Polybius, Histories

Translation

Book 30 - Chapter 25

<head lang="la">III. Res Asiae</head><w lemma="%2A%28o">Ὁ</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="au%29to%5Cs">αὐτὸς</w> <w lemma="ou%28%3Dtos">οὗτος</w> <w lemma="basileu%5Cs">βασιλεὺς</w> <w lemma="a%29kou%2Fsas">ἀκούσας</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="%2Amakedoni%2Fa%7C">Μακεδονίᾳ</w> <w lemma="suntetelesme%2Fnous">συντετελεσμένους</w> <w lemma="a%29gw%3Dnas">ἀγῶνας</w> <w lemma="u%28po%5C">ὑπὸ</w> <w lemma="%2Aai%29mili%2Fou">Αἰμιλίου</w> <w lemma="%2Apau%2Flou">Παύλου</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fwn">Ῥωμαίων</w> <w lemma="strathgou%3D">στρατηγοῦ</w>, <w lemma="boulo%2Fmenos">βουλόμενος</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="megalodwri%2Fa%7C">μεγαλοδωρίᾳ</w> <w lemma="u%28pera%3Drai">ὑπερᾶραι</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Apau%3Dlon">Παῦλον</w> <w lemma="e%29ce%2Fpemye">ἐξέπεμψε</w> <w lemma="pre%2Fsbeis">πρέσβεις</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="qewrou%5Cs">θεωροὺς</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="po%2Fleis">πόλεις</w> <w lemma="kataggelou%3Dntas">καταγγελοῦντας</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="e%29some%2Fnous">ἐσομένους</w> <w lemma="a%29gw%3Dnas">ἀγῶνας</w> <w lemma="u%28p%27">ὑπ᾽</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%3D">αὐτοῦ</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Ada%2Ffnhs">Δάφνης</w>, <w lemma="w%28s">ὡς</w> <w lemma="pollh%5Cn">πολλὴν</w> <w lemma="gene%2Fsqai">γενέσθαι</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28ellh%2Fnwn">Ἑλλήνων</w> <w lemma="spoudh%5Cn">σπουδὴν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="w%28s">ὡς</w> <w lemma="au%29to%5Cn">αὐτὸν</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fficin">ἄφιξιν</w>.

<w lemma="a%29rxh%5Cn">ἀρχὴν</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29poih%2Fsato">ἐποιήσατο</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="panhgu%2Frews">πανηγύρεως</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="pompei%2Fan">πομπείαν</w> <w lemma="ou%28%2Ftws">οὕτως</w> <w lemma="e%29pitelesqei%3Dsan">ἐπιτελεσθεῖσαν</w>.

<w lemma="kaqhgou%3Dnto%2F">καθηγοῦντό</w> <w lemma="tines">τινες</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai+ko%5Cn">Ῥωμαϊκὸν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fxontes">ἔχοντες</w> <w lemma="kaqoplismo%5Cn">καθοπλισμὸν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="qw%2Fracin">θώραξιν</w> <w lemma="a%28lusidwtoi%3Ds">ἁλυσιδωτοῖς</w>, <w lemma="a%29%2Fndres">ἄνδρες</w> <w lemma="a%29kma%2Fzontes">ἀκμάζοντες</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="h%28liki%2Fais">ἡλικίαις</w> <w lemma="pentakisxi%2Flioi:">πεντακισχίλιοι·</w> <w lemma="meq%27">μεθ᾽</w> <w lemma="ou%28%5Cs">οὓς</w> <w lemma="%2Amusoi%5C">Μυσοὶ</w> <w lemma="pentakisxi%2Flioi">πεντακισχίλιοι</w>.

<w lemma="sunexei%3Ds">συνεχεῖς</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dsan">ἦσαν</w> <w lemma="%2Aki%2Flikes">Κίλικες</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="eu%29zw%2Fnwn">εὐζώνων</w> <w lemma="tro%2Fpon">τρόπον</w> <w lemma="kaqwplisme%2Fnoi">καθωπλισμένοι</w> <w lemma="trisxi%2Flioi">τρισχίλιοι</w>, <w lemma="xrusou%3Ds">χρυσοῦς</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fxontes">ἔχοντες</w> <w lemma="stefa%2Fnous">στεφάνους</w>.

<w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftois">τούτοις</w> <w lemma="%2Aqra%3D%7Ckes">Θρᾷκες</w> <w lemma="trisxi%2Flioi">τρισχίλιοι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Agala%2Ftai">Γαλάται</w> <w lemma="pentakisxi%2Flioi">πεντακισχίλιοι</w>. <w lemma="tou%2Ftois">τούτοις</w> <w lemma="e%29pe%2Fballon">ἐπέβαλλον</w> <w lemma="%2Amakedo%2Fnes">Μακεδόνες</w> <w lemma="dismu%2Frioi">δισμύριοι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="xalka%2Fspides">χαλκάσπιδες</w> <w lemma="pentakisxi%2Flioi">πεντακισχίλιοι</w>, <w lemma="a%29%2Flloi">ἄλλοι</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="a%29rgura%2Fspides">ἀργυράσπιδες</w>, <w lemma="oi%28%3Ds">οἷς</w> <w lemma="e%29phkolou%2Fqei">ἐπηκολούθει</w> <w lemma="monoma%2Fxwn">μονομάχων</w> <w lemma="zeu%2Fgh">ζεύγη</w> <w lemma="diako%2Fsia">διακόσια</w> <w lemma="tettara%2Fkonta">τετταράκοντα</w>.

