Polybius, Histories

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Book 3 - Chapter 61

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<w lemma="%2Aproqe%2Fmenos">Προθέμενος</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Apo%2Fplion">Πόπλιον</w> <w lemma="a%29kou%2Fwn">ἀκούων</w> <w lemma="h%29%2Fdh">ἤδη</w> <w lemma="diabebhke%2Fnai">διαβεβηκέναι</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Apa%2Fdon">Πάδον</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="duna%2Fmewn">δυνάμεων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="su%2Fneggus">σύνεγγυς</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dnai">εἶναι</w>, <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="prw%3Dton">πρῶτον</w> <w lemma="h%29pi%2Fstei">ἠπίστει</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="prosaggellome%2Fnois">προσαγγελλομένοις</w>,
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<w lemma="e%29nqumou%2Fmenos">ἐνθυμούμενος</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Fti">ὅτι</w> <w lemma="pro%2Fteron">πρότερον</w> <w lemma="h%28me%2Frais">ἡμέραις</w> <w lemma="o%29li%2Fgais">ὀλίγαις</w> <w lemma="au%29to%5Cn">αὐτὸν</w> <w lemma="a%29pe%2Flipe">ἀπέλιπε</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rodanou%3D">Ῥοδανοῦ</w> <w lemma="dia%2Fbasin">διάβασιν</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="sullogizo%2Fmenos">συλλογιζόμενος</w> <w lemma="to%2Fn">τόν</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="plou%3Dn">πλοῦν</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="a%29po%5C">ἀπὸ</w> <w lemma="%2Amassali%2Fas">Μασσαλίας</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="%2Aturrhni%2Fan">Τυρρηνίαν</w> <w lemma="w%28s">ὡς</w> <w lemma="makro%5Cs">μακρὸς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="dusparako%2Fmistos">δυσπαρακόμιστος</w> <w lemma="ei%29%2Fh">εἴη</w>,
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<w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftois">τούτοις</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="porei%2Fan">πορείαν</w> <w lemma="i%28storw%3Dn">ἱστορῶν</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29po%5C">ἀπὸ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="%2Aturrhnikou%3D">Τυρρηνικοῦ</w> <w lemma="pela%2Fgous">πελάγους</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29itali%2Fas">Ἰταλίας</w> <w lemma="me%2Fxri">μέχρι</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29%2Falpeis">Ἄλπεις</w> <w lemma="w%28s">ὡς</w> <w lemma="pollh%5C">πολλὴ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="dusdi%2Fodos">δυσδίοδος</w> <w lemma="u%28pa%2Frxei">ὑπάρχει</w> <w lemma="stratope%2Fdois">στρατοπέδοις</w>.
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<w lemma="pleio%2Fnwn">πλειόνων</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="safeste%2Frws">σαφεστέρως</w> <w lemma="a%29ei%5C">ἀεὶ</w> <w lemma="prosaggello%2Fntwn">προσαγγελλόντων</w>, <w lemma="e%29qau%2Fmaze">ἐθαύμαζε</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="katepe%2Fplhkto">κατεπέπληκτο</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Flhn">ὅλην</w> <w lemma="e%29pibolh%5Cn">ἐπιβολὴν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="pra%3Dcin">πρᾶξιν</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="strathgou%3D">στρατηγοῦ</w>.
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<w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="paraplh%2Fsion">παραπλήσιον</w> <w lemma="sune%2Fbaine">συνέβαινε</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fsxein">πάσχειν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Apo%2Fplion:">Πόπλιον·</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="a%29rxa%5Cs">ἀρχὰς</w> <w lemma="ou%29d%27">οὐδ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29piba%2Fllesqai">ἐπιβάλλεσθαι</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29%2Falpewn">Ἄλπεων</w> <w lemma="h%29%2Flpise">ἤλπισε</w> <w lemma="porei%2Fa%7C">πορείᾳ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29anni%2Fban">Ἀννίβαν</w> <w lemma="duna%2Fmesin">δυνάμεσιν</w> <w lemma="a%29llofu%2Flois:">ἀλλοφύλοις·</w> <w lemma="ei%29">εἰ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tolmh%2Fsai">τολμήσαι</w>, <w lemma="katafqarh%2Fsesqai">καταφθαρήσεσθαι</w> <w lemma="prodh%2Flws">προδήλως</w> <w lemma="au%29to%5Cn">αὐτὸν</w> <w lemma="u%28pela%2Fmbanen">ὑπελάμβανεν</w>. <w lemma="dio%2Fper">διόπερ</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="toiou%2Ftois">τοιούτοις</w> <w lemma="w%29%5Cn">ὢν</w> <w lemma="dialogismoi%3Ds">διαλογισμοῖς</w>,
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<w lemma="w%28s">ὡς</w> <w lemma="e%29punqa%2Fneto">ἐπυνθάνετο</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="sesw%3Dsqai">σεσῶσθαι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="poliorkei%3Dn">πολιορκεῖν</w> <w lemma="au%29to%5Cn">αὐτὸν</w> <w lemma="h%29%2Fdh">ἤδη</w> <w lemma="tina%5Cs">τινὰς</w> <w lemma="po%2Fleis">πόλεις</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29itali%2Fa%7C">Ἰταλίᾳ</w>, <w lemma="katepe%2Fplhkto">κατεπέπληκτο</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="to%2Flman">τόλμαν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="para%2Fbolon">παράβολον</w> <w lemma="ta%29ndro%2Fs">τἀνδρός</w>.
