Polybius, Histories

Layout
Translation

Book 4 - Chapter 76

1
<w lemma="%2A%29apellh%3Ds">Ἀπελλῆς</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w>, <w lemma="o%28%5Cs">ὃς</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ei%28%3Ds">εἷς</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="u%28p%27">ὑπ᾽</w> <w lemma="%2A%29antigo%2Fnou">Ἀντιγόνου</w> <w lemma="kataleifqe%2Fntwn">καταλειφθέντων</w> <w lemma="e%29pitro%2Fpwn">ἐπιτρόπων</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="paido%2Fs">παιδός</w>, <w lemma="plei%3Dston">πλεῖστον</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29tu%2Fgxane">ἐτύγχανε</w> <w lemma="to%2Fte">τότε</w> <w lemma="duna%2Fmenos">δυνάμενος</w> <w lemma="para%5C">παρὰ</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="basilei%3D">βασιλεῖ</w>, <w lemma="boulhqei%5Cs">βουληθεὶς</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29axaiw%3Dn">Ἀχαιῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fqnos">ἔθνος</w> <w lemma="a%29gagei%3Dn">ἀγαγεῖν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="paraplhsi%2Fan">παραπλησίαν</w> <w lemma="dia%2Fqesin">διάθεσιν</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="%2Aqettalw%3Dn">Θετταλῶν</w>, <w lemma="e%29peba%2Fleto">ἐπεβάλετο</w> <w lemma="pra%3Dgma">πρᾶγμα</w> <w lemma="poiei%3Dn">ποιεῖν</w> <w lemma="moxqhro%2Fn">μοχθηρόν</w>.
2
<w lemma="%2Aqettaloi%5C">Θετταλοὶ</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="e%29do%2Fkoun">ἐδόκουν</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="no%2Fmous">νόμους</w> <w lemma="politeu%2Fein">πολιτεύειν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="polu%5C">πολὺ</w> <w lemma="diafe%2Frein">διαφέρειν</w> <w lemma="%2Amakedo%2Fnwn">Μακεδόνων</w>, <w lemma="die%2Fferon">διέφερον</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="ou%29de%2Fn">οὐδέν</w>, <w lemma="a%29lla%5C">ἀλλὰ</w> <w lemma="pa%3Dn">πᾶν</w> <w lemma="o%28moi%2Fws">ὁμοίως</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fpasxon">ἔπασχον</w> <w lemma="%2Amakedo%2Fsi">Μακεδόσι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pa%3Dn">πᾶν</w> <w lemma="e%29poi%2Foun">ἐποίουν</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="prostatto%2Fmenon">προσταττόμενον</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="basilikoi%3Ds">βασιλικοῖς</w>.
3
<w lemma="dio%5C">διὸ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="tau%2Fthn">ταύτην</w> <w lemma="a%28rmozo%2Fmenos">ἁρμοζόμενος</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="u%28po%2Fqesin">ὑπόθεσιν</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="proeirhme%2Fnos">προειρημένος</w> <w lemma="e%29peba%2Fleto">ἐπεβάλετο</w> <w lemma="katapeira%2Fzein">καταπειράζειν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="sustrateuome%2Fnwn">συστρατευομένων</w>.
4
<w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ou%29%3Dn">οὖν</w> <w lemma="prw%3Dton">πρῶτον</w> <w lemma="e%29pe%2Ftreye">ἐπέτρεψε</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="%2Amakedo%2Fsin">Μακεδόσιν</w> <w lemma="e%29kbalei%3Dn">ἐκβαλεῖν</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="staqmw%3Dn">σταθμῶν</w> <w lemma="a%29ei%5C">ἀεὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="prokate%2Fxontas">προκατέχοντας</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29axaiw%3Dn">Ἀχαιῶν</w> <w lemma="katalu%2Fseis">καταλύσεις</w>, <w lemma="o%28moi%2Fws">ὁμοίως</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="lei%2Fan">λείαν</w> <w lemma="a%29fairei%3Dsqai:">ἀφαιρεῖσθαι·</w>
5
<w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="xei%3Dras">χεῖρας</w> <w lemma="prose%2Ffere">προσέφερε</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="u%28phretw%3Dn">ὑπηρετῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="tuxou%2Fsais">τυχούσαις</w> <w lemma="ai%29ti%2Fais">αἰτίαις</w>, <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="sunaganaktou%3Dntas">συναγανακτοῦντας</w> <w lemma="h%29%5C">ἢ</w> <w lemma="prosbohqou%3Dntas">προσβοηθοῦντας</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="mastigoume%2Fnois">μαστιγουμένοις</w> <w lemma="parw%5Cn">παρὼν</w> <w lemma="au%29to%5Cs">αὐτὸς</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="a%28%2Flusin">ἅλυσιν</w> <w lemma="a%29ph%3Dge">ἀπῆγε</w>,
6
<w lemma="pepeisme%2Fnos">πεπεισμένος</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="toiou%2Ftou">τοιούτου</w> <w lemma="tro%2Fpou">τρόπου</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="braxu%5C">βραχὺ</w> <w lemma="lh%2Fsein">λήσειν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="sunh%2Fqeian">συνήθειαν</w> <w lemma="a%29gagw%5Cn">ἀγαγὼν</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="mhde%2Fna">μηδένα</w> <w lemma="mhde%5Cn">μηδὲν</w> <w lemma="h%28gei%3Dsqai">ἡγεῖσθαι</w> <w lemma="deino%2Fn">δεινόν</w>, <w lemma="o%28%2F">ὅ</w> <w lemma="pot%27">ποτ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29%5Cn">ἂν</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fsxh%7C">πάσχῃ</w> <w lemma="tis">τις</w> <w lemma="u%28po%5C">ὑπὸ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="basile%2Fws">βασιλέως</w>,
7
