<w lemma="%2Agenome%2Fnhs">Γενομένης</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="sumplokh%3Ds">συμπλοκῆς</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="prw%2Fths">πρώτης</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="protetagme%2Fnwn">προτεταγμένων</w>, <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="a%29rxa%5Cs">ἀρχὰς</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3Dn">αὐτῶν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="eu%29zw%2Fnwn">εὐζώνων</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fpisos">ἔπισος</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="ki%2Fndunos">κίνδυνος</w>,
<w lemma="a%28%2Fma">ἅμα</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29%2Fibhras">Ἴβηρας</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Akeltou%5Cs">Κελτοὺς</w> <w lemma="i%28ppei%3Ds">ἱππεῖς</w> <w lemma="a%29po%5C">ἀπὸ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="eu%29wnu%2Fmwn">εὐωνύμων</w> <w lemma="pela%2Fsai">πελάσαι</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fois">Ῥωμαίοις</w> <w lemma="e%29poi%2Foun">ἐποίουν</w> <w lemma="ou%28%3Dtoi">οὗτοι</w> <w lemma="ma%2Fxhn">μάχην</w> <w lemma="a%29lhqinh%5Cn">ἀληθινὴν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="barbarikh%2Fn:">βαρβαρικήν·</w>
<w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="no%2Fmous">νόμους</w> <w lemma="e%29c">ἐξ</w> <w lemma="a%29nastrofh%3Ds">ἀναστροφῆς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="metabolh%3Ds">μεταβολῆς</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="ki%2Fndunos">κίνδυνος</w>, <w lemma="a%29ll%27">ἀλλ᾽</w> <w lemma="ei%29sa%2Fpac">εἰσάπαξ</w> <w lemma="sumpeso%2Fntes">συμπεσόντες</w> <w lemma="e%29ma%2Fxonto">ἐμάχοντο</w> <w lemma="sumpleko%2Fmenoi">συμπλεκόμενοι</w> <w lemma="kat%27">κατ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fndra">ἄνδρα</w>, <w lemma="parakatabai%2Fnontes">παρακαταβαίνοντες</w> <w lemma="a%29po%5C">ἀπὸ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="i%28%2Fppwn">ἵππων</w>.
<w lemma="e%29peidh%5C">ἐπειδὴ</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29kra%2Fthsan">ἐκράτησαν</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="para%5C">παρὰ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdoni%2Fwn">Καρχηδονίων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="plei%2Fstous">πλείστους</w> <w lemma="a%29pe%2Fkteinan">ἀπέκτειναν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="sumplokh%3D%7C">συμπλοκῇ</w>, <w lemma="pa%2Fntwn">πάντων</w> <w lemma="e%29kqu%2Fmws">ἐκθύμως</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="gennai%2Fws">γενναίως</w> <w lemma="diagwnizome%2Fnwn">διαγωνιζομένων</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fwn">Ῥωμαίων</w>, <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="loipou%5Cs">λοιποὺς</w> <w lemma="h%29%2Flaunon">ἤλαυνον</w> <w lemma="para%5C">παρὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="potamo%5Cn">ποταμὸν</w> <w lemma="foneu%2Fontes">φονεύοντες</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="prosfe%2Frontes">προσφέροντες</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="xei%3Dras">χεῖρας</w> <w lemma="a%29paraith%2Ftws">ἀπαραιτήτως</w>, <w lemma="to%2Fte">τότε</w> <w lemma="dh%5C">δὴ</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="pezika%5C">πεζικὰ</w> <w lemma="strato%2Fpeda">στρατόπεδα</w> <w lemma="diadeca%2Fmena">διαδεξάμενα</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="eu%29zw%2Fnous">εὐζώνους</w> <w lemma="sune%2Fpesen">συνέπεσεν</w> <w lemma="a%29llh%2Flois">ἀλλήλοις</w>.
<w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="braxu%5C">βραχὺ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ou%29%3Dn">οὖν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29ibh%2Frwn">Ἰβήρων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Akeltw%3Dn">Κελτῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fmenon">ἔμενον</w> <w lemma="ai%28">αἱ</w> <w lemma="ta%2Fceis">τάξεις</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="diema%2Fxonto">διεμάχοντο</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fois">Ῥωμαίοις</w> <w lemma="gennai%2Fws:">γενναίως·</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="ba%2Frei">βάρει</w> <w lemma="qlibo%2Fmenoi">θλιβόμενοι</w> <w lemma="kli%2Fnontes">κλίνοντες</w> <w lemma="u%28pexw%2Froun">ὑπεχώρουν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="tou%29pi%2Fsw">τοὐπίσω</w>, <w lemma="lu%2Fsantes">λύσαντες</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="mhni%2Fskon">μηνίσκον</w>.
