Polybius, Histories

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Book 15 - Chapter 14

1
<w lemma="eu%29ruxwri%2Fas">εὐρυχωρίας</w>, <w lemma="genome%2Fnou">γενομένου</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="metacu%5C">μεταξὺ</w> <w lemma="to%2Fpou">τόπου</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="kataleipome%2Fnwn">καταλειπομένων</w> <w lemma="stratope%2Fdwn">στρατοπέδων</w> <w lemma="plh%2Frous">πλήρους</w> <w lemma="ai%28%2Fmatos">αἵματος</w>, <w lemma="fo%2Fnou">φόνου</w>, <w lemma="nekrw%3Dn">νεκρῶν</w>, <w lemma="pollh%5Cn">πολλὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29pori%2Fan">ἀπορίαν</w> <w lemma="parei%3Dxe">παρεῖχε</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fwn">Ῥωμαίων</w> <w lemma="strathgw%3D%7C">στρατηγῷ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="troph%3Ds">τροπῆς</w> <w lemma="e%29mpo%2Fdion:">ἐμπόδιον·</w>
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<w lemma="o%28%2F">ὅ</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="nekrw%3Dn">νεκρῶν</w> <w lemma="o%29%2Flisqos">ὄλισθος</w>, <w lemma="w%28s">ὡς</w> <w lemma="a%29%5Cn">ἂν</w> <w lemma="ai%28mofu%2Frtwn">αἱμοφύρτων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="swrhdo%5Cn">σωρηδὸν</w> <w lemma="peptwko%2Ftwn">πεπτωκότων</w>, <w lemma="h%28%2F">ἥ</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="xu%2Fdhn">χύδην</w> <w lemma="e%29rrimme%2Fnwn">ἐρριμμένων</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Fplwn">ὅπλων</w> <w lemma="o%28mou%3D">ὁμοῦ</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="ptw%2Fmasin">πτώμασιν</w> <w lemma="a%29logi%2Fa">ἀλογία</w> <w lemma="dusxerh%3D">δυσχερῆ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="di%2Fodon">δίοδον</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fmelle">ἔμελλε</w> <w lemma="poih%2Fsein">ποιήσειν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="ta%2Fcei">τάξει</w> <w lemma="diaporeuome%2Fnois">διαπορευομένοις</w>.
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<w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="mh%5Cn">μὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29lla%5C">ἀλλὰ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="traumati%2Fas">τραυματίας</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="tou%29pi%2Fsw">τοὐπίσω</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="parata%2Fcews">παρατάξεως</w> <w lemma="komisa%2Fmenos">κομισάμενος</w>, <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29pidiw%2Fkontas">ἐπιδιώκοντας</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="a%28sta%2Ftwn">ἁστάτων</w> <w lemma="a%29nakalesa%2Fmenos">ἀνακαλεσάμενος</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="sa%2Flpiggos">σάλπιγγος</w>, <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%3D">αὐτοῦ</w> <w lemma="pro%5C">πρὸ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="ma%2Fxhs">μάχης</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="me%2Fsous">μέσους</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="polemi%2Fous">πολεμίους</w> <w lemma="e%29pe%2Fsthse">ἐπέστησε</w>,
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<w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="pri%2Fgkipas">πρίγκιπας</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="triari%2Fous">τριαρίους</w> <w lemma="puknw%2Fsas">πυκνώσας</w> <w lemma="e%29f%27">ἐφ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%28ka%2Fteron">ἑκάτερον</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="ke%2Fras">κέρας</w> <w lemma="proa%2Fgein">προάγειν</w> <w lemma="parh%2Fggeile">παρήγγειλε</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="nekrw%3Dn">νεκρῶν</w>.
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<w lemma="e%29peidh%5C">ἐπειδὴ</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="u%28perba%2Fntes">ὑπερβάντες</w> <w lemma="e%29c">ἐξ</w> <w lemma="i%29%2Fsou">ἴσου</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="a%28sta%2Ftois">ἁστάτοις</w> <w lemma="e%29ge%2Fnonto">ἐγένοντο</w>, <w lemma="sune%2Fbalon">συνέβαλον</w> <w lemma="ai%28">αἱ</w> <w lemma="fa%2Flagges">φάλαγγες</w> <w lemma="a%29llh%2Flais">ἀλλήλαις</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="megi%2Fsths">μεγίστης</w> <w lemma="o%28rmh%3Ds">ὁρμῆς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="proqumi%2Fas">προθυμίας</w>.
