Polybius, Histories

Layout
Translation

Book 18 - Chapter 33

1
<w lemma="%2Afi%2Flippos">Φίλιππος</w> <w lemma="de%2F">δέ</w>, <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="dunata%5C">δυνατὰ</w> <w lemma="pepoihkw%5Cs">πεποιηκὼς</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="a%29gw%3Dna">ἀγῶνα</w>, <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Flois">ὅλοις</w> <w lemma="pra%2Fgmasin">πράγμασιν</w> <w lemma="e%29sfalme%2Fnos">ἐσφαλμένος</w>, <w lemma="a%29nadeca%2Fmenos">ἀναδεξάμενος</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Fsous">ὅσους</w> <w lemma="e%29du%2Fnato">ἐδύνατο</w> <w lemma="plei%2Fstous">πλείστους</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="ma%2Fxhs">μάχης</w> <w lemma="a%29nasw%7Czome%2Fnwn">ἀνασῳζομένων</w>, <w lemma="au%29to%5Cs">αὐτὸς</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="w%28%2Frmhse">ὥρμησε</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Atempw%3Dn">Τεμπῶν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="%2Amakedoni%2Fan">Μακεδονίαν</w>.
2
<w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2Ala%2Frisan">Λάρισαν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fti">ἔτι</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="proterai%2Fa%7C">προτεραίᾳ</w> <w lemma="nukti%5C">νυκτὶ</w> <w lemma="diepe%2Fmyato%2F">διεπέμψατό</w> <w lemma="tina">τινα</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="u%28paspistw%3Dn">ὑπασπιστῶν</w>, <w lemma="e%29nteila%2Fmenos">ἐντειλάμενος</w> <w lemma="a%29fani%2Fsai">ἀφανίσαι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="katakau%3Dsai">κατακαῦσαι</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="basilika%5C">βασιλικὰ</w> <w lemma="gra%2Fmmata">γράμματα</w>, <w lemma="poiw%3Dn">ποιῶν</w> <w lemma="pra%3Dgma">πρᾶγμα</w> <w lemma="basiliko%5Cn">βασιλικὸν</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="mhd%27">μηδ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="deinoi%3Ds">δεινοῖς</w> <w lemma="lh%2Fqhn">λήθην</w> <w lemma="poiei%3Dsqai">ποιεῖσθαι</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="kaqh%2Fkontos:">καθήκοντος·</w>
3
<w lemma="safw%3Ds">σαφῶς</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="h%29%2F%7Cdei">ᾔδει</w> <w lemma="dio%2Fti">διότι</w> <w lemma="polla%5Cs">πολλὰς</w> <w lemma="a%29forma%5Cs">ἀφορμὰς</w> <w lemma="dw%2Fsei">δώσει</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29xqroi%3Ds">ἐχθροῖς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="kaq%27">καθ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%28autou%3D">ἑαυτοῦ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="fi%2Flwn">φίλων</w>, <w lemma="e%29a%5Cn">ἐὰν</w> <w lemma="krath%2Fswsi">κρατήσωσι</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%3Doi">Ῥωμαῖοι</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="u%28pomnhma%2Ftwn">ὑπομνημάτων</w>.
4
<w lemma="i%29%2Fsws">ἴσως</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ou%29%3Dn">οὖν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="e%28te%2Frois">ἑτέροις</w> <w lemma="h%29%2Fdh">ἤδη</w> <w lemma="tou%3Dto">τοῦτο</w> <w lemma="sumbe%2Fbhke">συμβέβηκε</w>, <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29pituxi%2Fais">ἐπιτυχίαις</w> <w lemma="e%29cousi%2Fas">ἐξουσίας</w> <w lemma="mh%5C">μὴ</w> <w lemma="du%2Fnasqai">δύνασθαι</w> <w lemma="fe%2Frein">φέρειν</w> <w lemma="a%29nqrwpi%2Fnws">ἀνθρωπίνως</w>, <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="peripetei%2Fais">περιπετείαις</w> <w lemma="eu%29labw%3Ds">εὐλαβῶς</w> <w lemma="i%28%2Fstasqai">ἵστασθαι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="nounexw%3Ds:">νουνεχῶς·</w>
5
<w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="ma%2Flista">μάλιστα</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Afi%2Flippon">Φίλιππον</w> <w lemma="tou%3Dto">τοῦτο</w> <w lemma="ge%2Fgone">γέγονε</w>. <w lemma="dh%3Dlon">δῆλον</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fstai">ἔσται</w> <w lemma="tou%3Dto">τοῦτο</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="r%28hqhsome%2Fnwn:">ῥηθησομένων·</w>
6