<w lemma="ai%28">αἱ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fwn">Ῥωμαίων</w> <w lemma="spei%3Drai">σπεῖραι</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29kqumi%2Fan">ἐκθυμίαν</w> <w lemma="e%28po%2Fmenai">ἑπόμεναι</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftois">τούτοις</w> <w lemma="die%2Fkoyan">διέκοψαν</w> <w lemma="r%28a%7Cdi%2Fws">ῥᾳδίως</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="u%28penanti%2Fwn">ὑπεναντίων</w> <w lemma="ta%2Fcin">τάξιν</w>, <w lemma="a%28%2Fte">ἅτε</w> <w lemma="dh%5C">δὴ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="%2Akeltw%3Dn">Κελτῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="lepto%5Cn">λεπτὸν</w> <w lemma="e%29ktetagme%2Fnwn">ἐκτεταγμένων</w>, <w lemma="au%29toi%5C">αὐτοὶ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="pepuknwko%2Ftes">πεπυκνωκότες</w> <w lemma="a%29po%5C">ἀπὸ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="kera%2Ftwn">κεράτων</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="me%2Fsa">μέσα</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="kinduneu%2Fonta">κινδυνεύοντα</w> <w lemma="to%2Fpon:">τόπον·</w>
<w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="a%28%2Fma">ἅμα</w> <w lemma="sune%2Fbaine">συνέβαινε</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="ke%2Frata">κέρατα</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="me%2Fsa">μέσα</w> <w lemma="sumpi%2Fptein">συμπίπτειν</w>, <w lemma="a%29lla%5C">ἀλλὰ</w> <w lemma="prw%3Dta">πρῶτα</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="me%2Fsa">μέσα</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="%2Akeltou%5Cs">Κελτοὺς</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="mhnoeidei%3D">μηνοειδεῖ</w> <w lemma="sxh%2Fmati">σχήματι</w> <w lemma="tetagme%2Fnous">τεταγμένους</w> <w lemma="polu%5C">πολὺ</w> <w lemma="propeptwke%2Fnai">προπεπτωκέναι</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="kera%2Ftwn">κεράτων</w>, <w lemma="a%28%2Fte">ἅτε</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="mhni%2Fskou">μηνίσκου</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="ku%2Frtwma">κύρτωμα</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="polemi%2Fous">πολεμίους</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fxontos">ἔχοντος</w>.
<w lemma="plh%5Cn">πλὴν</w> <w lemma="e%28po%2Fmenoi%2F">ἑπόμενοί</w> <w lemma="ge">γε</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftois">τούτοις</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%3Doi">Ῥωμαῖοι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="suntre%2Fxontes">συντρέχοντες</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="me%2Fsa">μέσα</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="ei%29%2Fkonta">εἴκοντα</w> <w lemma="to%2Fpon">τόπον</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="polemi%2Fwn">πολεμίων</w> <w lemma="ou%28%2Ftws">οὕτως</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="polu%5C">πολὺ</w> <w lemma="proe%2Fpeson">προέπεσον</w> <w lemma="w%28%2Fst%27">ὥστ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29c">ἐξ</w> <w lemma="e%28kate%2Frou">ἑκατέρου</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="me%2Frous">μέρους</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="plagi%2Fwn">πλαγίων</w> <w lemma="e%29pifanei%2Fas">ἐπιφανείας</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="%2Ali%2Fbuas">Λίβυας</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3Dn">αὐτῶν</w> <w lemma="gene%2Fsqai">γενέσθαι</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="bare%2Fsi">βαρέσι</w> <w lemma="kaqoplismoi%3Ds:">καθοπλισμοῖς·</w>
<w lemma="w%28%3Dn">ὧν</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="a%29po%5C">ἀπὸ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="deciou%3D">δεξιοῦ</w> <w lemma="ke%2Fratos">κέρατος</w> <w lemma="kli%2Fnantes">κλίναντες</w> <w lemma="e%29p%27">ἐπ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29spi%2Fda">ἀσπίδα</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29mbolh%5Cn">ἐμβολὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="do%2Fratos">δόρατος</w> <w lemma="poiou%2Fmenoi">ποιούμενοι</w> <w lemma="pari%2Fstanto">παρίσταντο</w> <w lemma="para%5C">παρὰ</w> <w lemma="pleura%5Cn">πλευρὰν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="polemi%2Fois">πολεμίοις</w>,
