Polybius, Histories

Layout
Translation

Book 2 - Chapter 71

1
<w lemma="%2Ati%2Fnos">Τίνος</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="xa%2Frin">χάριν</w> <w lemma="e%29poihsa%2Fmeqa">ἐποιησάμεθα</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="plei%3Don">πλεῖον</w> <w lemma="u%28pe%5Cr">ὑπὲρ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="proeirhme%2Fnou">προειρημένου</w> <w lemma="pole%2Fmou">πολέμου</w> <w lemma="mnh%2Fmhn">μνήμην</w>;
2
<w lemma="dio%2Fti">διότι</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="kairw%3Dn">καιρῶν</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w> <w lemma="sunapto%2Fntwn">συναπτόντων</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="u%28f%27">ὑφ᾽</w> <w lemma="u%28mw%3Dn">ὑμῶν</w> <w lemma="i%28storei%3Dsqai">ἱστορεῖσθαι</w> <w lemma="me%2Fllousi">μέλλουσι</w> <w lemma="xrh%2Fsimon">χρήσιμον</w> <w lemma="e%29do%2Fkei">ἐδόκει</w>, <w lemma="ma%3Dllon">μᾶλλον</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29nagkai%3Don">ἀναγκαῖον</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dnai">εἶναι</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29c">ἐξ</w> <w lemma="a%29rxh%3Ds">ἀρχῆς</w> <w lemma="pro%2Fqesin">πρόθεσιν</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="poih%3Dsai">ποιῆσαι</w> <w lemma="pa%3Dsin">πᾶσιν</w> <w lemma="e%29nargh%3D">ἐναργῆ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="gnw%2Frimon">γνώριμον</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="u%28pa%2Frxousan">ὑπάρχουσαν</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Amakedo%2Fnas">Μακεδόνας</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="%2A%28%2Fellhnas">Ἕλληνας</w> <w lemma="to%2Fte">τότε</w> <w lemma="kata%2Fstasin">κατάστασιν</w>.
3
<w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%5Cs">αὐτοὺς</w> <w lemma="kairou%5Cs">καιροὺς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Aptolemai%2Fou">Πτολεμαίου</w> <w lemma="no%2Fsw%7C">νόσῳ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="bi%2Fon">βίον</w> <w lemma="metalla%2Fcantos">μεταλλάξαντος</w> <w lemma="%2Aptolemai%3Dos">Πτολεμαῖος</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="klhqei%5Cs">κληθεὶς</w> <w lemma="%2Afilopa%2Ftwr">Φιλοπάτωρ</w> <w lemma="diede%2Fcato">διεδέξατο</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="basilei%2Fan">βασιλείαν</w>.
4
<w lemma="meth%2Fllace">μετήλλαξε</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Ase%2Fleukos">Σέλευκος</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="%2Aseleu%2Fkou">Σελεύκου</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="%2Akallini%2Fkou">Καλλινίκου</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Apw%2Fgwnos">Πώγωνος</w> <w lemma="e%29piklhqe%2Fntos:">ἐπικληθέντος·</w> <w lemma="%2A%29anti%2Foxos">Ἀντίοχος</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="diede%2Fcato">διεδέξατο</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="%2Asuri%2Fa%7C">Συρίᾳ</w> <w lemma="basilei%2Fan">βασιλείαν</w>, <w lemma="a%29delfo%5Cs">ἀδελφὸς</w> <w lemma="w%29%5Cn">ὢν</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%3D">αὐτοῦ</w>.
5
<w lemma="paraplh%2Fsion">παραπλήσιον</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="dh%2F">δή</w> <w lemma="ti">τι</w> <w lemma="sune%2Fbh">συνέβη</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftois">τούτοις</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="prw%2Ftois">πρώτοις</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29aleca%2Fndrou">Ἀλεξάνδρου</w> <w lemma="teleuth%5Cn">τελευτὴν</w> <w lemma="katasxou%3Dsi">κατασχοῦσι</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="a%29rxa%5Cs">ἀρχὰς</w> <w lemma="tau%2Ftas">ταύτας</w>, <w lemma="le%2Fgw">λέγω</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="%2Aseleu%2Fkw%7C">Σελεύκῳ</w>, <w lemma="%2Aptolemai%2Fw%7C">Πτολεμαίῳ</w>, <w lemma="%2Alusima%2Fxw%7C">Λυσιμάχῳ</w>.
6
<w lemma="e%29kei%3Dnoi%2F">ἐκεῖνοί</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fntes">πάντες</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="ei%29kosth%5Cn">εἰκοστὴν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="teta%2Frthn">τετάρτην</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="e%28kato%5Cn">ἑκατὸν</w> <w lemma="o%29lumpia%2Fda">ὀλυμπιάδα</w> <w lemma="meth%2Fllacan">μετήλλαξαν</w>, <w lemma="kaqa%2Fper">καθάπερ</w> <w lemma="e%29pa%2Fnw">ἐπάνω</w> <w lemma="proei%3Dpon">προεῖπον</w>, <w lemma="ou%28%3Dtoi%2F">οὗτοί</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29na%2Fthn">ἐνάτην</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="triakosth%2Fn">τριακοστήν</w>.
7