<w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w> <w lemma="kato%2Fpin">κατόπιν</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dsan">ἦσαν</w> <w lemma="i%28ppei%3Ds">ἱππεῖς</w> <w lemma="%2Anisai%3Doi">Νισαῖοι</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="xi%2Flioi">χίλιοι</w> <w lemma="politikoi%5C">πολιτικοὶ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="trisxi%2Flioi">τρισχίλιοι</w>, <w lemma="w%28%3Dn">ὧν</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="plei%2Fous">πλείους</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dsan">ἦσαν</w> <w lemma="xrusofa%2Flaroi">χρυσοφάλαροι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="xrusoste%2Ffanoi">χρυσοστέφανοι</w>, <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Flloi">ἄλλοι</w> <w lemma="a%29rgurofa%2Flaroi">ἀργυροφάλαροι</w>.

<w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftous">τούτους</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dsan">ἦσαν</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="lego%2Fmenoi">λεγόμενοι</w> <w lemma="%2A%28etai%3Droi">Ἑταῖροι</w> <w lemma="i%28ppei%3Ds:">ἱππεῖς·</w> <w lemma="ou%28%3Dtoi">οὗτοι</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dsan">ἦσαν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="xili%2Fous">χιλίους</w>, <w lemma="pa%2Fntes">πάντες</w> <w lemma="xrusofa%2Flaroi">χρυσοφάλαροι</w>. <w lemma="tou%2Ftois">τούτοις</w> <w lemma="sunexe%5Cs">συνεχὲς</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="fi%2Flwn">φίλων</w> <w lemma="su%2Fntagma">σύνταγμα</w>,

<w lemma="i%29%2Fson">ἴσον</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="plh%3Dqos">πλῆθος</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="ko%2Fsmon">κόσμον</w>. <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftois">τούτοις</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%2Flektoi">ἐπίλεκτοι</w> <w lemma="xi%2Flioi">χίλιοι</w>, <w lemma="oi%28%3Ds">οἷς</w> <w lemma="e%29phkolou%2Fqei">ἐπηκολούθει</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="kalou%2Fmenon">καλούμενον</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fghma">ἄγημα</w>, <w lemma="kra%2Ftiston">κράτιστον</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dnai">εἶναι</w> <w lemma="dokou%3Dn">δοκοῦν</w> <w lemma="su%2Fsthma">σύστημα</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="i%28ppe%2Fwn">ἱππέων</w>,

<w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="xili%2Fous">χιλίους</w>. <w lemma="teleutai%2Fa">τελευταία</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w> <w lemma="h%28">ἡ</w> <w lemma="kata%2Ffraktos">κατάφρακτος</w> <w lemma="i%28%2Fppos">ἵππος</w>, <w lemma="oi%29kei%2Fws">οἰκείως</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="proshgori%2Fa%7C">προσηγορίᾳ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="i%28%2Fppwn">ἵππων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="a%29ndrw%3Dn">ἀνδρῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29skepasme%2Fnwn">ἐσκεπασμένων</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Fplois:">ὅπλοις·</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dsan">ἦσαν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="au%29toi%5C">αὐτοὶ</w> <w lemma="xi%2Flioi">χίλιοι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pentako%2Fsioi">πεντακόσιοι</w>.

<w lemma="pa%2Fntes">πάντες</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="proeirhme%2Fnoi">προειρημένοι</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dxon">εἶχον</w> <w lemma="porfura%3Ds">πορφυρᾶς</w> <w lemma="e%29fapti%2Fdas">ἐφαπτίδας</w>, <w lemma="polloi%5C">πολλοὶ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="diaxru%2Fsous">διαχρύσους</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="zw%7Cwta%2Fs">ζῳωτάς</w>.

<w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftois">τούτοις</w> <w lemma="e%28%2Fcippa">ἕξιππα</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w> <w lemma="e%28kato%2Fn">ἑκατόν</w>, <w lemma="te%2Fqrippa">τέθριππα</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tettara%2Fkonta">τετταράκοντα</w>, <w lemma="e%29%2Fpeita">ἔπειτα</w> <w lemma="e%29lefa%2Fntwn">ἐλεφάντων</w> <w lemma="a%28%2Frma">ἅρμα</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="sunwri%2Fs">συνωρίς</w>. <w lemma="kaq%27">καθ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%28%2Fna">ἕνα</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="ei%28%2Fponto">εἵποντο</w> <w lemma="e%29le%2Ffantes">ἐλέφαντες</w> <w lemma="dieskeuasme%2Fnoi">διεσκευασμένοι</w> <w lemma="tria%2Fkonta">τριάκοντα</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="e%28%2Fc">ἕξ</w>. <w lemma="%2Ath%5Cn">Τὴν</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fllhn">ἄλλην</w> <w lemma="pomph%5Cn">πομπὴν</w> <w lemma="le%2Fgein">λέγειν</w> <w lemma="e%29sti%5C">ἐστὶ</w> <w lemma="duse%2Ffikton">δυσέφικτον</w>,