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<w lemma="o%29%2Fntwn">ὄντων</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="plh%2Fqei">πλήθει</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="fronh%2Fmasi">φρονήμασι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="a%29retai%3Ds">ἀρεταῖς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="kaqoplismoi%3Ds">καθοπλισμοῖς</w> <w lemma="paraplhsi%2Fwn">παραπλησίων</w> <w lemma="a%29mfote%2Frwn">ἀμφοτέρων</w>, <w lemma="a%29%2Fkriton">ἄκριτον</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="polu%5C">πολὺ</w> <w lemma="sune%2Fbaine">συνέβαινε</w> <w lemma="gene%2Fsqai">γενέσθαι</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="ma%2Fxhn">μάχην</w>, <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="au%29tai%3Ds">αὐταῖς</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="xw%2Frais">χώραις</w> <w lemma="e%29napoqnhsko%2Fntwn">ἐναποθνησκόντων</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="a%29ndrw%3Dn">ἀνδρῶν</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="filotimi%2Fan">φιλοτιμίαν</w>,
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<w lemma="e%28%2Fws">ἕως</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Amasanna%2Fsan">Μασαννάσαν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Alai%2Flion">Λαίλιον</w> <w lemma="a%29po%5C">ἀπὸ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="diw%2Fgmatos">διώγματος</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="i%28ppe%2Fwn">ἱππέων</w> <w lemma="a%29naka%2Fmptontes">ἀνακάμπτοντες</w> [<w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w>] <w lemma="daimoni%2Fws">δαιμονίως</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="de%2Fonta">δέοντα</w> <w lemma="kairo%5Cn">καιρὸν</w> <w lemma="sunh%3Dyan">συνῆψαν</w>.
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<w lemma="w%28%3Dn">ὧν</w> <w lemma="prospeso%2Fntwn">προσπεσόντων</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29anni%2Fban">Ἀννίβαν</w> <w lemma="kato%2Fpin">κατόπιν</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="plei%3Dstoi">πλεῖστοι</w> <w lemma="kateko%2Fphsan">κατεκόπησαν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="ta%2Fcei">τάξει</w>, <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="fugh%5Cn">φυγὴν</w> <w lemma="o%28rmhsa%2Fntwn">ὁρμησάντων</w> <w lemma="o%29li%2Fgoi">ὀλίγοι</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="tele%2Fws">τελέως</w> <w lemma="die%2Ffugon">διέφυγον</w>, <w lemma="a%28%2Fte">ἅτε</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="i%28ppe%2Fwn">ἱππέων</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="xersi%5Cn">χερσὶν</w> <w lemma="o%29%2Fntwn">ὄντων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="to%2Fpwn">τόπων</w> <w lemma="e%29pipe%2Fdwn">ἐπιπέδων</w> <w lemma="u%28parxo%2Fntwn">ὑπαρχόντων</w>.
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<w lemma="e%29%2Fpeson">ἔπεσον</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fwn">Ῥωμαίων</w> <w lemma="u%28pe%5Cr">ὑπὲρ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="xili%2Fous">χιλίους</w> <w lemma="pentakosi%2Fous">πεντακοσίους</w>, <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdoni%2Fwn">Καρχηδονίων</w> <w lemma="u%28pe%5Cr">ὑπὲρ</w> <w lemma="dismuri%2Fous">δισμυρίους</w>, <w lemma="ai%29xma%2Flwtoi">αἰχμάλωτοι</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%28a%2Flwsan">ἑάλωσαν</w> <w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="polu%5C">πολὺ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w> <w lemma="e%29la%2Fttous">ἐλάττους</w>.
The space which separated the two armies still on the field was now covered with blood, slaughter, and dead bodies, and the Roman general was placed in great difficulty by this obstacle to his completing the rout of the enemy.
For he saw that it would be very difficult to pass over the ground without breaking his ranks owing to the quantity of slippery corpses which were still soaked in blood and had fallen in heaps and the number of arms thrown away at haphazard.
However, after conveying the wounded to the rear and recalling by bugle those of the hastati who were still pursuing the enemy, he stationed the latter in the fore part of the field of battle, opposite the enemy's centre, and making the principes and triarii close up on both wings ordered them to advance over the dead.
When these troops had surmounted the obstacles and found themselves in a line with the hastati the two phalanxes closed with the greatest eagerness and ardour.
As they were nearly equal in numbers as well as in spirit and bravery, and were equally well armed, the contest was for long doubtful, the men falling where they stood out of determination,
and Massanissa and Laelius, returning from the pursuit of the cavalry, arrived providentially at the proper moment.
When they fell on Hannibal's army from the rear, most of the men were cut down in their ranks, while of those who took to flight only quite a few escaped, as the cavalry were close on them and the country was level.
More than fifteen hundred Romans fell, the Carthaginian loss amounting to twenty thousand killed and nearly the same number of prisoners.