Polybius, Histories

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Book 38 - Chapter 13

1
<w lemma="proqe%2Fsews">προθέσεως</w>. <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="gerousi%2Fas">γερουσίας</w> <w lemma="boulome%2Fnwn">βουλομένων</w> <w lemma="e%29pilamba%2Fnesqai">ἐπιλαμβάνεσθαι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="kwlu%2Fein">κωλύειν</w> <w lemma="au%29to%5Cn">αὐτὸν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="toiou%2Ftwn">τοιούτων</w> <w lemma="lo%2Fgwn">λόγων</w>, <w lemma="perispasa%2Fmenos">περισπασάμενος</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="stratiw%2Ftas">στρατιώτας</w> <w lemma="katani%2Fstato">κατανίστατο</w>, <w lemma="keleu%2Fwn">κελεύων</w> <w lemma="proselqei%3Dn">προσελθεῖν</w>, <w lemma="e%29ggi%2Fsai">ἐγγίσαι</w>, <w lemma="tolmh%3Dsai%2F">τολμῆσαί</w> <w lemma="tina">τινα</w> <w lemma="mo%2Fnon">μόνον</w> <w lemma="a%28%2Fyasqai">ἅψασθαι</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="xlamu%2Fdos">χλαμύδος</w>.
2
<w lemma="kaqo%2Flou">καθόλου</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Ffh">ἔφη</w> <w lemma="polu%5Cn">πολὺν</w> <w lemma="h%29%2Fdh">ἤδη</w> <w lemma="xro%2Fnon">χρόνον</w> <w lemma="parakatesxhkw%5Cs">παρακατεσχηκὼς</w> <w lemma="au%28to%5Cn">αὑτὸν</w> <w lemma="ou%29ke%2Fti">οὐκέτι</w> <w lemma="du%2Fnasqai">δύνασθαι</w> <w lemma="karterei%3Dn">καρτερεῖν</w>, <w lemma="a%29ll%27">ἀλλ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29rei%3Dn">ἐρεῖν</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="faino%2Fmenon">φαινόμενον</w>.
3
<w lemma="dei%3Dn">δεῖν</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="%2Alakedaimoni%2Fous">Λακεδαιμονίους</w> <w lemma="ou%29de%5C">οὐδὲ</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fous">Ῥωμαίους</w> <w lemma="a%29gwnia%3Dn">ἀγωνιᾶν</w> <w lemma="ou%28%2Ftws">οὕτως</w> <w lemma="w%28s">ὡς</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="e%29c">ἐξ</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3Dn">αὐτῶν</w> <w lemma="sunergou%3Dntas">συνεργοῦντας</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29xqroi%3Ds:">ἐχθροῖς·</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dnai">εἶναι</w> <w lemma="ga%2Fr">γάρ</w> <w lemma="tinas">τινας</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="plei%3Don">πλεῖον</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fois">Ῥωμαίοις</w> <w lemma="eu%29noou%3Dntas">εὐνοοῦντας</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Alakedaimoni%2Fois">Λακεδαιμονίοις</w> <w lemma="h%29%5C">ἢ</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="sfete%2Frois">σφετέροις</w> <w lemma="pra%2Fgmasin">πράγμασιν</w>.
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<w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w> <w lemma="pi%2Fstin">πίστιν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fferen:">ἔφερεν·</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Ffh">ἔφη</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="%2Aeu%29ago%2Fran">Εὐαγόραν</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Aai%29gie%2Fa">Αἰγιέα</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Atritaie%2Fa">Τριταιέα</w> <w lemma="%2Astrati%2Fon">Στρατίον</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fnta">πάντα</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="lego%2Fmena">λεγόμενα</w> <w lemma="di%27">δι᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29porrh%2Ftwn">ἀπορρήτων</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="sunarxi%2Fais">συναρχίαις</w> <w lemma="diasafei%3Dn">διασαφεῖν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Agna%2Fion">Γνάιον</w>.
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<w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="%2Astrati%2Fou">Στρατίου</w> <w lemma="summemixe%2Fnai">συμμεμιχέναι</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="a%29nqrw%2Fpois">ἀνθρώποις</w> <w lemma="o%28mologou%3Dntos">ὁμολογοῦντος</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="summi%2Fcein">συμμίξειν</w> <w lemma="fa%2Fskontos">φάσκοντος</w> <w lemma="fi%2Flois">φίλοις</w> <w lemma="ou%29%3Dsi">οὖσι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="summa%2Fxois">συμμάχοις</w>, <w lemma="a%29nhggelke%2Fnai">ἀνηγγελκέναι</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="o%28rkizome%2Fnou">ὁρκιζομένου</w> <w lemma="mhde%5Cn">μηδὲν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="sunarxi%2Fais">συναρχίαις</w> <w lemma="ei%29rhme%2Fnwn">εἰρημένων</w>, <w lemma="o%29li%2Fgoi">ὀλίγοι</w> <w lemma="me%2Fn">μέν</w> <w lemma="tines">τινες</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%2Fsteuon">ἐπίστευον</w>, <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="plei%2Fous">πλείους</w> <w lemma="prosede%2Fxonto">προσεδέχοντο</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="diabola%2Fs">διαβολάς</w>.