<w lemma="w%28s">ὡς</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="kefalai%2Fw%7C">κεφαλαίῳ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="lekte%2Fon">λεκτέον</w>. <w lemma="e%29%2Ffhboi">ἔφηβοι</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="e%29po%2Fmpeusan">ἐπόμπευσαν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="o%29ktakosi%2Fous">ὀκτακοσίους</w>, <w lemma="xrusou%3Ds">χρυσοῦς</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fxontes">ἔχοντες</w> <w lemma="stefa%2Fnous">στεφάνους</w>, <w lemma="bo%2Fes">βόες</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="eu%29trafei%3Ds">εὐτραφεῖς</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="xili%2Fous">χιλίους</w>, <w lemma="qewri%2Fdes">θεωρίδες</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="braxu%5C">βραχὺ</w> <w lemma="lei%2Fpousai">λείπουσαι</w> <w lemma="triakosi%2Fwn">τριακοσίων</w>, <w lemma="e%29lefa%2Fntwn">ἐλεφάντων</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="o%29do%2Fntes">ὀδόντες</w> <w lemma="o%29ktako%2Fsioi">ὀκτακόσιοι</w>.

<w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="a%29galma%2Ftwn">ἀγαλμάτων</w> <w lemma="plh%3Dqos">πλῆθος</w> <w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="dunato%5Cn">δυνατὸν</w> <w lemma="e%29chgh%2Fsasqai:">ἐξηγήσασθαι·</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fntwn">πάντων</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="par%27">παρ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29nqrw%2Fpois">ἀνθρώποις</w> <w lemma="legome%2Fnwn">λεγομένων</w> <w lemma="h%29%5C">ἢ</w> <w lemma="nomizome%2Fnwn">νομιζομένων</w> <w lemma="qew%3Dn">θεῶν</w> <w lemma="h%29%5C">ἢ</w> <w lemma="daimo%2Fnwn">δαιμόνων</w>, <w lemma="prose%2Fti">προσέτι</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="h%28rw%2Fwn">ἡρώων</w> <w lemma="ei%29%2Fdwla">εἴδωλα</w> <w lemma="dih%2Fgeto">διήγετο</w>, <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="kexruswme%2Fna">κεχρυσωμένα</w>, <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="h%29mfiesme%2Fna">ἠμφιεσμένα</w> <w lemma="stolai%3Ds">στολαῖς</w> <w lemma="diaxru%2Fsois">διαχρύσοις</w>.

<w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pa%3Dsi">πᾶσι</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftois">τούτοις</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="prosh%2Fkontes">προσήκοντες</w> <w lemma="mu%3Dqoi">μῦθοι</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="paradedome%2Fnas">παραδεδομένας</w> <w lemma="i%28stori%2Fas">ἱστορίας</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="diaskeuai%3Ds">διασκευαῖς</w> <w lemma="polutele%2Fsi">πολυτελέσι</w> <w lemma="pare%2Fkeinto">παρέκειντο</w>.

<w lemma="ei%28%2Fpeto">εἵπετο</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="au%29toi%3Ds">αὐτοῖς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Anukto%5Cs">Νυκτὸς</w> <w lemma="ei%29%2Fdwlon">εἴδωλον</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2A%28hme%2Fras">Ἡμέρας</w>, <w lemma="%2Agh%3Ds">Γῆς</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Aou%29ranou%3D">Οὐρανοῦ</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2A%29hou%3Ds">Ἠοῦς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Ameshmbri%2Fas">Μεσημβρίας</w>.

<w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="xruswma%2Ftwn">χρυσωμάτων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="a%29rgurwma%2Ftwn">ἀργυρωμάτων</w> <w lemma="plh%3Dqos">πλῆθος</w> <w lemma="ou%28%2Ftws">οὕτως</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fn">ἄν</w> <w lemma="tis">τις</w> <w lemma="u%28ponoh%2Fseien">ὑπονοήσειεν</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Fson">ὅσον</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dn:">ἦν·</w> <w lemma="e%28no%5Cs">ἑνὸς</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="fi%2Flwn">φίλων</w>, <w lemma="%2Adionusi%2Fou">Διονυσίου</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="e%29pistoliagra%2Ffou">ἐπιστολιαγράφου</w>, <w lemma="xi%2Flioi">χίλιοι</w> <w lemma="pai%3Ddes">παῖδες</w> <w lemma="e%29po%2Fmpeusan">ἐπόμπευσαν</w> <w lemma="a%29rgurw%2Fmata">ἀργυρώματα</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fxontes">ἔχοντες</w>, <w lemma="w%28%3Dn">ὧν</w> <w lemma="ou%29de%5Cn">οὐδὲν</w> <w lemma="e%29la%2Ftton%27">ἐλάττον᾽</w> <w lemma="o%28lkh%5Cn">ὁλκὴν</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dxen">εἶχεν</w> <w lemma="draxmw%3Dn">δραχμῶν</w> <w lemma="xili%2Fwn">χιλίων</w>.

