<w lemma="%2A%28h">Ἡ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ou%29%3Dn">οὖν</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Aka%2Fnnan">Κάνναν</w> <w lemma="genome%2Fnh">γενομένη</w> <w lemma="ma%2Fxh">μάχη</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fwn">Ῥωμαίων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdoni%2Fwn">Καρχηδονίων</w> <w lemma="e%29petele%2Fsqh">ἐπετελέσθη</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="tro%2Fpon">τρόπον</w> <w lemma="tou%3Dton">τοῦτον</w>, <w lemma="ma%2Fxh">μάχη</w> <w lemma="gennaiota%2Ftous">γενναιοτάτους</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fndras">ἄνδρας</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fxousa">ἔχουσα</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="nikh%2Fsantas">νικήσαντας</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="h%28tthqe%2Fntas">ἡττηθέντας</w>.
<w lemma="dh%3Dlon">δῆλον</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%3Dt%27">τοῦτ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29ge%2Fnet%27">ἐγένετ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29c">ἐξ</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3Dn">αὐτῶν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="pragma%2Ftwn">πραγμάτων</w>. <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="e%28cakisxili%2Fwn">ἑξακισχιλίων</w> <w lemma="i%28ppe%2Fwn">ἱππέων</w> <w lemma="e%28bdomh%2Fkonta">ἑβδομήκοντα</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="%2Aou%29enousi%2Fan">Οὐενουσίαν</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="%2Agai+%2Fou">Γαΐου</w> <w lemma="die%2Ffugon">διέφυγον</w>, <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="triakosi%2Fous">τριακοσίους</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="summa%2Fxwn">συμμάχων</w> <w lemma="spora%2Fdes">σποράδες</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="po%2Fleis">πόλεις</w> <w lemma="e%29sw%2Fqhsan:">ἐσώθησαν·</w>
<w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="pezw%3Dn">πεζῶν</w> <w lemma="maxo%2Fmenoi">μαχόμενοι</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="e%28a%2Flwsan">ἑάλωσαν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="muri%2Fous">μυρίους</w> — <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29kto%5Cs">ἐκτὸς</w> <w lemma="o%29%2Fntes">ὄντες</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="ma%2Fxhs">μάχης</w> — <w lemma="e%29c">ἐξ</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%3D">αὐτοῦ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="kindu%2Fnou">κινδύνου</w> <w lemma="trisxi%2Flioi">τρισχίλιοι</w> <w lemma="mo%2Fnon">μόνον</w> <w lemma="i%29%2Fsws">ἴσως</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="parakeime%2Fnas">παρακειμένας</w> <w lemma="po%2Fleis">πόλεις</w> <w lemma="die%2Ffugon">διέφυγον</w>.
<w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="loipoi%5C">λοιποὶ</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fntes">πάντες</w>, <w lemma="o%29%2Fntes">ὄντες</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="e%28pta%5C">ἑπτὰ</w> <w lemma="muria%2Fdas">μυριάδας</w>, <w lemma="a%29pe%2Fqanon">ἀπέθανον</w> <w lemma="eu%29genw%3Ds">εὐγενῶς</w>, <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="megi%2Fsthn">μεγίστην</w> <w lemma="xrei%2Fan">χρείαν</w> <w lemma="paresxhme%2Fnou">παρεσχημένου</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdoni%2Fois">Καρχηδονίοις</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="nika%3Dn">νικᾶν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="to%2Fte">τότε</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pro%5C">πρὸ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="i%28ppe%2Fwn">ἱππέων</w> <w lemma="o%29%2Fxlou">ὄχλου</w>.
<w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="dh%3Dlon">δῆλον</w> <w lemma="e%29ge%2Fneto">ἐγένετο</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29pigenome%2Fnois">ἐπιγενομένοις</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Fti">ὅτι</w> <w lemma="krei%3Dtto%2Fn">κρεῖττόν</w> <w lemma="e%29sti">ἐστι</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="pole%2Fmwn">πολέμων</w> <w lemma="kairou%5Cs">καιροὺς</w> <w lemma="h%28mi%2Fseis">ἡμίσεις</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fxein">ἔχειν</w> <w lemma="pezou%2Fs">πεζούς</w>, <w lemma="i%28ppokratei%3Dn">ἱπποκρατεῖν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Flois">ὅλοις</w>, <w lemma="ma%3Dllon">μᾶλλον</w> <w lemma="h%29%5C">ἢ</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fnta">πάντα</w> <w lemma="pa%2Frisa">πάρισα</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="polemi%2Fois">πολεμίοις</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fxonta">ἔχοντα</w> <w lemma="diakinduneu%2Fein">διακινδυνεύειν</w>.