<w lemma="h%28mei%3Ds">ἡμεῖς</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29peidh%5C">ἐπειδὴ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%2Fstasin">ἐπίστασιν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="prokataskeuh%5Cn">προκατασκευὴν</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Flhs">ὅλης</w> <w lemma="i%28stori%2Fas">ἱστορίας</w> <w lemma="dielhlu%2Fqamen">διεληλύθαμεν</w>, <w lemma="di%27">δι᾽</w> <w lemma="h%28%3Ds">ἧς</w> <w lemma="u%28pode%2Fdeiktai">ὑποδέδεικται</w> <w lemma="po%2Fte">πότε</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pw%3Ds">πῶς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="di%27">δι᾽</w> <w lemma="a%28%5Cs">ἃς</w> <w lemma="ai%29ti%2Fas">αἰτίας</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29itali%2Fan">Ἰταλίαν</w> <w lemma="krath%2Fsantes">κρατήσαντες</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%3Doi">Ῥωμαῖοι</w> <w lemma="prw%3Dton">πρῶτον</w> <w lemma="e%29gxeirei%3Dn">ἐγχειρεῖν</w> <w lemma="h%29%2Frcanto">ἤρξαντο</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fcw">ἔξω</w> <w lemma="pra%2Fgmasi">πράγμασι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="prw%3Dton">πρῶτον</w> <w lemma="e%29to%2Flmhsan">ἐτόλμησαν</w> <w lemma="a%29mfisbhtei%3Dn">ἀμφισβητεῖν</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdoni%2Fois">Καρχηδονίοις</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="qala%2Ftths">θαλάττης</w>,
8
<w lemma="a%28%2Fma">ἅμα</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftois">τούτοις</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="%2A%28%2Fellhnas">Ἕλληνας</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Amakedo%2Fnas">Μακεδόνας</w>, <w lemma="o%28moi%2Fws">ὁμοίως</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdoni%2Fous">Καρχηδονίους</w> <w lemma="u%28pa%2Frxousan">ὑπάρχουσαν</w> <w lemma="to%2Fte">τότε</w> <w lemma="kata%2Fstasin">κατάστασιν</w> <w lemma="dedhlw%2Fkamen">δεδηλώκαμεν</w>,
9
<w lemma="kaqh%3Dkon">καθῆκον</w> <w lemma="a%29%5Cn">ἂν</w> <w lemma="ei%29%2Fh">εἴη</w> <w lemma="paragegono%2Ftas">παραγεγονότας</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="kairou%5Cs">καιροὺς</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftous">τούτους</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29c">ἐξ</w> <w lemma="a%29rxh%3Ds">ἀρχῆς</w> <w lemma="pro%2Fqesin">πρόθεσιν</w>, <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="oi%28%3Ds">οἷς</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fmellon">ἔμελλον</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28%2Fellhnes">Ἕλληνες</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="summaxiko%2Fn">συμμαχικόν</w>, <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%3Doi">Ῥωμαῖοι</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29annibiako%2Fn">Ἀννιβιακόν</w>, <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29asi%2Fan">Ἀσίαν</w> <w lemma="basilei%3Ds">βασιλεῖς</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Akoi%2Flhs">Κοίλης</w> <w lemma="%2Asuri%2Fas">Συρίας</w> <w lemma="e%29ni%2Fstasqai">ἐνίστασθαι</w> <w lemma="po%2Flemon">πόλεμον</w>,
10
<w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="bu%2Fblon">βύβλον</w> <w lemma="tau%2Fthn">ταύτην</w> <w lemma="a%29fori%2Fzein">ἀφορίζειν</w> <w lemma="a%29kolou%2Fqws">ἀκολούθως</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="progegono%2Ftwn">προγεγονότων</w> <w lemma="pragma%2Ftwn">πραγμάτων</w> <w lemma="perigrafh%3D%7C">περιγραφῇ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="kexeiriko%2Ftwn">κεχειρικότων</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="pro%5C">πρὸ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="dunastw%3Dn">δυναστῶν</w> <w lemma="katastrofh%3D%7C">καταστροφῇ</w>.
Now to explain why I have dealt with this at such length.
As this period immediately precedes those times, the history of which I am about to write, I thought it would be of service, or rather that the original plan of this work made it necessary for me, to make clearly known to everyone the state of affairs in <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Macedonia&groupId=723&placeId=428">Macedonia</a> and Greece at this time.
Just about the same time Ptolemy Euergetes fell sick and died, being succeeded by Ptolemy surnamed Philopator.
Seleucus, the son of the Seleucus surnamed Callinicus or Pogon, also died at this time, his brother Antiochus succeeding him in the kingdom of <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Syria&groupId=995&placeId=502">Syria</a>.
The same thing in fact occurred in the case of these three kings, as in that of the first successors of Alexander in the three kingdoms, Seleucus, Ptolemy, and Lysimachus,
who all, as I stated above, died in the 124th Olympiad, while these kings died in the 139th.
I have thus completed this Introduction or preliminary part of my History. In it I have shown in the first place when, how, and why the Romans, having mastered <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Italy&groupId=656&placeId=1199">Italy</a>, first entered on enterprises outside that land and disputed the command of the sea with the Carthaginians,
and next I have dealt with the state of Greece and <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Macedonia&groupId=723&placeId=428">Macedonia</a> and with that of <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Carthage&groupId=441&placeId=820">Carthage</a> as this existed then.
So having, as was my original purpose, reached the date at which the Greeks were on the eve of the Social War, the Romans on the eve of the Hannibalic War, and the kings of Asia about to enter on the war for <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Coele-Syria&groupId=484&placeId=908">Coele-Syria</a>,
I must now bring this Book to its close, which coincides with the final events preceding these wars and the death of the three kings who had up to now directed affairs.