<w lemma="basilikoi%5C">βασιλικοὶ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="pai%3Ddes">παῖδες</w> <w lemma="parh%3Dlqon">παρῆλθον</w> <w lemma="e%28cako%2Fsioi">ἑξακόσιοι</w> <w lemma="xrusw%2Fmata">χρυσώματα</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fxontes">ἔχοντες</w>. <w lemma="e%29%2Fpeita">ἔπειτα</w> <w lemma="gunai%3Dkes">γυναῖκες</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="xrusw%3Dn">χρυσῶν</w> <w lemma="kalpi%2Fdwn">καλπίδων</w> <w lemma="mu%2Frois">μύροις</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Frrainon">ἔρραινον</w>, <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="diakosi%2Fas">διακοσίας</w>.

<w lemma="tau%2Ftais">ταύταις</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%28ch%3Ds">ἑξῆς</w> <w lemma="e%29po%2Fmpeuon">ἐπόμπευον</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="xruso%2Fposi">χρυσόποσι</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="forei%2Fois">φορείοις</w> <w lemma="o%29gdoh%2Fkonta">ὀγδοήκοντα</w> <w lemma="gunai%3Dkes">γυναῖκες</w>, <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="a%29rguro%2Fposi">ἀργυρόποσι</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="pentako%2Fsiai">πεντακόσιαι</w> <w lemma="kaqh%2Fmenai">καθήμεναι</w>, <w lemma="polutelw%3Ds">πολυτελῶς</w> <w lemma="dieskeuasme%2Fnai">διεσκευασμέναι</w>. <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="pomph%3Ds">πομπῆς</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="e%29pifane%2Fstata">ἐπιφανέστατα</w> <w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w>.

<head>VI. Affairs of Asia</head><head>Games celebrated by Antiochus IV</head>This same king when he heard of the games celebrated in <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Macedonia&groupId=723&placeId=428">Macedonia</a> by Aemilius Paullus the Roman general, ambitious of surpassing Paullus in magnificence sent out embassies and sacred missions to the towns to announce the games he was about to give at Daphne, so that people in Greece were very eager to visit Antioch then.

The festival opened with a procession composed as follows:

It was headed by five thousand men in the prime of life armed after the Roman fashion and wearing breastplates of chain-armour. Next came five thousand Mysians,

and immediately behind them three thousand Cilicians armed in the manner of light infantry, wearing gold crowns.

Next came three thousand Thracians and five thousand Gauls. They were followed by twenty thousand Macedonians of whom ten thousand bore golden shields, five thousand brazen shields and the rest silver shields.

Next marched two hundred and fifty pairs of gladiators, and behind them a thousand horsemen from <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Nisa&groupId=795&placeId=1438">Nisa</a> and three thousand from Antioch itself, most of whom had crowns and trappings of gold and the rest trappings of silver. Next to these came the so‑called "companion cavalry," numbering about a thousand, all with gold trappings, and next the regiment of "royal friends" of equal number and similarly accoutred; next a thousand picked horse followed by the so‑called "agema", supposed to be the crack cavalry corps, numbering about a thousand. Last of all marched the "cataphract" or mailed horse, the horses and men being armed in complete mail, as the name indicated. All the above wore purple surcoats in many cases embroidered with gold and heraldic designs.

Next came a hundred chariots drawn by six horses and forty drawn by four horses, and then a chariot drawn by four elephants and another drawn by a pair, and finally thirty-six elephants in single file with their housings.

It is a difficult task to describe the rest of the procession but I must attempt to give its main features. About eight hundred young men wearing gold crowns made part of it as well as about a thousand fat cattle and nearly three hundred cows presented by the various sacred missions and eight hundred ivory tusks.

The vast quantity of images it is impossible to enumerate. For representations of all the gods and spirits mentioned or worshipped by men and of all the heroes were carried along, some gilded and others draped in garments embroidered with gold, and they were all accompanied by representations executed in precious materials of the myths relating to them as traditionally narrated.

Behind them came images of Night and Day, of Earth and Heaven, and of Dawn and Midday.

The quantity of gold and silver plate may be estimated from what follows. The slaves of one of the royal "friends," Dionysius, the private secretary, marched along carrying articles of silver plate none of them weighing less than a thousand drachmae,

and six hundred of the king's own slaves went by bearing articles of gold plate. Next there were about two hundred women sprinkling the crowd with perfumes from golden urns,

and these were followed by eighty women seated in litters with golden feet and five hundred in litters with silver feet, all richly dressed.

Such were the more remarkable features of the procession.

Walbank Commentary

Overview

30.25.1 - 30.26.9

Antiochus IV's games at Daphne (166) This passage is from Athen. v. 194–5 (where it follows that included in xxvi. 1. 1–14); Athen. x. 439 also has a shorter version of 26. 1–10 (which Bttner-Wobst prints at the bottom of the page), and Diod. xxx. 16. 2–3 provides a rather fuller version of 26. 4–9. The section is from the res Asiae of Ol. 153, 2 = 167/6; for discussion and the reason for rejecting Athenaeus' attribution of it to book xxxi, see p. 33.