<w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29po%5C">ἀπὸ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="eu%29wnu%2Fmwn">εὐωνύμων</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="do%2Fru">δόρυ</w> <w lemma="poiou%2Fmenoi">ποιούμενοι</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="kli%2Fsin">κλίσιν</w> <w lemma="e%29c">ἐξ</w> <w lemma="a%29spi%2Fdos">ἀσπίδος</w> <w lemma="e%29piparene%2Fballon">ἐπιπαρενέβαλλον</w>, <w lemma="au%29tou%3D">αὐτοῦ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="pra%2Fgmatos">πράγματος</w> <w lemma="o%28%5C">ὃ</w> <w lemma="de%2Fon">δέον</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w> <w lemma="poiei%3Dn">ποιεῖν</w> <w lemma="u%28podeiknu%2Fntos">ὑποδεικνύντος</w>.
<w lemma="e%29c">ἐξ</w> <w lemma="ou%28%3D">οὗ</w> <w lemma="sune%2Fbh">συνέβη</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29anni%2Fbou">Ἀννίβου</w> <w lemma="pro%2Fnoian">πρόνοιαν</w> <w lemma="me%2Fsous">μέσους</w> <w lemma="a%29polhfqh%3Dnai">ἀποληφθῆναι</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fous">Ῥωμαίους</w> <w lemma="u%28po%5C">ὑπὸ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Alibu%2Fwn">Λιβύων</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="%2Akeltou%5Cs">Κελτοὺς</w> <w lemma="para%2Fptwsin">παράπτωσιν</w>.
<w lemma="ou%28%3Dtoi">οὗτοι</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ou%29%3Dn">οὖν</w> <w lemma="ou%29ke%2Fti">οὐκέτι</w> <w lemma="falagghdo%2Fn">φαλαγγηδόν</w>, <w lemma="a%29lla%5C">ἀλλὰ</w> <w lemma="kat%27">κατ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fndra">ἄνδρα</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="spei%2Fras">σπείρας</w> <w lemma="strefo%2Fmenoi">στρεφόμενοι</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="plagi%2Fwn">πλαγίων</w> <w lemma="pros">προς</w>
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the advanced guards were the first to come into action, and at first when only the light infantry were engaged neither side had the advantage; but when the Spanish and Celtic horse on the left wing came into collision with the Roman cavalry, the struggle that ensued was truly barbaric; for there were none of the normal wheeling evolutions, but having once met they dismounted and fought man to man. The Carthaginians finally got the upper hand, killed most of the enemy in the mellay, all the Romans fighting with desperate bravery, and began to drive the rest along the river, cutting them down mercilessly, and it was now that the heavy infantry on each side took the place of the light-armed troops and met. For a time the Spaniards and Celts kept their ranks and struggled bravely with the Romans, but soon, borne down by the weight of the legions, they gave way and fell back, breaking up the crescent. The Roman maniples, pursuing them furiously, easily penetrated the enemy's front, since the Celts were deployed in a thin line while they themselves had crowded up from the wings to the centre where the fighting was going on. For the centres and wings did not come into action simultaneously, but the centres first, as the Celts were drawn up in a crescent and a long way in advance of their wings, the convex face of the crescent being turned towards the enemy. The Romans, however, following up the Celts and pressing on to the centre and that part of the enemy's line which was giving way, progressed so far that they now had the heavy-armed Africans on both of their flanks. Hereupon the Africans on the right wing facing to the left and then beginning from the right charged upon the enemy's flank, while those on the left faced to the right and dressing by the left, did the same, the situation itself indicating to them how to act. The consequence was that, as Hannibal had designed, the Romans, straying too far in pursuit of the Celts, were caught between the two divisions of the enemy, and they now no longer kept their compact formation but turned singly or in companies to deal with the enemy who was falling on their flanks.
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Walbank Commentary