Polybius, Histories

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Book 5 - Chapter 2

1
<w lemma="%2Adoca%2Fntwn">Δοξάντων</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w>, <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29axaioi%5C">Ἀχαιοὶ</w> <w lemma="dielu%2Fqhsan">διελύθησαν</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="po%2Fleis:">πόλεις·</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="basilei%3D">βασιλεῖ</w> <w lemma="bouleuome%2Fnw%7C">βουλευομένῳ</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="fi%2Flwn">φίλων</w>, <w lemma="e%29peidh%5C">ἐπειδὴ</w> <w lemma="sunh%3Dlqon">συνῆλθον</w> <w lemma="ai%28">αἱ</w> <w lemma="duna%2Fmeis">δυνάμεις</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="paraxeimasi%2Fas">παραχειμασίας</w>, <w lemma="e%29%2Fdoce">ἔδοξε</w> <w lemma="xrh%3Dsqai">χρῆσθαι</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="qa%2Flattan">θάλατταν</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="pole%2Fmw%7C">πολέμῳ</w>.
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<w lemma="ou%28%2Ftws">οὕτως</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="e%29pe%2Fpeisto">ἐπέπειστο</w> <w lemma="mo%2Fnws">μόνως</w> <w lemma="au%29to%5Cs">αὐτὸς</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="dunh%2Fsesqai">δυνήσεσθαι</w> <w lemma="taxe%2Fws">ταχέως</w> <w lemma="pantaxo%2Fqen">πανταχόθεν</w> <w lemma="e%29pifai%2Fnesqai">ἐπιφαίνεσθαι</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="polemi%2Fois">πολεμίοις</w>, <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="u%28penanti%2Fous">ὑπεναντίους</w> <w lemma="h%28%2Fkist%27">ἥκιστ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29%5Cn">ἂν</w> <w lemma="du%2Fnasqai">δύνασθαι</w> <w lemma="parabohqei%3Dn">παραβοηθεῖν</w> <w lemma="a%29llh%2Flois">ἀλλήλοις</w>,
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<w lemma="a%28%2Fte">ἅτε</w> <w lemma="diespasme%2Fnous">διεσπασμένους</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="xw%2Frais">χώραις</w>, <w lemma="dedio%2Ftas">δεδιότας</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%28ka%2Fstous">ἑκάστους</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="sfw%3Dn">σφῶν</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29dhlo%2Fthta">ἀδηλότητα</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="ta%2Fxos">τάχος</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="qa%2Flattan">θάλατταν</w> <w lemma="parousi%2Fas">παρουσίας</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="polemi%2Fwn:">πολεμίων·</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="%2Aai%29twlou%5Cs">Αἰτωλοὺς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Alakedaimoni%2Fous">Λακεδαιμονίους</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fti">ἔτι</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="%2A%29hlei%2Fous">Ἠλείους</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="po%2Flemos">πόλεμος</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3D%7C">αὐτῷ</w>.
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<w lemma="kriqe%2Fntwn">κριθέντων</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w>, <w lemma="h%28%2Fqroize">ἥθροιζε</w> <w lemma="ta%2Fs">τάς</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29axaiw%3Dn">Ἀχαιῶν</w> <w lemma="nh%3Das">νῆας</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="sfete%2Fras">σφετέρας</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="%2Ale%2Fxaion">Λέχαιον</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="sunexei%3Ds">συνεχεῖς</w> <w lemma="poiou%2Fmenos">ποιούμενος</w> <w lemma="a%29napei%2Fras">ἀναπείρας</w> <w lemma="e%29gu%2Fmnaze">ἐγύμναζε</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="falaggi%2Ftas">φαλαγγίτας</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="sunei%2Fqize">συνείθιζε</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="ei%29resi%2Fais">εἰρεσίαις</w>, <w lemma="proqu%2Fmws">προθύμως</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3D%7C">αὐτῷ</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="paraggello%2Fmenon">παραγγελλόμενον</w> <w lemma="sunupakouo%2Fntwn">συνυπακουόντων</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Amakedo%2Fnwn:">Μακεδόνων·</w>
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<w lemma="pro%2Fs">πρός</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="gh%3D%7C">γῇ</w> <w lemma="kindu%2Fnous">κινδύνους</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="parata%2Fcews">παρατάξεως</w> <w lemma="gennaio%2Ftatoi">γενναιότατοι</w> <w lemma="pro%2Fs">πρός</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="qa%2Flattan">θάλατταν</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="kairou%3D">καιροῦ</w> <w lemma="xrei%2Fas">χρείας</w> <w lemma="e%28toimo%2Ftatoi">ἑτοιμότατοι</w>, <w lemma="leitourgoi%2F">λειτουργοί</w> <w lemma="ge">γε</w> <w lemma="mh%5Cn">μὴν</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="tafrei%2Fas">ταφρείας</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="xarakopoii%2Fas">χαρακοποιίας</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pa%3Dsan">πᾶσαν</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="toiau%2Fthn">τοιαύτην</w> <w lemma="talaipwri%2Fan">ταλαιπωρίαν</w> <w lemma="filoponw%2Ftatoi%2F">φιλοπονώτατοί</w> <w lemma="tines">τινες</w>,
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<w lemma="oi%28%2Fous">οἵους</w> <w lemma="%2A%28hsi%2Fodos">Ἡσίοδος</w> <w lemma="pareisa%2Fgei">παρεισάγει</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="%2Aai%29aki%2Fdas">Αἰακίδας</w>, <w lemma="pole%2Fmw%7C">πολέμῳ</w> <w lemma="kexarho%2Ftas">κεχαρηότας</w> <w lemma="h%29u+%2Fte">ἠΰτε</w> <w lemma="daiti%2F">δαιτί</w>.