Specifics

30.25.1 - 30.25.1

<emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">ὁ δ αὐτὸς οὗτος βασιλεύς</w>:</emph> Antiochus IV; see xxvi. 1. 1–14. <milestone unit="page" n="448">[448]</milestone> <emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">τοὺς . . . συντετελεσμένους ἀγῶνας κτλ</w>.:</emph> on Aemilius' games held at <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Amphipolis&groupId=320&placeId=623">Amphipolis</a> in 167 see 14. 1 n. <emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">βουλόμενος . . . ὑπερᾶραι τὸν Παῦλον</w>:</emph> 'wishing to outdo Paullus in the splendour of his liberality'; that rather than 'magnificence' (so Paton) is the meaning of <w lang="el-GR">μεγαλοδωρία</w>, and fits the context of xxvi. 1. 9 ff., which Athenaeus has just quoted. The display was also intended, no doubt, to present the recent war in <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Egypt&groupId=556&placeId=368">Egypt</a> as a glorious victory (cf. Mrkholm, 97). The festival was celebrated by the issue of a special silver tetradrachm with Apollo's head on the obverse, and on the reverse a full-length representation of the god, recalling the cult statue (by Bryaxis) in the sanctuary, which Amm. Marc. xxii. 13. 1 compares with that of Olympian Zeus; on this coin see Mrkholm, Hist. Filos. Medd. <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Dan&groupId=122&placeId=359">Dan</a>. Vid. Selsk. 40, 1963, no. 3, 34. The military aspects of the procession emphasized its resemblance to a Roman triumph (Otto, 6. Ptolemer, 83); but it seems not to have evolved any violent reaction at <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Rome&groupId=935&placeId=1669">Rome</a>. Tarn, Bactria, 193–5, argued that as a review of troops the festival must celebrate a victory, and that this must be the overthrow of Demetrius of Bactria by Eucratides, who was ex hypothesi Antiochus' general; against this improbable view see Narain, 54–55; Mrkholm, 174–5. The date is probably summer 166; cf. Mrkholm, 98; Bunge, Studi clasice, 16, 1974, 50 n. 45 would make it September. On Antiochus IV's object in holding the display at Daphne see also J. G. Bunge, Chiron, 1976, 53–71, who argues that, besides emulating Aemilius, he intended it to be a prelude to his eastern campaign and also the celebration of the ninth anniversary of his accession. <emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">πρέσβεις καὶ θεωρούς</w>:</emph> on theoroi see xxviii. 19. 4 n. <emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">ἐπὶ</w> D<w lang="el-GR">άφνης</w>:</emph> Daphne was a suburb of Antioch, which was consequently called <w lang="el-GR">ἡ ἐπὶ</w> <emph rend="italics">D</emph> <w lang="el-GR">άφνῃ</w> (cf. Strabo, xvi. 2. 4, C. 749; Pliny, Nat. hist. v. 79); it was probably at the site of Bt el-M, eight kilometres south of the city. Daphne was renowned for its sacred grove, 80 stades in circuit (Strabo, xvi. 2. 6, C. 750), which stood on the spot where the nymph Daphne, in flight from Apollo, became a laurel. It was a favourite resort of the people of Antioch and the Seleucid kings, and retained its attractions under the Roman empire (see Benzinger, RE, 'Daphne (3)', cols. 2136–8; Downey, Antioch, 19, 82–86). Daphne was founded by Seleucus I, who built the temple of Apollo and Artemis within its grove (Iustin. xv. 4. 8; Liban. or. xi. 94; John Malalas, Chron. viii. 204 Bonn); see above, xxvi. 1. 10 n.

30.25.2 - 30.25.2

<emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">τὴν πομπείαν</w>:</emph> for similar processions, e.g. of Ptolemy II at <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Alexandria&groupId=1063&placeId=1868">Alexandria</a>, or of Demetrius of Phalerum at <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Athens&groupId=379&placeId=715">Athens</a>, see xii. 13. 11 n.

30.25.3 - 30.25.3

<emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">ἐν θώραξιν ἁλυσιδωτοῖ?ς</w>:</emph> 'clad in chain breastplates'; these are the Roman loricae hamatae (cf. vi. 23. 15 n.).

30.25.4 - 30.25.4

<emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">Μυσοί</w>:</emph> for their role in Seleucid armies cf. v. 76. 7; Livy, xxxvii. 40. 8 (cf. App. Syr. 32), at <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Magnesia&groupId=729&placeId=1336">Magnesia</a>; 2 Macc. v. 24 (also mentioning Apollonius, the <w lang="el-GR">μυσάρχης)</w>. Their continued presence in the Seleucid army after <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Apamea&groupId=340&placeId=660">Apamea</a> (which placed <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Mysia&groupId=782&placeId=1417">Mysia</a> well outside the Seleucid realm) is surprising, since recruiting mercenaries <w lang="el-GR">ἐκ τῆς ὑπὸ Ῥωμαίους ταττομένης</w> was forbidden by the treaty (xxi. 43. 15). The reference <milestone unit="page" n="449">[449]</milestone> could be to a type of armament, and not be an ethnic designation. Alternatively, northern Asia Minor was not regarded as in the Roman sphere, and these are mercenaries recruited in <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Mysia&groupId=782&placeId=1417">Mysia</a> (Griffith, 147); Launey, i. 443, suggests, however, that they were recruited from urban garrisons, <w lang="el-GR">φρούρια</w> or military colonies set up within the Seleucid dominions by Antiochus III or even earlier (though the <w lang="el-GR">Μυσῶν κατοικίαι</w> (v. 77. 7) are something quite different: see ad loc.). <emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">Κίλικες</w>:</emph> Cilician light-armed fought at <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Raphia&groupId=925&placeId=1656">Raphia</a> (v. 79. 3) and (armed in Cretan fashion) at <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Magnesia&groupId=729&placeId=1336">Magnesia</a> (cf. Livy, xxxvii. 40. 13; App. Syr. 32). There are of course no Greeks or Cretans in the parade at Daphne (Griffith, 147; cf. Launey, i. 478–9).