<w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="met%27">μετ᾽</w> <w lemma="%2A%29anni%2Fbou">Ἀννίβου</w> <w lemma="%2Akeltoi%5C">Κελτοὶ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fpeson">ἔπεσον</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="tetrakisxili%2Fous">τετρακισχιλίους</w>, <w lemma="%2A%29%2Fibhres">Ἴβηρες</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Ali%2Fbues">Λίβυες</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="xili%2Fous">χιλίους</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pentakosi%2Fous">πεντακοσίους</w>, <w lemma="i%28ppei%3Ds">ἱππεῖς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="diakosi%2Fous">διακοσίους</w>.
<w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="zwgrhqe%2Fntes">ζωγρηθέντες</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fwn">Ῥωμαίων</w> <w lemma="e%29kto%5Cs">ἐκτὸς</w> <w lemma="e%29ge%2Fnonto">ἐγένοντο</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="kindu%2Fnou">κινδύνου</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="toiau%2Fthn">τοιαύτην</w> <w lemma="ai%29ti%2Fan">αἰτίαν</w>.
<w lemma="%2Aleu%2Fkios">Λεύκιος</w> <w lemma="a%29pe%2Flipe">ἀπέλιπε</w> <w lemma="muri%2Fous">μυρίους</w> <w lemma="pezou%5Cs">πεζοὺς</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="e%28autou%3D">ἑαυτοῦ</w> <w lemma="parembolh%3Ds">παρεμβολῆς</w>, <w lemma="i%28%2Fn%27">ἵν᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29a%5Cn">ἐὰν</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29anni%2Fbas">Ἀννίβας</w> <w lemma="o%29ligwrh%2Fsas">ὀλιγωρήσας</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="xa%2Frakos">χάρακος</w> <w lemma="e%29kta%2Fch%7C">ἐκτάξῃ</w> <w lemma="pa%3Dsi">πᾶσι</w>, <w lemma="parapeso%2Fntes">παραπεσόντες</w> <w lemma="ou%28%3Dtoi">οὗτοι</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="ma%2Fxhs">μάχης</w> <w lemma="kairo%5Cn">καιρὸν</w> <w lemma="e%29gkratei%3Ds">ἐγκρατεῖς</w> <w lemma="ge%2Fnwntai">γένωνται</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="polemi%2Fwn">πολεμίων</w> <w lemma="a%29poskeuh%3Ds">ἀποσκευῆς</w>,
<w lemma="e%29a%5Cn">ἐὰν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="proi+do%2Fmenos">προϊδόμενος</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="me%2Fllon">μέλλον</w> <w lemma="a%29poli%2Fph%7C">ἀπολίπῃ</w> <w lemma="fulakh%5Cn">φυλακὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29cio%2Fxrewn">ἀξιόχρεων</w>, <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="e%29la%2Fttous">ἐλάττους</w> <w lemma="au%29toi%3Ds">αὐτοῖς</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Flwn">ὅλων</w> <w lemma="ge%2Fnhtai">γένηται</w> <w lemma="ki%2Fndunos">κίνδυνος</w>.
