Polybius, Histories

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Book 11 - Chapter 24

1
<w lemma="%2A%29ek">Ἐκ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w> <w lemma="sumplokh%3Ds">συμπλοκῆς</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="qhri%2Fa">θηρία</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="grosfoma%2Fxwn">γροσφομάχων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="i%28ppe%2Fwn">ἱππέων</w> <w lemma="a%29kontizo%2Fmena">ἀκοντιζόμενα</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="diataratto%2Fmena">διαταραττόμενα</w> <w lemma="pantaxo%2Fqen">πανταχόθεν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fpasxe">ἔπασχε</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="kakw%3Ds">κακῶς</w>, <w lemma="e%29%2Fblapte">ἔβλαπτε</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="ou%29de%5Cn">οὐδὲν</w> <w lemma="h%28%3Dtton">ἧττον</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="fi%2Flous">φίλους</w> <w lemma="h%29%5C">ἢ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="polemi%2Fous:">πολεμίους·</w> <w lemma="fero%2Fmena">φερόμενα</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="ei%29kh%3D%7C">εἰκῇ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="u%28popeso%2Fntas">ὑποπεσόντας</w> <w lemma="e%29c">ἐξ</w> <w lemma="a%29mfoi%3Dn">ἀμφοῖν</w> <w lemma="ai%29ei%5C">αἰεὶ</w> <w lemma="die%2Ffqeire">διέφθειρε</w>.
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<w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="pezikh%3Ds">πεζικῆς</w> <w lemma="duna%2Fmews">δυνάμεως</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ke%2Frata">κέρατα</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdoni%2Fwn">Καρχηδονίων</w> <w lemma="e%29qrau%2Feto">ἐθραύετο</w>, <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="me%2Fson">μέσον</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="%2Ali%2Fbuas">Λίβυας</w>, <w lemma="o%28%2Fper">ὅπερ</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w> <w lemma="xrhsimw%2Ftaton">χρησιμώτατον</w>, <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="te%2Flos">τέλος</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fprakton">ἄπρακτον</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dn:">ἦν·</w>
3
<w lemma="ou%29%2Fte">οὔτε</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="parabohqei%3Dn">παραβοηθεῖν</w> <w lemma="h%29du%2Fnanto">ἠδύναντο</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="kera%2Ftwn">κεράτων</w>, <w lemma="lipo%2Fntes">λιπόντες</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="i%29%2Fdion">ἴδιον</w> <w lemma="to%2Fpon">τόπον</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29ibh%2Frwn">Ἰβήρων</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Ffodon">ἔφοδον</w>, <w lemma="ou%29%2Fte">οὔτε</w> <w lemma="me%2Fnontes">μένοντες</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="u%28pokeime%2Fnwn">ὑποκειμένων</w> <w lemma="e%29nergei%3Dn">ἐνεργεῖν</w> <w lemma="ti">τι</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="deo%2Fntwn">δεόντων</w> <w lemma="oi%28%3Doi%2F">οἷοί</w> <w lemma="t%27">τ᾽</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dsan">ἦσαν</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="mh%5C">μὴ</w> <w lemma="sunie%2Fnai">συνιέναι</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="pro%2Fswpon">πρόσωπον</w> <w lemma="polemi%2Fous">πολεμίους</w> <w lemma="au%29toi%3Ds">αὐτοῖς</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="xei%3Dras">χεῖρας</w>.
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<w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="mh%5Cn">μὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29lla%5C">ἀλλὰ</w> <w lemma="xro%2Fnon">χρόνον</w> <w lemma="me%2Fn">μέν</w> <w lemma="tina">τινα</w> <w lemma="dihgwni%2Fzonto">διηγωνίζοντο</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="ke%2Frata">κέρατα</w> <w lemma="gennai%2Fws">γενναίως</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Flwn">ὅλων</w> <w lemma="e%28kate%2Frois">ἑκατέροις</w> <w lemma="sunesta%2Fnai">συνεστάναι</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="ki%2Fndunon">κίνδυνον</w>.
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<w lemma="h%29%2Fdh">ἤδη</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="kau%2Fmatos">καύματος</w> <w lemma="e%29festw%3Dtos">ἐφεστῶτος</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29kmh%2Fn">ἀκμήν</w>, <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdo%2Fnioi">Καρχηδόνιοι</w> <w lemma="parelu%2Fonto">παρελύοντο</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="mh%5C">μὴ</w> <w lemma="pepoih%3Dsqai">πεποιῆσθαι</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fcodon">ἔξοδον</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="i%29di%2Fan">ἰδίαν</w> <w lemma="proai%2Fresin">προαίρεσιν</w>, <w lemma="kekwlu%3Dsqai">κεκωλῦσθαι</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="a%28rmozou%2Fshs">ἁρμοζούσης</w> <w lemma="paraskeuh%3Ds">παρασκευῆς</w>,
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<w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%3Doi">Ῥωμαῖοι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="duna%2Fmei">δυνάμει</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="eu%29yuxi%2Fais">εὐψυχίαις</w> <w lemma="kaquperei%3Dxon">καθυπερεῖχον</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="ma%2Flista">μάλιστα</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="xrhsimwta%2Ftois">χρησιμωτάτοις</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="a%29xreiota%2Ftous">ἀχρειοτάτους</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="polemi%2Fwn">πολεμίων</w> <w lemma="sumbeblhke%2Fnai">συμβεβληκέναι</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="strathgou%3D">στρατηγοῦ</w> <w lemma="pro%2Fnoian">πρόνοιαν</w>.