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<w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="au%29to%5C">αὐτὸ</w> <w lemma="sune%2Fbainen">συνέβαινεν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rw%2Fmh%7C">Ῥώμῃ</w> <w lemma="peponqe%2Fnai">πεπονθέναι</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="prospipto%2Fntwn">προσπιπτόντων</w>.
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<w lemma="a%29%2Frti">ἄρτι</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="teleutai%2Fas">τελευταίας</w> <w lemma="fh%2Fmhs">φήμης</w> <w lemma="katalhgou%2Fshs">καταληγούσης</w> <w lemma="u%28pe%5Cr">ὑπὲρ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdoni%2Fwn">Καρχηδονίων</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Fti">ὅτι</w> <w lemma="%2Aza%2Fkanqan">Ζάκανθαν</w> <w lemma="ei%29lh%2Ffasin">εἰλήφασιν</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="tau%2Fthn">ταύτην</w> <w lemma="bebouleume%2Fnwn">βεβουλευμένων</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fnnoian">ἔννοιαν</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="e%28%2Fna">ἕνα</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="strathgw%3Dn">στρατηγῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29capestalko%2Ftwn">ἐξαπεσταλκότων</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2Alibu%2Fhn">Λιβύην</w>, <w lemma="w%28s">ὡς</w> <w lemma="au%29th%5Cn">αὐτὴν</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdo%2Fna">Καρχηδόνα</w> <w lemma="poliorkh%2Fsonta">πολιορκήσοντα</w>, <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="e%28%2Fteron">ἕτερον</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29ibhri%2Fan">Ἰβηρίαν</w>, <w lemma="w%28s">ὡς</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29anni%2Fban">Ἀννίβαν</w> <w lemma="e%29kei%3D">ἐκεῖ</w> <w lemma="diapolemh%2Fsonta">διαπολεμήσοντα</w>, <w lemma="parh%3Dn">παρῆν</w> <w lemma="a%29ggeli%2Fa">ἀγγελία</w> <w lemma="dio%2Fti">διότι</w> <w lemma="pa%2Frestin">πάρεστιν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29anni%2Fbas">Ἀννίβας</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="duna%2Fmews">δυνάμεως</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="poliorkei%3D">πολιορκεῖ</w> <w lemma="tinas">τινας</w> <w lemma="h%29%2Fdh">ἤδη</w> <w lemma="po%2Fleis">πόλεις</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29itali%2Fa%7C">Ἰταλίᾳ</w>.
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<w lemma="dio%2Fti">διότι</w> <w lemma="parado%2Fcou">παραδόξου</w> <w lemma="fane%2Fntos">φανέντος</w> <w lemma="au%29toi%3Ds">αὐτοῖς</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="ginome%2Fnou">γινομένου</w>, <w lemma="diataraxqe%2Fntes">διαταραχθέντες</w> <w lemma="paraxrh%3Dma">παραχρῆμα</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Atebe%2Frion">Τεβέριον</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="%2Alilu%2Fbaion">Λιλύβαιον</w> <w lemma="e%29cape%2Fstellon">ἐξαπέστελλον</w>, <w lemma="dhlou%3Dntes">δηλοῦντες</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="parousi%2Fan">παρουσίαν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="polemi%2Fwn">πολεμίων</w>, <w lemma="oi%29o%2Fmenoi">οἰόμενοι</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="dei%3Dn">δεῖν</w> <w lemma="a%29fe%2Fmenon">ἀφέμενον</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="prokeime%2Fnwn">προκειμένων</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="spoudh%5Cn">σπουδὴν</w> <w lemma="bohqei%3Dn">βοηθεῖν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="i%29di%2Fois">ἰδίοις</w> <w lemma="pra%2Fgmasin">πράγμασιν</w>.