30.25.5 - 30.25.5

<emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">Θρᾷκες . . . Γαλάται</w>:</emph> these Thracians are troops armed in the Thracian fashion, or recruits from Thracian settlements in <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Syria&groupId=995&placeId=502">Syria</a> (cf. Griffith, 147; Launey i. 384). For Thracians in Antiochus' army at <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Raphia&groupId=925&placeId=1656">Raphia</a> cf. v. 79. 3 n. (where their origin is also in question). The 5,000 Galatians present a similar problem (cf. Launey, i. 523). <emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">Μακεδόνες δισμύριοι . . . χαλκάσπιδες πεντακισχίλιοι, ἄλλοι δὲ ἀργυράσπιδες</w>:</emph> on argyraspids in the Seleucid army cf. v. 79. 4 n.; for chalcaspids cf. ii. 65. 3 n., 66. 5, iv. 67. 6, v. 91. 7; further references in Launey, i. 355 n. 4. Kaibel proposed reading <w lang="el-GR">Μακεδόνες δισμύριοι</w>, 〈<w lang="el-GR">χρυσάσπιδες μὲν μύριοι</w>〉 <w lang="el-GR">καὶ χαλκάσπιδες πεντακισχίλιοι, οἱ δὲ ἄλλοι ἀργυράσπιδες</w>; but, besides the insertion, this involves altering <w lang="el-GR">ἄλλοι δέ</w> to 〈<<w lang="el-GR">οἱ</w>〉 <w lang="el-GR">δὲ ἄλλοι</w>. However, the received text is equally unsatisfactory; and Paton while printing this, translates and gives in a footnote Kaibel's emendation. It is at least possible that the 5,000 chalcaspids and the argyraspidsit seems rash to interpolate chrysaspids, which are mentioned elsewhere only in Poll. i. 175 formed part of the 20,000 Macedonians, and were not additional to these (as the present text makes them). Griffith, 146, emphasizes the great increase in Macedonians from 16,000 at <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Magnesia&groupId=729&placeId=1336">Magnesia</a> (Livy, xxxvii. 40. 1) to over 25,000 (if the argyraspids and chalcaspids are additional to the phalanx) or even to over 30,000 if the Romanarmed infantry are 'Macedonians'; and Tarn, Bactria, 186, sees this as evidence for an extraordinary recovery, since the phalanx was destroyed at <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Magnesia&groupId=729&placeId=1336">Magnesia</a>, the recruiting-grounds of western Asia Minor were lost, and the eastern satrapies of <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Media&groupId=742&placeId=1354">Media</a>, <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Babylonia&groupId=388&placeId=728">Babylonia</a>, and Susiana could not supply troops. But Launey, i. 319, sceptically remarks that for a display like this oriental troops could have been injected into the phalanx, appropriately armed to swell the numbers; see too Mrkholm, 99 n. 42; Bar-Kochva, Seleucid Army, 226 n. 104. <emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">μονομάχων ζεύγη</w>:</emph> cf. Livy, xli. 20, for Antiochus' passion forgladiators; but see Robert, Gladiateurs, 264, 'une fantaisie royale, toute personnelle, et sans lendemain'. The popularity of this form of amusement in the Greek world came later.