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<w lemma=""></w> <w lemma="%2A%28o">Ὁ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ou%29%3Dn">οὖν</w> <w lemma="basileu%5Cs">βασιλεὺς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Amakedo%2Fnwn">Μακεδόνων</w> <w lemma="plh%3Dqos">πλῆθος</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="%2Akori%2Fnqw%7C">Κορίνθῳ</w> <w lemma="die%2Ftribe">διέτριβε</w>, <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="qa%2Flattan">θάλατταν</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fskhsin">ἄσκησιν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="paraskeuh%5Cn">παρασκευὴν</w> <w lemma="gino%2Fmenos:">γινόμενος·</w>
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<w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="%2A%29apellh%3Ds">Ἀπελλῆς</w>, <w lemma="ou%29%2Ft%27">οὔτ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29pikratei%3Dn">ἐπικρατεῖν</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="%2Afili%2Fppou">Φιλίππου</w> <w lemma="duna%2Fmenos">δυνάμενος</w> <w lemma="ou%29%2Fte">οὔτε</w> <w lemma="fe%2Frein">φέρειν</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29la%2Fttwsin">ἐλάττωσιν</w> <w lemma="parorw%2Fmenos">παρορώμενος</w>, <w lemma="poiei%3Dtai">ποιεῖται</w> <w lemma="sunwmosi%2Fan">συνωμοσίαν</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Aleo%2Fntion">Λεόντιον</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Amegale%2Fan">Μεγαλέαν</w>, <w lemma="w%28%2Fst%27">ὥστ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29kei%2Fnous">ἐκείνους</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="sumparo%2Fntas">συμπαρόντας</w> <w lemma="e%29p%27">ἐπ᾽</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3Dn">αὐτῶν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="kairw%3Dn">καιρῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29qelokakei%3Dn">ἐθελοκακεῖν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="lumai%2Fnesqai">λυμαίνεσθαι</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="basile%2Fws">βασιλέως</w> <w lemma="xrei%2Fas">χρείας</w>, <w lemma="au%29to%5Cs">αὐτὸς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="xwrisqei%5Cs">χωρισθεὶς</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="%2Axalki%2Fda">Χαλκίδα</w> <w lemma="fronti%2Fzein">φροντίζειν</w> <w lemma="i%28%2Fna">ἵνα</w> <w lemma="mhdamo%2Fqen">μηδαμόθεν</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3D%7C">αὐτῷ</w> <w lemma="xorhgi%2Fa">χορηγία</w> <w lemma="paragi%2Fnhtai">παραγίνηται</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="e%29pibola%2Fs">ἐπιβολάς</w>.