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<w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="%2Atebe%2Frios">Τεβέριος</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="a%29po%5C">ἀπὸ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="sto%2Flou">στόλου</w> <w lemma="parauti%2Fka">παραυτίκα</w> <w lemma="sunaqroi%2Fsas">συναθροίσας</w> <w lemma="e%29ce%2Fpemye">ἐξέπεμψε</w>, <w lemma="paraggei%2Flas">παραγγείλας</w> <w lemma="poiei%3Dsqai">ποιεῖσθαι</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="plou%3Dn">πλοῦν</w> <w lemma="w%28s">ὡς</w> <w lemma="e%29p%27">ἐπ᾽</w> <w lemma="oi%29%2Fkou:">οἴκου·</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="pezika%5Cs">πεζικὰς</w> <w lemma="duna%2Fmeis">δυνάμεις</w> <w lemma="e%29cw%2Frkise">ἐξώρκισε</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="xilia%2Frxwn">χιλιάρχων</w>, <w lemma="ta%2Fcas">τάξας</w> <w lemma="h%28me%2Fran">ἡμέραν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="h%28%3D%7C">ᾗ</w> <w lemma="deh%2Fsei">δεήσει</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fntas">πάντας</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29arimi%2Fnw%7C">Ἀριμίνῳ</w> <w lemma="gene%2Fsqai">γενέσθαι</w> <w lemma="koitai%2Fous">κοιταίους</w>.
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<w lemma="au%28%2Fth">αὕτη</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fsti">ἔστι</w> <w lemma="po%2Flis">πόλις</w> <w lemma="para%5C">παρὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29adri%2Fan">Ἀδρίαν</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="pe%2Frati">πέρατι</w> <w lemma="keime%2Fnh">κειμένη</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Apa%2Fdon">Πάδον</w> <w lemma="pedi%2Fwn">πεδίων</w> <w lemma="w%28s">ὡς</w> <w lemma="a%29po%5C">ἀπὸ</w> <w lemma="meshmbri%2Fas">μεσημβρίας</w>.
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<w lemma="pantaxo%2Fqen">πανταχόθεν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="kinh%2Fmatos">κινήματος</w> <w lemma="a%28%2Fma">ἅμα</w> <w lemma="ginome%2Fnou">γινομένου</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="sumbaino%2Fntwn">συμβαινόντων</w> <w lemma="pa%3Dsi">πᾶσι</w> <w lemma="para%5C">παρὰ</w> <w lemma="do%2Fcan">δόξαν</w> <w lemma="prospipto%2Fntwn">προσπιπτόντων</w>, <w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w> <w lemma="par%27">παρ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%28ka%2Fstois">ἑκάστοις</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%2Fstasis">ἐπίστασις</w> <w lemma="u%28pe%5Cr">ὑπὲρ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="me%2Fllontos">μέλλοντος</w> <w lemma="ou%29k">οὐκ</w> <w lemma="eu%29katafro%2Fnhtos">εὐκαταφρόνητος</w>.
Such was the purpose he had in view when the news reached him that Publius had already crossed the Po and was quite near at hand. At first he refused to believe it, reflecting that he had left him only a few days previously near the crossing of the <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Rhone&groupId=933&placeId=1667">Rhone</a> and that the coasting voyage from Marseilles to <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Etruria&groupId=582&placeId=1089">Etruria</a> was long and difficult, and learning further by inquiry that the road through <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Italy&groupId=656&placeId=1199">Italy</a> from the <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Tyrrhenian Sea&groupId=1054&placeId=1856">Tyrrhenian Sea</a> to the <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Alps&groupId=313&placeId=609">Alps</a> was likewise very long and not suited for the march of troops. But when more messengers continued to arrive bringing the same news in a more definite form, he was struck with amazement at the whole project of the Consul and the way he had carried it out. Publius had very much the same feeling; for at first he had never expected that Hannibal would even attempt to cross the <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Alps&groupId=313&placeId=609">Alps</a> with foreign forces, and if he ventured on it he thought that certain destruction awaited them. So that, his anticipations being such, when he heard that Hannibal was safe and was already besieging towns in <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Italy&groupId=656&placeId=1199">Italy</a> he was amazed too at his daring and venturesomeness. In <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Rome&groupId=935&placeId=1669">Rome</a> itself the intelligence had much the same effect. The stir created by the last news of the Carthaginians — that they had captured <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Saguntum&groupId=938&placeId=1673">Saguntum</a> — had only just subsided, measures had been taken to meet this situation by sending one Consul to <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Libya&groupId=686&placeId=427">Libya</a> who was to besiege <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Carthage&groupId=441&placeId=820">Carthage</a> itself, and the other to <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Spain&groupId=983&placeId=1735">Spain</a> to fight, as they thought, with Hannibal there; and now news came that Hannibal was in <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Italy&groupId=656&placeId=1199">Italy</a> with his army and already laying siege to some cities. The thing therefore seemed altogether astounding to them, and in great alarm they sent urgent orders to Tiberius at <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Lilybaeum&groupId=690&placeId=1261">Lilybaeum</a>, informing him of the arrival of the enemy and bidding him abandon his present project and hasten to the help of his own country. Tiberius at once collected the crews of his fleet and dispatched it with orders to make for home. From his soldiers he exacted through the Tribunes an oath that they would all be at <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Ariminum&groupId=362&placeId=691">Ariminum</a> on a certain day before bed-time. This is a city on the Adriatic at the southern edge of the plains of the Po. So that as there was great stir and activity all round, and as the news that arrived was what nobody expected, there was on both sides that intense concern for the future which an enemy cannot afford to neglect.