<w lemma="e%28a%2Flwsan">ἑάλωσαν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="toiou%2Ftw%7C">τοιούτῳ</w> <w lemma="tini%5C">τινὶ</w> <w lemma="tro%2Fpw%7C">τρόπῳ</w>. <w lemma="katalipo%2Fntos">καταλιπόντος</w> <w lemma="%2A%29anni%2Fbou">Ἀννίβου</w> <w lemma="fulakh%5Cn">φυλακὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29rkou%3Dsan">ἀρκοῦσαν</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="xa%2Frakos">χάρακος</w>, <w lemma="a%28%2Fma">ἅμα</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="kata%2Frcasqai">κατάρξασθαι</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="ma%2Fxhn">μάχην</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="suntaxqe%5Cn">συνταχθὲν</w> <w lemma="e%29polio%2Frkoun">ἐπολιόρκουν</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%3Doi">Ῥωμαῖοι</w>, <w lemma="prosba%2Fllontes">προσβάλλοντες</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="a%29poleleimme%2Fnous">ἀπολελειμμένους</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdoni%2Fwn">Καρχηδονίων</w> <w lemma="xa%2Fraki">χάρακι</w>. <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ou%29%3Dn">οὖν</w> <w lemma="prw%3Dton">πρῶτον</w> <w lemma="a%29ntei%3Dxon:">ἀντεῖχον·</w>
<w lemma="h%29%2Fdh">ἤδη</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3Dn">αὐτῶν</w> <w lemma="piezome%2Fnwn">πιεζομένων</w>, <w lemma="e%29peidh%5C">ἐπειδὴ</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fnta">πάντα</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="me%2Frh">μέρη</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="ma%2Fxhn">μάχην</w> <w lemma="%2A%29anni%2Fbas">Ἀννίβας</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fkrine">ἔκρινε</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="to%2Fte">τότε</w> <w lemma="parabohqh%2Fsas">παραβοηθήσας</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="treya%2Fmenos">τρεψάμενος</w> <w lemma="sune%2Fkleise">συνέκλεισε</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fous">Ῥωμαίους</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="i%29di%2Fan">ἰδίαν</w> <w lemma="parembolh%5Cn">παρεμβολὴν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="disxili%2Fous">δισχιλίους</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3Dn">αὐτῶν</w> <w lemma="a%29pe%2Fkteine">ἀπέκτεινε</w>, <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="loipw%3Dn">λοιπῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29gkrath%5Cs">ἐγκρατὴς</w> <w lemma="e%29ge%2Fneto">ἐγένετο</w> <w lemma="zwgri%2Fa%7C">ζωγρίᾳ</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fntwn">πάντων</w>.
<w lemma="o%28moi%2Fws">ὁμοίως</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="xw%2Fran">χώραν</w> <w lemma="e%29ru%2Fmata">ἐρύματα</w> <w lemma="sumpefeugo%2Ftas">συμπεφευγότας</w> <w lemma="e%29kpoliorkh%2Fsantes">ἐκπολιορκήσαντες</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="%2Anoma%2Fdes">Νομάδες</w> <w lemma="e%29panh%3Dgon">ἐπανῆγον</w>, <w lemma="o%29%2Fntas">ὄντας</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="disxili%2Fous">δισχιλίους</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="fugh%5Cn">φυγὴν</w> <w lemma="trape%2Fntwn">τραπέντων</w> <w lemma="i%28ppe%2Fwn">ἱππέων</w>.
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Such was the outcome of the battle at <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Cannae&groupId=430&placeId=797">Cannae</a> between the Romans and Carthaginians, a battle in which both the victors and the vanquished displayed conspicuous bravery, as was evinced by the facts. For of the six thousand cavalry, seventy escaped to <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Venusia&groupId=1057&placeId=1860">Venusia</a> with Terentius, and about three hundred of the allied horse reached different cities in scattered groups. Of the infantry about ten thousand were captured fighting but not in the actual battle, while only perhaps three thousand escaped from the field to neighbouring towns. All the rest, numbering about seventy thousand, died bravely. Both on this occasion and on former ones their numerous cavalry had contributed most to the victory of the Carthaginians, and it demonstrated to posterity that in times of war it is better to give battle with half as many infantry as the enemy and an overwhelming force of cavalry than to be in all respects his equal. Of Hannibal\'s army there fell about four thousand Celts, fifteen hundred Spaniards and Africans and two hundred cavalry.
The Romans who were made prisoners were not in the battle for the following reason. Lucius had left a force of ten thousand foot in his own camp, in order that, if Hannibal, neglecting his camp, employed his whole army in the field, they might during the battle gain entrance there and capture all the enemy's baggage: if, on the other hand, Hannibal, guessing this danger, left a strong garrison in the camp, the force opposed to the Romans would be reduced in numbers. The circumstances of their capture were more or less as follows. Hannibal had left an adequate force to guard his camp, and when the battle opened, the Romans, as they had been ordered, delivered an assault on this force. At first they held out, but as they were beginning to be hard pressed, Hannibal, who was now victorious in every part of the field, came to their assistance, and routing the Romans shut them up in their camp. He killed two thousand of them and afterwards made all the rest prisoners. The Numidians also reduced the various strongholds throughout the country which had given shelter to the flying enemy and brought in the fugitives, consisting of about two thousand horse.
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Walbank Commentary