<w lemma="kaqa%2Fper">καθάπερ</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="e%29c">ἐξ</w> <w lemma="a%29rxh%3Ds">ἀρχῆς</w> <w lemma="o%28rma%5Cs">ὁρμὰς</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="de%2Fon">δέον</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%3D">αὐτοῦ</w> <w lemma="safw%3Ds">σαφῶς</w> <w lemma="e%29dhlw%2Fsamen">ἐδηλώσαμεν</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pa%2Flin">πάλιν</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="xei%3Dron">χεῖρον</w> <w lemma="metabolh%2Fn">μεταβολήν</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="po%2Fte">πότε</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="ti%2F">τί</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pw%3Ds">πῶς</w> <w lemma="e%29ge%2Fneto">ἐγένετο</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="tau%2Fth%7C">ταύτῃ</w> <w lemma="pra%2Fceis">πράξεις</w> <w lemma="met%27">μετ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29podei%2Fcews">ἀποδείξεως</w> <w lemma="e%29chghsa%2Fmeqa">ἐξηγησάμεθα</w>,
7
<w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="au%29to%5Cn">αὐτὸν</w> <w lemma="tro%2Fpon">τρόπον</w> <w lemma="xrh%5C">χρὴ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="meta%2Fnoian">μετάνοιαν</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%3D">αὐτοῦ</w> <w lemma="dhlw%3Dsai">δηλῶσαι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="eu%29stoxi%2Fan">εὐστοχίαν</w>, <w lemma="kaq%27">καθ᾽</w> <w lemma="h%28%5Cn">ἣν</w> <w lemma="metaqe%2Fmenos">μεταθέμενος</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="tu%2Fxhs">τύχης</w> <w lemma="e%29lattw%2Fmasin">ἐλαττώμασιν</w> <w lemma="eu%29logisto%2Ftata">εὐλογιστότατα</w> <w lemma="dokei%3D">δοκεῖ</w> <w lemma="kexrh%3Dsqai">κεχρῆσθαι</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="kaq%27">καθ᾽</w> <w lemma="au%28to%5Cn">αὑτὸν</w> <w lemma="kairoi%3Ds">καιροῖς</w>.
8
<w lemma="%2Ati%2Ftos">Τίτος</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="ma%2Fxhn">μάχην</w> <w lemma="poihsa%2Fmenos">ποιησάμενος</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="kaqh%2Fkousan">καθήκουσαν</w> <w lemma="pro%2Fnoian">πρόνοιαν</w> <w lemma="peri%2F">περί</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="ai%29xmalw%2Ftwn">αἰχμαλώτων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fllwn">ἄλλων</w> <w lemma="lafu%2Frwn">λαφύρων</w>, <w lemma="h%29%2F%7Cei">ᾔει</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="%2Ala%2Frisan">Λάρισαν</w>. —
Philip had done his best in the battle, but on being thus thoroughly defeated, after first picking up as many as he could of the survivors from the battle himself hastily retired through <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Tempe&groupId=1015&placeId=1786">Tempe</a> to <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Macedonia&groupId=723&placeId=428">Macedonia</a>.
He had sent one of his aides-de-camp on the previous night to <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Larisa&groupId=669&placeId=1225">Larisa</a>, with orders to destroy and burn the royal correspondence, acting like a true king in not forgetting his duty even in the hour of disaster:
for he well knew that if the documents fell into the hands of the Romans he would be giving them much material to use against himself and his friends.
Perhaps in the case of others also it has happened that in seasons of prosperity they have not been able to wear their authority with the moderation that befits a man, yet in the hour of danger have exercised due caution and kept their heads,
but this was particularly so with Philip, as will be evident from what I am about to say.
For just as I have clearly pointed out his early impulse to do what was right, and again the time, reasons, and circumstances of the change for the worse in him, narrating with documentary proofs his actions after this change,
so must I in the same manner point out his new change of mind and the ability with which, adapting himself to the reverses of fortune, he faced the situation in which he found himself until his death with exceptional prudence.
After the battle Flamininus took the requisite steps regarding the prisoners and other booty and then advanced towards <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Larisa&groupId=669&placeId=1225">Larisa</a> . . .