">οὐκ</w> <w lemma="e%29la%2Fttous">ἐλάττους</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftwn:">τούτων·</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="loipoi%5C">λοιποὶ</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fntes">πάντες</w> <w lemma="a%29pexw%2Frhsan">ἀπεχώρησαν</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Asidw%3Dnos">Σιδῶνος</w>.
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<w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="%2Aperige%2Fnhs">Περιγένης</w>, <w lemma="e%29pikude%2Fsteros">ἐπικυδέστερος</w> <w lemma="w%29%5Cn">ὢν</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29lpi%2Fsi">ἐλπίσι</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="naumaxi%2Fan">ναυμαχίαν</w>, <w lemma="sunqewrh%2Fsas">συνθεωρήσας</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="pezou%5Cs">πεζοὺς</w> <w lemma="e%29la%2Fttwma">ἐλάττωμα</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="diatrapei%2Fs">διατραπείς</w>, <w lemma="a%29sfalw%3Ds">ἀσφαλῶς</w> <w lemma="e%29poih%2Fsato">ἐποιήσατο</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29poxw%2Frhsin">ἀποχώρησιν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%5Cs">αὐτοὺς</w> <w lemma="to%2Fpous">τόπους</w>.
At this part of the coast it is reduced by the slopes of Libanus to a small and narrow zone, and across this itself runs a steep and rocky ridge, leaving only a very narrow and difficult passage along the sea-shore.
It was here that Nicolaus had posted himself, occupying some of the ground with a numerous force and securing other portions by artificial defenses, so that he felt sure of being able to prevent Antiochus from passing.
The king, dividing his force into three parts, entrusted the one to Theodotus, ordering him to attack and force the line under the actual foot of Libanus; the second he placed under the command of Menedemus, giving him detailed orders to attempt the passage of the spur in the centre, while he assigned to the third body under the command of Diocles, the military governor of <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Parapotamia&groupId=843&placeId=1522">Parapotamia</a>, the task of attacking along the sea-shore.
He himself with his bodyguard took up a central position, wishing to command a view of the whole field and render assistance where required.
At the same time the fleets under Diognetus and Perigenes prepared for a naval engagement approach as near as possible to the shore, and attempting to make the battle at sea and on land present as it were a continuous front.
Upon the word of command for the attack being given simultaneously all along the line, the battle by sea remained undecided, as the two fleets were equally matched in number and efficiency,
while on land Nicolaus' forces at first had the upper hand, favoured as they were by the strength of their position; but when Theodotus forced back the enemy at the foot of the mountain and then charged from higher ground, Nicolaus and his whole force turned and fled precipitately.
About two thousand of them perished in the rout, and an equal number were taken prisoners, the rest retreating to <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Sidon&groupId=977&placeId=491">Sidon</a>.
Perigenes, who had high hope of success in the sea battle, when he saw the defeat of the army, lost confidence and retired in safety to the same place.