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<w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ou%29%3Dn">οὖν</w> <w lemma="a%29rxa%5Cs">ἀρχὰς</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29asdrou%2Fban">Ἀσδρούβαν</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="po%2Fda">πόδα</w> <w lemma="piezou%2Fmenoi">πιεζούμενοι</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29naxw%2Frhsin">ἀναχώρησιν</w> <w lemma="e%29poiou%3Dnto">ἐποιοῦντο</w>, <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="kli%2Fnantes">κλίναντες</w> <w lemma="a%28qro%2Foi">ἁθρόοι</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="parw%2Freian">παρώρειαν</w> <w lemma="a%29pexw%2Froun:">ἀπεχώρουν·</w> <w lemma="e%29gkeime%2Fnwn">ἐγκειμένων</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fwn">Ῥωμαίων</w> <w lemma="biaio%2Fteron">βιαιότερον</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Ffeugon">ἔφευγον</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="xa%2Fraka">χάρακα</w> <w lemma="protropa%2Fdhn">προτροπάδην</w>.
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<w lemma="ei%29">εἰ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ou%29%3Dn">οὖν</w> <w lemma="mh%5C">μὴ</w> <w lemma="qeo%5Cs">θεὸς</w> <w lemma="au%29toi%3Ds">αὐτοῖς</w> <w lemma="tis">τις</w> <w lemma="sunepela%2Fbeto">συνεπελάβετο</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="swthri%2Fas">σωτηρίας</w>, <w lemma="paraxrh%3Dm%27">παραχρῆμ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29%5Cn">ἂν</w> <w lemma="e%29ce%2Fpeson">ἐξέπεσον</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="parembolh%3Ds">παρεμβολῆς</w>.
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<w lemma="e%29pigenome%2Fnhs">ἐπιγενομένης</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="a%29e%2Fra">ἀέρα</w> <w lemma="sustrofh%3Ds">συστροφῆς</w> <w lemma="e%29caisi%2Fou">ἐξαισίου</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="katarrage%2Fntos">καταρραγέντος</w> <w lemma="o%29%2Fmbrou">ὄμβρου</w> <w lemma="la%2Fbrou">λάβρου</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="sunexou%3Ds">συνεχοῦς</w>, <w lemma="mo%2Flis">μόλις</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="au%28tw%3Dn">αὑτῶν</w> <w lemma="stratopedei%2Fan">στρατοπεδείαν</w> <w lemma="a%29nekomi%2Fsqhsan">ἀνεκομίσθησαν</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%3Doi">Ῥωμαῖοι</w>. — <w lemma="%2A%29ilou%2Frgeia">Ἰλούργεια</w>, <w lemma="po%2Flis">πόλις</w> <w lemma="%2A%29ibhri%2Fas">Ἰβηρίας</w>, <w lemma="%2Apolu%2Fbios">Πολύβιος</w> <w lemma="e%28ndeka%2Fth%7C">ἑνδεκάτῃ</w>.
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<w lemma=""></w>
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<w lemma=""></w> <w lemma="%2Ato%5C">Τὸ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tethko%5Cs">τετηκὸς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="sunerruhko%5Cs">συνερρυηκὸς</w> <w lemma="a%29rgu%2Frion">ἀργύριον</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="xrusi%2Fon">χρυσίον</w> <w lemma="a%29nazhtou%3Dntes">ἀναζητοῦντες</w> <w lemma="u%28po%5C">ὑπὸ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="puro%5Cs">πυρὸς</w> <w lemma="plei%3Dstoi">πλεῖστοι</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fwn">Ῥωμαίων</w> <w lemma="diefqa%2Frhsan">διεφθάρησαν</w>. —
In consequence of this attack the elephants, assailed by the missiles of the cavalry and velites and harassed on every side, were suffering much, and doing as much damage to their own side as to the enemy.
For in their wild rush they destroyed all, friend or foe, who came in their way. As for the infantry the wings of the Carthaginians were broken, and the centre, where stood the Libyans, the flower of the army, was of no service,
as they could neither leave their original position to help those on the wings, for fear of attack by the Spaniards, nor, remaining where they were, could they operate effectively, as the enemy in front of them would not come to blows.
The wings, however, kept up a gallant struggle for some time, as each side was aware that all depended on the result of this battle.
But when the heat of the day was at its height, the Carthaginians grew faint, as they had not left their camp on their own initiative and had been prevented from preparing themselves properly,
while the Romans began to exhibit superior strength and spirit, chiefly because, owing to the foresight of their commander, their choicest troops encountered here the least efficient of the enemy.
At first Hasdrubal's men, yielding to the pressure, retired step by step, but later they gave way in a body and retreated to the foot of the hill, and when the Romans pushed their attack home with more violence they fled in rout to their camp.
Had not some deity interposed to save them they would have been at once driven out of their entrenchments,
but now arose an unprecedented disturbance in the heavens, and such heavy and continuous torrents of rain fell, that the Romans with difficulty made their way back to their own camp. . . .
Many of the Romans perished by fire in their search for the molten masses of silver and gold. . . .