Polybius, Histories

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Book 4 - Chapter 36

1
<w lemma="%2A%28o">Ὁ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="%2Amaxata%3Ds">Μαχατᾶς</w>, <w lemma="puqo%2Fmenos">πυθόμενος</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="gegono%2Fta">γεγονότα</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="%2Alakedaimoni%2Fous">Λακεδαιμονίους</w>, <w lemma="h%28%3Dke">ἧκε</w> <w lemma="pa%2Flin">πάλιν</w> <w lemma="u%28postre%2Fyas">ὑποστρέψας</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2Aspa%2Frthn">Σπάρτην</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pareka%2Flei">παρεκάλει</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="e%29fo%2Frous">ἐφόρους</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="basile%2Fas">βασιλέας</w> <w lemma="e%29canegkei%3Dn">ἐξανεγκεῖν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29axaioi%3Ds">Ἀχαιοῖς</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="po%2Flemon:">πόλεμον·</w>
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<w lemma="mo%2Fnws">μόνως</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="ou%28%2Ftws">οὕτως</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Ffh">ἔφη</w> <w lemma="lh%3Dcai">λῆξαι</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Alakedaimoni%2Fwn">Λακεδαιμονίων</w> <w lemma="filoneiki%2Fan">φιλονεικίαν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="panto%5Cs">παντὸς</w> <w lemma="tro%2Fpou">τρόπου</w> <w lemma="diakopto%2Fntwn">διακοπτόντων</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="%2Aai%29twlou%5Cs">Αἰτωλοὺς</w> <w lemma="summaxi%2Fan">συμμαχίαν</w> <w lemma="th%2Fn">τήν</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="%2Aai%29twli%2Fa%7C">Αἰτωλίᾳ</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="paraplh%2Fsia">παραπλήσια</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftois">τούτοις</w> <w lemma="pratto%2Fntwn">πραττόντων</w>.
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<w lemma="peisqe%2Fntwn">πεισθέντων</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29fo%2Frwn">ἐφόρων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="basile%2Fwn">βασιλέων</w>, <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="%2Amaxata%3Ds">Μαχατᾶς</w> <w lemma="e%29panh%3Dlqe">ἐπανῆλθε</w>, <w lemma="suntetelesme%2Fnos">συντετελεσμένος</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="pro%2Fqesin">πρόθεσιν</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fgnoian">ἄγνοιαν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="sumpratto%2Fntwn">συμπραττόντων</w>,
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<w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="%2Alukou%3Drgos">Λυκοῦργος</w> <w lemma="a%29nalabw%5Cn">ἀναλαβὼν</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="stratiw%2Ftas">στρατιώτας</w> <w lemma="kai%2F">καί</w> <w lemma="tinas">τινας</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="politikw%3Dn">πολιτικῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29ne%2Fbalen">ἐνέβαλεν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29argei%2Fan">Ἀργείαν</w>, <w lemma="a%29fula%2Fktws">ἀφυλάκτως</w> <w lemma="diakeime%2Fnwn">διακειμένων</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="te%2Flos">τέλος</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29argei%2Fwn">Ἀργείων</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="prou+pa%2Frxousan">προϋπάρχουσαν</w> <w lemma="kata%2Fstasin">κατάστασιν</w>.
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<w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Apoli%2Fxnan">Πολίχναν</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Aprasi%2Fas">Πρασίας</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Aleu%2Fkas">Λεύκας</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Aku%2Ffanta">Κύφαντα</w> <w lemma="prospesw%5Cn">προσπεσὼν</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Ffnw">ἄφνω</w> <w lemma="kate%2Fsxe:">κατέσχε·</w> <w lemma="%2Aglumpe%2Fsi">Γλυμπέσι</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Aza%2Fraki">Ζάρακι</w> <w lemma="prospesw%5Cn">προσπεσὼν</w> <w lemma="a%29pe%2Fpese">ἀπέπεσε</w>.
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<w lemma="tou%2Ftou">τούτου</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="pra%2Fcantos">πράξαντος</w>, <w lemma="e%29pekh%2Frucan">ἐπεκήρυξαν</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="la%2Ffuron">λάφυρον</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="%2Alakedaimo%2Fnioi">Λακεδαιμόνιοι</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29axaiw%3Dn">Ἀχαιῶν</w>. <w lemma="e%29%2Fpeisan">ἔπεισαν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29hlei%2Fous">Ἠλείους</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Amaxata%3Dn">Μαχατᾶν</w>, <w lemma="paraplh%2Fsia">παραπλήσια</w> <w lemma="le%2Fgontes">λέγοντες</w> <w lemma="a%28%2Fper">ἅπερ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="%2Alakedaimoni%2Fous">Λακεδαιμονίους</w>, <w lemma="e%29cenegkei%3Dn">ἐξενεγκεῖν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29axaioi%3Ds">Ἀχαιοῖς</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="po%2Flemon">πόλεμον</w>.