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<w lemma="ou%28%3Dtos">οὗτος</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ou%29%3Dn">οὖν</w> <w lemma="toiau%3Dta">τοιαῦτα</w> <w lemma="sunqe%2Fmenos">συνθέμενος</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="kakotropeusa%2Fmenos">κακοτροπευσάμενος</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="proeirhme%2Fnous">προειρημένους</w> <w lemma="a%29ph%3Dren">ἀπῆρεν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2Axalki%2Fda">Χαλκίδα</w>; <w lemma="skh%2Fyeis">σκήψεις</w> <w lemma="tina%5Cs">τινὰς</w> <w lemma="eu%29lo%2Fgous">εὐλόγους</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="basile%2Fa">βασιλέα</w> <w lemma="porisa%2Fmenos:">πορισάμενος·</w>
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<w lemma="ka%29kei%3D">κἀκεῖ</w> <w lemma="diatri%2Fbwn">διατρίβων</w> <w lemma="ou%28%2Ftws">οὕτως</w> <w lemma="bebai%2Fws">βεβαίως</w> <w lemma="e%29th%2Frei">ἐτήρει</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Frkous">ὅρκους</w>, <w lemma="pa%2Fntwn">πάντων</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3D%7C">αὐτῷ</w> <w lemma="peiqarxou%2Fntwn">πειθαρχούντων</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="progegenhme%2Fnhn">προγεγενημένην</w> <w lemma="pi%2Fstin">πίστιν</w>, <w lemma="w%28%2Fste">ὥστε</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="teleutai%3Don">τελευταῖον</w> <w lemma="a%29nagkasqh%3Dnai">ἀναγκασθῆναι</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="basile%2Fa">βασιλέα</w> <w lemma="di%27">δι᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29pori%2Fan">ἀπορίαν</w> <w lemma="e%29ne%2Fxura">ἐνέχυρα</w> <w lemma="tiqe%2Fnta">τιθέντα</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="xrei%2Fan">χρείαν</w> <w lemma="a%29rgurwma%2Ftwn">ἀργυρωμάτων</w> <w lemma="a%29po%5C">ἀπὸ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w> <w lemma="poiei%3Dsqai">ποιεῖσθαι</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="diagwgh%2Fn">διαγωγήν</w>.
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<w lemma="h%28qroisme%2Fnwn">ἡθροισμένων</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="ploi%2Fwn">πλοίων</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Amakedo%2Fnwn">Μακεδόνων</w> <w lemma="h%29%2Fdh">ἤδη</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="ei%29resi%2Fais">εἰρεσίαις</w> <w lemma="kathrtisme%2Fnwn">κατηρτισμένων</w>, <w lemma="sitometrh%2Fsas">σιτομετρήσας</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="misqodoth%2Fsas">μισθοδοτήσας</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="basileu%5Cs">βασιλεὺς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="du%2Fnamin">δύναμιν</w> <w lemma="a%29nh%2Fxqh">ἀνήχθη</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="kath%3Dre">κατῆρε</w> <w lemma="deuterai%3Dos">δευτεραῖος</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="%2Apa%2Ftras">Πάτρας</w>, <w lemma="e%29%2Fxwn">ἔχων</w> <w lemma="%2Amakedo%2Fnas">Μακεδόνας</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="e%28cakisxili%2Fous">ἑξακισχιλίους</w>, <w lemma="misqofo%2Frous">μισθοφόρους</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="xili%2Fous">χιλίους</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="diakosi%2Fous">διακοσίους</w>.
After passing this decree the Achaeans dispersed to their several cities. When the troops had mustered from their winter quarters, the king at a council of his friends decided to prosecute the war by sea.
This, he was convinced, was the only way by which he could himself fall suddenly on his enemies from every side, while at the same time his adversaries would be deprived of the power of rendering assistance to each other,
separated as they were geographically and each in alarm for their own safety owing to the rapidity and secrecy with which the enemy could descend on them by sea. For it was against the Aetolians, Lacedaemonians, and Eleans that he was fighting.
Having resolved on this he collected at the <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Lechaeum&groupId=675&placeId=1234">Lechaeum</a> the Achaean ships and his own, and by constant practice trained the soldiers of the phalanx to row. The Macedonians obeyed his orders in this respect with the utmost alacrity,
for they are not only most intrepid in regular battles on land, but very ready to undertake temporary service at sea, and also industrious in digging trenches,
just as Hesiod represents the sons of Achaeus to be "joying in war as if it were a feast."
The king, then, and the bulk of the Macedonian army remained in <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Corinth&groupId=493&placeId=928">Corinth</a> occupied with this training and preparation.
But Apelles, being unable either to keep Philip under his influence or to endure the diminishment of his power that resulted from the king\'s disregard, formed a conspiracy with Leontius and Megaleas by which these two were to remain with Philip and in the actual hour of need damage the king\'s service by deliberate neglect, while he himself would withdraw to <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Chalcis&groupId=457&placeId=853">Chalcis</a> and take care that the supplies required for Philip\'s project should not reach him from any quarter.
Having come to this mischievous understanding with these two colleagues, he left for <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Chalcis&groupId=457&placeId=853">Chalcis</a>, alleging some plausible pretext to the king,
and remaining there so effectually kept his sworn word, all yielding him obedience owing to his former credit at court, that at length the king was in such want of money that he was compelled to pawn some of the plate in use at his table and subsist on the proceeds.
When the ships were collected, the Macedonians being now well instructed in rowing, the king, after issuing rations of corn to his troops and paying them, put to sea, and on the second day arrived at Patrae with six thousand Macedonians and twelve hundred mercenaries.