30.25.6 - 30.25.6

<emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">ἱππεῖς Νισαῖοι</w>:</emph> codd. <w lang="el-GR">πισαῖοι</w> corrected by Casaubon. On the <milestone unit="page" n="450">[450]</milestone> <w lang="el-GR">Νησαῖον πέδιον</w> in <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Media&groupId=742&placeId=1354">Media</a> see Herod. iii. 106. 2, vii. 40. 3, ix. 20; Arr.Anab. vii. 13. 1; Steph. Byz. s.v. The horses bred there were surpassed in speed only by the camel (Arist. Hist. an. ix. 50. 632 a 31); they are referred to in the prophecy of Antisthenes recorded by Phlegon of <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Tralles&groupId=1042&placeId=1836">Tralles</a> (FGH 257 F 36 (III. 10); cf. Livy, xxxv. 48. 3, which does not name the horses). Mordtmann (S.-B. Mnchen, 1876, 369 f.) locates the plains between the modern Serpul and Kerind; and Hanslik (RE, e<w lang="el-GR">Νισαῖον πέδιον</w>', cols. 712–13) puts them north-east of <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Ecbatana&groupId=551&placeId=1033">Ecbatana</a> on the river Guba. They are probably the Nisaya of Darius' Behistun inscription (cf. R. G. Kent, Old Persian <emph rend="superscript">2</emph> (New Haven, 1953), 118 l. 58). On the Nisaean (or Nesaean) horses see the imaginative account of Tarn, HMND, 78–81, 156–7; these and the 1,000 Median horse at <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Magnesia&groupId=729&placeId=1336">Magnesia</a> (Livy, xxxvii. 40. 5–6) are the only recorded examples of Iranian cavalry being used in Seleucid armies. Hence Tarn (Bactria, 32 n. 3) concludes, probably rightly, that the Seleucids never won the full loyalty of the Iranian landowners. <emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">πολιτικοὶ δὲ τρισχίλιοι</w>:</emph> cavalry raised from the Seleucid cities. Bikerman, Institutions, 59, thinks they are from Antioch alone; Griffith, 146 n. 4, thinks they may be from the <w lang="el-GR">κατοικίαι</w>, which he shows to have been less clearly distinguished from cities than had often been supposed. The Greek and Hellenized cities of the Seleucid kingdom had their own militias, which often contribute contingents to Seleucid armies, perhaps voluntarily (though where a city has developed out of a <w lang="el-GR">κατοικία</w> earlier military obligations may have persisted; cf. Griffith, 147–64). For examples see Ioseph. AJ, xiii. 385 (citizens of Antioch in the army of Demetrius III); Diod. xxxiv/xxxv. 17 (losses of citizens of Antioch in the disaster of Antiochus VII); 1 Macc. x. 71 (city troops under one of Demetrius I's generals); OGIS, 213 = Holleaux, tudes, iii. 100 ff., 1. 6 (Milesians in upper Asia under Seleucus I). On these <w lang="el-GR">πολιτικοὶ στρατιῶται</w> see Wilhelm, Wiener Eranos, 131; Bikerman, Institutions, 72–73; Launey, i. 41; Holleaux, tudes, ii. 188; Griffith, 146 n. 4.

30.25.7 - 30.25.7

<emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">οἱ . . . Ἑταῖροι ἱππεῖς</w>:</emph> on this lite cavalry corps, probably consisting of Macedonians, see v. 53. 4 n. (against Molon), 84.1 n. (at <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Raphia&groupId=925&placeId=1656">Raphia</a>), xvi. 18. 7, 19. 7 (at <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Panium&groupId=836&placeId=1512">Panium</a>); cf. Bikerman, Institutions, 52; Corradi, 292 n. 4; Launey, i. 313; Bar-Kochva, Seleucid Army, 67–75.

30.25.8 - 30.25.8

<emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">τὸ τῶν φίλων σύνταγμα</w>:</emph> on the Friends at the Seleucid court see v. 50. 9 n., emphasizing the earlier military aspect of the <w lang="el-GR">φίλοι</w> (to be seen here too); cf. viii. 21. 1 n.; Bikerman, Institutions, 40 ff.; Corradi, 318 ff.; Bar Kochva, loc. cit. (§ 7 n.). <emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">τὸ καλούμενον ἄγημα</w>:</emph> Appian, Syr. 32 (on <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Magnesia&groupId=729&placeId=1336">Magnesia</a>) calls it <w lang="el-GR">τὸ λεγόμενον ἄγημα τῶν Μακεδόνων</w>. For an agema of picked foot in Philip V's army see v. 25. 1 n. (also for a reference to a Boeotian agema); and for one in the Ptolemaic army, consisting of military settlers, see v. 65. 2 n. See Bar-Kochva, loc. cit. (§ 7 n.). <milestone unit="page" n="451">[451]</milestone>

30.25.9 - 30.25.9

<emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">ἡ κατάφρακτος ἵππος</w>:</emph> cf. xvi. 18. 6 n. for their use by Antiochus III at <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Panium&groupId=836&placeId=1512">Panium</a>; he also used them at <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Magnesia&groupId=729&placeId=1336">Magnesia</a> (Livy, xxxvii. 40. 11).

30.25.10 - 30.25.10

<emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">ζῳωτά?ς</w>:</emph> among gifts to the temple of Apollo at Didyma listed in a letter of Seleucus I to Miletus (288/7) is a figured silver cup, <w lang="el-GR">σκύφος ἀργυροῦς τορευτὸς ζωιωτός</w> (OGIS, 214 = Welles, no. 5 l. 45); elsewhere the term is applied to curtains, chitons, and quivers (cf. Welles, p. 338 s.v.). The sense must be 'adorned with figures'.

30.25.11 - 30.25.11

<emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">ἐλεφάντων ἅρμα καὶ συνωρίς</w>:</emph> the exact sense is not clear. Since <w lang="el-GR">συνωρίς</w> can mean a pair of animals or a chariot drawn by a pair,the sense could be: 'an elephant-drawn chariot and a pair (sc. of elephants)', or 'a chariot drawn by 〈x〉 elephants and one drawn by a pair 〈of elephants〉'. Paton and Shuckburgh agree with Reiske and Schweighaeuser in adopting the latter sense: 'a chariot drawn by four elephants and another drawn by a pair'. This seems likely; but it is not clear that <w lang="el-GR">ἅρμα</w> alone means a 'chariot drawn by four animals' (so Reiske), so perhaps a word such as <w lang="el-GR">τέτρωρον</w> has dropped out. Mauersberger renders the whole phrase as 'Wagen mit Elephantengespann'. The possession of these elephants was in breach of the treaty of <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Apamea&groupId=340&placeId=660">Apamea</a>; cf. xxi. 43. 12, xxxi. 2. 11; Mrkholm, 26–27. <emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">διεσκευασμένοι</w>:</emph> 'splendidly decorated'; so Schweighaeuser for the manuscript <w lang="el-GR">διεσκεδασμένοι</w>.