<w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="mikroi%3Ds">μικροῖς</w> <w lemma="xro%2Fnois">χρόνοις</w> <w lemma="pro%2Fteron">πρότερον</w> <w lemma="met%27">μετ᾽</w> <w lemma="%2A%29antigo%2Fnou">Ἀντιγόνου</w> <w lemma="sunestrateume%2Fnos">συνεστρατευμένος</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="teqeame%2Fnos">τεθεαμένος</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29axaiou%5Cs">Ἀχαιοὺς</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Fti">ὅτι</w> <w lemma="panto%5Cs">παντὸς</w> <w lemma="deinou%3D">δεινοῦ</w> <w lemma="labei%3Dn">λαβεῖν</w> <w lemma="pei%3Dran">πεῖραν</w> <w lemma="u%28pe%2Fmeinan">ὑπέμειναν</w>, <w lemma="e%29f%27">ἐφ᾽</w> <w lemma="w%28%3D%7C">ᾧ</w> <w lemma="mh%5C">μὴ</w> <w lemma="poiei%3Dn">ποιεῖν</w> <w lemma="%2Akleome%2Fnei">Κλεομένει</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="prostatto%2Fmenon">προσταττόμενον</w>.
8
<w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="mh%5Cn">μὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29lla%5C">ἀλλὰ</w> <w lemma="sustrafe%2Fntwn">συστραφέντων</w> <w lemma="tinw%3Dn">τινῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29axai+kw%3Dn">Ἀχαϊκῶν</w> <w lemma="neani%2Fskwn">νεανίσκων</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="proselqo%2Fntwn">προσελθόντων</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29%2Faraton">Ἄρατον</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="diasafou%2Fntwn">διασαφούντων</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29apellou%3D">Ἀπελλοῦ</w> <w lemma="bou%2Flhsin">βούλησιν</w>, <w lemma="h%28%3Dkon">ἧκον</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Afi%2Flippon">Φίλιππον</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29%2Faraton">Ἄρατον</w>, <w lemma="kri%2Fnantes">κρίναντες</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="a%29rxai%3Ds">ἀρχαῖς</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="toiou%2Ftwn">τοιούτων</w> <w lemma="dii%2Fstasqai">διίστασθαι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="mh%5C">μὴ</w> <w lemma="katame%2Fllein">καταμέλλειν</w>. <w lemma="e%29ntuxo%2Fntwn">ἐντυχόντων</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3Dn">αὐτῶν</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="basilei%3D">βασιλεῖ</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w>,
9
<w lemma="diakou%2Fsas">διακούσας</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="%2Afi%2Flippos">Φίλιππος</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="gegono%2Fta">γεγονότα</w>, <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="neani%2Fskous">νεανίσκους</w> <w lemma="pareka%2Flei">παρεκάλει</w> <w lemma="qarrei%3Dn">θαρρεῖν</w>, <w lemma="w%28s">ὡς</w> <w lemma="ou%29deno%5Cs">οὐδενὸς</w> <w lemma="au%29toi%3Ds">αὐτοῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fti">ἔτι</w> <w lemma="sumbhsome%2Fnou">συμβησομένου</w> <w lemma="toiou%2Ftou">τοιούτου</w>, <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="%2A%29apellh%3D%7C">Ἀπελλῇ</w> <w lemma="parh%2Fggeile">παρήγγειλε</w> <w lemma="mhde%5Cn">μηδὲν</w> <w lemma="e%29pita%2Fttein">ἐπιτάττειν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29axaioi%3Ds">Ἀχαιοῖς</w> <w lemma="xwri%5Cs">χωρὶς</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="strathgou%3D">στρατηγοῦ</w> <w lemma="gnw%2Fmhs">γνώμης</w>.
One of the guardians of the young Philip left by Antigonus was Apelles, who had at this time very great influence with the king. He now entered on the base project of reducing the Achaeans to a position similar to that of the Thessalians.
For the Thessalians, though supposed to be governed constitutionally and much more liberally than the Macedonians, were as a fact treated in just the same way and obeyed all the orders of the king's ministers.
Apelles, therefore, in furtherance of this design began to test the temper of the Achaean contingent.
He began by allowing the Macedonians to eject from their quarters such Achaeans as had secured billets, and also to appropriate their share of the booty.
He next began to inflict personal chastisement on Achaeans by the hands of his subordinates for quite trivial reasons, and himself carried off to bondage anyone who protested against the floggings or attempted to help the victims, being persuaded that by these means he would gradually and imperceptibly accustom them to submit without remonstrance to any treatment the king chose to inflict on them — and this in spite of the fact that he had shortly before made the campaign with Antigonus, and seen how the Achaeans were ready to face any danger rather than obey the behest of Cleomenes.
Some of the young Achaeans, however, met together, and coming before Aratus, pointed out the design that Apelles was pursuing, whereupon Aratus approached Philip, judging it better in such a matter to express his disapproval at the outset and without delay.
He laid the matter before the king, who, when made aware of the circumstances, bade the young men lay aside all fear, since nothing of the kind would occur again, and ordered Apelles to issue no orders to the Achaeans without consulting their strategus.