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<w lemma=""></w> <w lemma="%2Aparado%2Fcws">Παραδόξως</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="nou%3Dn">νοῦν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="%2Aai%29twloi%3Ds">Αἰτωλοῖς</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="pragma%2Ftwn">πραγμάτων</w> <w lemma="prokexwrhko%2Ftwn">προκεχωρηκότων</w>, <w lemma="ou%28%3Dtoi">οὗτοι</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="eu%29qarsw%3Ds">εὐθαρσῶς</w> <w lemma="e%29ne%2Fbainon">ἐνέβαινον</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="po%2Flemon">πόλεμον</w>, <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="%2A%29axaioi%5C">Ἀχαιοὶ</w> <w lemma="ta%29nanti%2Fa:">τἀναντία·</w> <w lemma="%2Afi%2Flippos">Φίλιππος</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ga%2Fr">γάρ</w>,
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<w lemma="e%29f%27">ἐφ᾽</w> <w lemma="w%28%3D%7C">ᾧ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="e%29lpi%2Fdas">ἐλπίδας</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dxon">εἶχον</w>, <w lemma="a%29kmh%5Cn">ἀκμὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29gi%2Fneto">ἐγίνετο</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="paraskeuh%2Fn">παρασκευήν</w>, <w lemma="%2A%29hpeirw%3Dtai">Ἠπειρῶται</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fmellon">ἔμελλον</w> <w lemma="polemei%3Dn">πολεμεῖν</w>,
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<w lemma="%2Amessh%2Fnioi">Μεσσήνιοι</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="h%28suxi%2Fan">ἡσυχίαν</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dxon">εἶχον</w>, <w lemma="%2Aai%29twloi%5C">Αἰτωλοὶ</w> <w lemma="de%2F">δέ</w>, <w lemma="proseilhfo%2Ftes">προσειληφότες</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29hlei%2Fwn">Ἠλείων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Alakedaimoni%2Fwn">Λακεδαιμονίων</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fgnoian">ἄγνοιαν</w>, <w lemma="pantaxo%2Fqen">πανταχόθεν</w> <w lemma="periei%3Dxon">περιεῖχον</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%5Cs">αὐτοὺς</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="pole%2Fmw%7C">πολέμῳ</w>.
When Machatas heard what had happened in <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Sparta&groupId=660&placeId=1208">Sparta</a>, he returned there and urged the ephors and kings to make war on the Achaeans,
for that he said was the only means of putting a stop to the factious policy of those Lacedaemonians who wished by any and every means to break the alliance with the Aetolians and of those in Aetolia who were working for the same end.
Upon the ephors and kings consenting, Machatas returned, having accomplished his purpose owing to the blindness of those who supported him. Lycurgus now, taking the regular army and some others of the citizens, invaded <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Argolis&groupId=360&placeId=687">Argolis</a>, the <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Argives&groupId=361&placeId=688">Argives</a> being quite off their guard owing to the prevailing tranquillity.
By a sudden assault he seized <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Polichna&groupId=909&placeId=1633">Polichna</a>, <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Prasiae&groupId=912&placeId=1638">Prasiae</a>, <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Leucae&groupId=680&placeId=1245">Leucae</a>, and Cyphanta, but was repulsed in his attack on Glympes and <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Zarax&groupId=1062&placeId=1867">Zarax</a>.
After these achievements of the king the Lacedaemonians proclaimed the right of reprisal against the Achaeans. Machatas also persuaded the Eleans by the same arguments that he had used at <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Sparta&groupId=660&placeId=1208">Sparta</a> to make war on the Achaeans.
Owing to their cause having thus prospered beyond their expectations the Aetolians entered on the war with confidence. But it was quite the opposite with the Achaeans; for Philip, in whom they chiefly trusted, had not completed his preparations, the Epirots were putting off the commencement of hostilities, the Messenians were entirely inactive, and the Aetolians, supported by the mistaken policy of <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Elis&groupId=560&placeId=1048">Elis</a> and <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Sparta&groupId=660&placeId=1208">Sparta</a>, had enclosed them in a circle of war.