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<w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="%2Akrito%2Flaos">Κριτόλαος</w> <w lemma="parocu%2Fnas">παροξύνας</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="o%29%2Fxlous">ὄχλους</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w> <w lemma="kathgori%2Fas">κατηγορίας</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fpeise">ἔπεισε</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29axaiou%5Cs">Ἀχαιοὺς</w> <w lemma="pa%2Flin">πάλιν</w> <w lemma="yhfi%2Fsasqai">ψηφίσασθαι</w> <w lemma="lo%2Fgw%7C">λόγῳ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="%2Alakedaimoni%2Fous">Λακεδαιμονίους</w> <w lemma="po%2Flemon">πόλεμον</w>, <w lemma="e%29%2Frgw%7C">ἔργῳ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fous:">Ῥωμαίους·</w>
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<w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="prosepeme%2Ftrhsen">προσεπεμέτρησεν</w> <w lemma="e%28%2Fteron">ἕτερον</w> <w lemma="yh%2Ffisma">ψήφισμα</w> <w lemma="para%2Fnomon">παράνομον</w>, <w lemma="w%28%2Fste">ὥστε</w> <w lemma="kuri%2Fous">κυρίους</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dnai">εἶναι</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="a%29nqrw%2Fpous">ἀνθρώπους</w> <w lemma="ou%28%5Cs">οὓς</w> [<w lemma="a%29%5Cn">ἂν</w>] <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="strathgi%2Fan">στρατηγίαν</w> <w lemma="ai%28rh%2Fsontai:">αἱρήσονται·</w> <w lemma="di%27">δι᾽</w> <w lemma="ou%28%3D">οὗ</w> <w lemma="tro%2Fpou">τρόπου</w> <w lemma="tina%5C">τινὰ</w> <w lemma="monarxikh%5Cn">μοναρχικὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29ne%2Flaben">ἀνέλαβεν</w> <w lemma="e%29cousi%2Fan">ἐξουσίαν</w>.
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<w lemma=""></w> <w lemma="%2Aou%28%3Dtos">Οὗτος</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ou%29%3Dn">οὖν</w> <w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="dioikhsa%2Fmenos">διοικησάμενος</w> <w lemma="e%29gi%2Fneto">ἐγίνετο</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="pragmatokopei%3Dn">πραγματοκοπεῖν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fois">Ῥωμαίοις</w> <w lemma="e%29piba%2Fllein">ἐπιβάλλειν</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="xei%3Dras">χεῖρας</w>, <w lemma="ou%29deni%5C">οὐδενὶ</w> <w lemma="lo%2Fgw%7C">λόγῳ</w> <w lemma="tou%3Dto">τοῦτο</w> <w lemma="pra%2Fttwn">πράττων</w>, <w lemma="a%29lla%5C">ἀλλὰ</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fntwn">πάντων</w> <w lemma="a%29sebesta%2Ftois">ἀσεβεστάτοις</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="paranomwta%2Ftois">παρανομωτάτοις</w> <w lemma="e%29piballo%2Fmenos:">ἐπιβαλλόμενος·</w>
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<w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="pre%2Fsbewn">πρέσβεων</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="%2Agna%2Fios">Γνάιος</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29aqh%2Fnas">Ἀθήνας</w> <w lemma="a%29ph%3Dren">ἀπῆρεν</w> <w lemma="ka%29kei%3Dqen">κἀκεῖθεν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="%2Alakedai%2Fmona">Λακεδαίμονα</w> <w lemma="prosedreu%2Fswn">προσεδρεύσων</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="kairoi%3Ds">καιροῖς</w>, <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="%2Aau%29%3Dlos">Αὖλος</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="%2Anau%2Fpakton">Ναύπακτον</w>, <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="du%2Fo">δύο</w> <w lemma="me%2Fxri">μέχρι</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="%2Akaikili%2Fou">Καικιλίου</w> <w lemma="parousi%2Fas">παρουσίας</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fmeinan">ἔμειναν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29aqh%2Fnais">Ἀθήναις</w>. <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2Apelopo%2Fnnhson">Πελοπόννησον</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftois">τούτοις</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w>. —
When the assembly of elders wished to check him and keep him from using such language, he defied them, soliciting the aid of the soldiery and calling on anyone who chose to come on, to approach him, or to dare even lay hands on his cloak.
He said in fine that he had long held his hand, but would say what he felt.
"For," he said, "we should not so much fear the Lacedaemonians or the Romans, as those among ourselves who are co-operating with the enemy. Yes, there are some who favour the Romans and Lacedaemonians more than our own interests."
He even produced proofs of this, saying Euagoras of Aegium and Stratius of Tritaea communicated all the secret decisions of the magistrates to Gnaeus.
And when Stratius confessed he had associated with the legates and said he would continue to do so, as they were friends and allies, but swore that he had never reported to them anything that had been said at the meetings of magistrates, a few people believed him, but most gave ear to the accusation.
Critolaus having excited the mob by the charges he brought against these men, persuaded the Achaeans again to vote for war, nominally against <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Sparta&groupId=660&placeId=1208">Sparta</a>, but really against <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Rome&groupId=935&placeId=1669">Rome</a>.
He added another unconstitutional decree, enacting that the men they chose as strategi should have absolute power, by which means he acquired a kind of despotic authority.
Critolaus then, having carried through these measures, set himself to intrigue against and attack the Romans, not listening to reason, but forming projects which outraged the laws of god and man.
As for the legates, Gnaeus proceeded to <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Athens&groupId=379&placeId=715">Athens</a> and thence to <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Sparta&groupId=660&placeId=1208">Sparta</a> to await the progress of events, while Aulus went to Naupactus and the other two remained in <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Athens&groupId=379&placeId=715">Athens</a> until the arrival of Caecilius. Such was the state of affairs in the Peloponnesus.