30.25.12 - 30.25.12

<emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">βόες . . . περὶ χιλίους</w>:</emph> for sacrifice; cf. Launey, ii. 882 n. 2. <emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">θεωρίδες</w>:</emph> manuscript <w lang="el-GR">θεωρία</w>. Usually editors read <w lang="el-GR">θεωρίαι</w>, but nearly 300 sacred delegations seems a large number, and, as Schweighaeuser observes, it seems odd 'quod illae <w lang="el-GR">θεωρίαι</w> inter boues bene saginatos et inter elephantum dentes mediae commemorantur'. Hultsch and Bttner-Wobst print <w lang="el-GR">θεωρίδες</w>, a word which could mean Bacchants (Hesych.) and which Nonnus (Dionys. ix. 261) uses of Apollo's attendants (perhaps appropriate here); Casaubon also suggested <w lang="el-GR">θυωρίδες</w> (or <w lang="el-GR">θυωροί)</w>, 'tables for offerings', but 300 tables are a somewhat improbable component of a procession. Paton's <w lang="el-GR">θεωρικαί</w>, which he translates 'nearly 300 cows presented by the various sacred missions', is intolerably harsh, for one can hardly understand 'cows' from the preceding <w lang="el-GR">βόες</w>, and if cows were indicated, then it is likely that the number would have been made up to the full 300. Mauersberger translates <w lang="el-GR">θεωρίδες</w> as 'weibliche Festzugsteilnehmer'. On the whole it seems preferable to read <w lang="el-GR">θεωρίαι</w>; the words <w lang="el-GR">βραχὺ λείπουσαι</w> favour this, for the number was that of the actual delegations attending.

30.25.14 - 30.25.14

<emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">ἐν διασκευαῖς πολυτελέσι</w>:</emph> cf. § 18, <w lang="el-GR">πολυτελῶς διεσκευασμέναι</w>, 26. 3; 'in rich materials'; but whether the myths were illustrated by pictures or tableaux is uncertain.

30.25.16 - 30.25.16

<emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">τοῦ ἐπιστολιαγράφου</w>:</emph> so Casaubon (followed by Hultsch and <milestone unit="page" n="452">[452]</milestone> Bttner-Wobst) for the manuscript <w lang="el-GR">ἐπιστολαγράφου</w>; but the latter form is attested on inscriptions and should be kept (cf. BCH, 1908, 431, no. 42, from <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Delos&groupId=533&placeId=1004">Delos</a>; Laumonier, BCH, 1934, 291–8, mentioning the <w lang="el-GR">ἐπιστωλαγραφῖον</w> of Olympichus). For this official, head of the chancellery of a Hellenistic court, see Insc. de Dlos, 1543 (Menochares under Demetrius I), 1549 = OGIS, 259 (Bithys, son of Thraseas, under Antiochus VIII); OGIS, 139 l. 14 (Numenius under Ptolemy VIII), 168 l. 49 (a holder under Ptolemy X); Bikerman, Institutions, 197. <emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">χίλιοι παῖδες</w>:</emph> probably 'a thousand siaves' (rather than 'pages'); cf. Corradi, 296–7, 301. <emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">οὐδὲν ἐλάττον</w>f . . . <w lang="el-GR">δραχμῶν χιλίων</w>:</emph> 1,000 dr. would weigh 4.31 kg. on the Attic–Euboic standard.

30.25.17 - 30.25.17

<emph rend="bold"><w lang="el-GR">βασιλικοὶ . . . παῖδες</w>:</emph> usually the royal pages (cf. v. 82. 13 n.); but the 600 <w lang="el-GR">παῖδες</w> mentioned here may be slaves, since they would thus parallel those of Dionysius (§ 16). In a letter of Aristeas to Philocrates (186, Wendland) <w lang="el-GR">βασιλικοὶ παῖδες</w> and <w lang="el-GR">(παῖδες) τῶν τιμωμένων ὑπὸ βασιλέως</w> with menial duties are also probably slaves, and parallel to the two groups mentioned here; cf. Corradi, 300–1.

Addenda & corrigenda

30.25.1 - 30.25.1

<emph rend="bold">25. 1. <w lang="el-GR">βουλόμενος . . . ὑπερᾶραι τὸν Παῦλον</w>:</emph> on Antiochus IV's object in holding the display at Daphne see also J. G. Bunge, Chiron, 1976, 53–71, who argues that, besides emulating Aemilius, he intended it to be a prelude to his eastern campaign and also the celebration of the ninth anniversary of his accession. <milestone unit="page" n="794">[794]</milestone>

Polybius, Histories

Bibliography

Archaeology

Places

Walbank Commentary

Commentary