Polybius, Histories

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Book 1 - Chapter 83

1
<w lemma="tou%2Ftois">τούτοις</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w>. <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdo%2Fnioi">Καρχηδόνιοι</w> <w lemma="perikleio%2Fmenoi">περικλειόμενοι</w> <w lemma="pantaxo%2Fqen">πανταχόθεν</w> <w lemma="h%29nagka%2Fzonto">ἠναγκάζοντο</w> <w lemma="katafeu%2Fgein">καταφεύγειν</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="summaxi%2Fdwn">συμμαχίδων</w> <w lemma="po%2Flewn">πόλεων</w>
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<w lemma="e%29lpi%2Fdas">ἐλπίδας</w>. <w lemma="%2A%28ie%2Frwn">Ἱέρων</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29ei%5C">ἀεὶ</w> <w lemma="me%2Fn">μέν</w> <w lemma="pote">ποτε</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="e%29nestw%3Dta">ἐνεστῶτα</w> <w lemma="po%2Flemon">πόλεμον</w> <w lemma="mega%2Flhn">μεγάλην</w> <w lemma="e%29poiei%3Dto">ἐποιεῖτο</w> <w lemma="spoudh%5Cn">σπουδὴν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="pa%3Dn">πᾶν</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="parakalou%2Fmenon">παρακαλούμενον</w> <w lemma="u%28p%27">ὑπ᾽</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3Dn">αὐτῶν</w>,
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<w lemma="to%2Fte">τότε</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="ma%3Dllon">μᾶλλον</w> <w lemma="e%29filotimei%3Dto">ἐφιλοτιμεῖτο</w>, <w lemma="pepeisme%2Fnos">πεπεισμένος</w> <w lemma="sumfe%2Frein">συμφέρειν</w> <w lemma="e%28autw%3D%7C">ἑαυτῷ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="%2Asikeli%2Fa%7C">Σικελίᾳ</w> <w lemma="dunastei%2Fan">δυναστείαν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fwn">Ῥωμαίων</w> <w lemma="fili%2Fan">φιλίαν</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="sw%2F%7Czesqai">σῴζεσθαι</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdoni%2Fous">Καρχηδονίους</w>, <w lemma="i%28%2Fna">ἵνα</w> <w lemma="mh%5C">μὴ</w> <w lemma="panta%2Fpasin">παντάπασιν</w> <w lemma="e%29ch%3D%7C">ἐξῇ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="proteqe%5Cn">προτεθὲν</w> <w lemma="a%29koniti%5C">ἀκονιτὶ</w> <w lemma="suntelei%3Dsqai">συντελεῖσθαι</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="i%29sxu%2Fousi">ἰσχύουσι</w>, <w lemma="pa%2Fnu">πάνυ</w> <w lemma="froni%2Fmws">φρονίμως</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="nounexw%3Ds">νουνεχῶς</w> <w lemma="logizo%2Fmenos">λογιζόμενος</w>.
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<w lemma="ou%29de%2Fpote">οὐδέποτε</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="xrh%5C">χρὴ</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="toiau%3Dta">τοιαῦτα</w> <w lemma="parora%3Dn">παρορᾶν</w> <w lemma="ou%29de%5C">οὐδὲ</w> <w lemma="thlikau%2Fthn">τηλικαύτην</w> <w lemma="ou%29deni%5C">οὐδενὶ</w> <w lemma="sugkataskeua%2Fzein">συγκατασκευάζειν</w> <w lemma="dunastei%2Fan">δυναστείαν</w>, <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="h%28%5Cn">ἣν</w> <w lemma="ou%29de%5C">οὐδὲ</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="o%28mologoume%2Fnwn">ὁμολογουμένων</w> <w lemma="e%29ce%2Fstai">ἐξέσται</w> <w lemma="dikai%2Fwn">δικαίων</w> <w lemma="a%29mfisbhtei%3Dn">ἀμφισβητεῖν</w>.
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<w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="mh%5Cn">μὴν</w> <w lemma="a%29lla%5C">ἀλλὰ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%3Doi">Ῥωμαῖοι</w> <w lemma="throu%3Dntes">τηροῦντες</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="sunqh%2Fkas">συνθήκας</w> <w lemma="di%2Fkaia">δίκαια</w> <w lemma="proqumi%2Fas">προθυμίας</w> <w lemma="ou%29de%5Cn">οὐδὲν</w> <w lemma="a%29pe%2Fleipon">ἀπέλειπον</w>.
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<w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="a%29rxai%3Ds">ἀρχαῖς</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="e%29ge%2Fneto%2F">ἐγένετό</w> <w lemma="tis">τις</w> <w lemma="a%29mfisbh%2Fthsis">ἀμφισβήτησις</w> <w lemma="e%29c">ἐξ</w> <w lemma="a%29mfoi%3Dn">ἀμφοῖν</w> <w lemma="dia%2F">διά</w> <w lemma="tinas">τινας</w> <w lemma="toiau%2Ftas">τοιαύτας</w> <w lemma="ai%29ti%2Fas">αἰτίας</w>.
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<w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdoni%2Fwn">Καρχηδονίων</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="ple%2Fontas">πλέοντας</w> <w lemma="e%29c">ἐξ</w> <w lemma="%2A%29itali%2Fas">Ἰταλίας</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="%2Alibu%2Fhn">Λιβύην</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="xorhgou%3Dntas">χορηγοῦντας</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="polemi%2Fois">πολεμίοις</w> <w lemma="katago%2Fntwn">καταγόντων</w> <w lemma="w%28s">ὡς</w> <w lemma="au%28tou%2Fs">αὑτούς</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="sxedo%5Cn">σχεδὸν</w> <w lemma="a%28qroisqe%2Fntwn">ἁθροισθέντων</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="fulakh%5Cn">φυλακὴν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="pentakosi%2Fous">πεντακοσίους</w>, <w lemma="h%29gana%2Fkthsan">ἠγανάκτησαν</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%3Doi">Ῥωμαῖοι</w>.
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<w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="diapresbeusa%2Fmenoi">διαπρεσβευσάμενοι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="komisa%2Fmenoi">κομισάμενοι</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="lo%2Fgou">λόγου</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fntas">πάντας</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="tosou%3Dton">τοσοῦτον</w> <w lemma="eu%29do%2Fkhsan">εὐδόκησαν</w> <w lemma="w%28%2Fste">ὥστε</w> <w lemma="paraxrh%3Dma">παραχρῆμα</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdoni%2Fois">Καρχηδονίοις</w> <w lemma="a%29ntidwrh%2Fsasqai">ἀντιδωρήσασθαι</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="u%28poleipome%2Fnous">ὑπολειπομένους</w> <w lemma="par%27">παρ᾽</w> <w lemma="au%29toi%3Ds">αὐτοῖς</w> <w lemma="ai%29xmalw%2Ftous">αἰχμαλώτους</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Asikeli%2Fan">Σικελίαν</w> <w lemma="pole%2Fmou">πολέμου</w>.
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<w lemma="a%29po%5C">ἀπὸ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftou">τούτου</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="kairou%3D">καιροῦ</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="e%28%2Fkasta">ἕκαστα</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="parakaloume%2Fnwn">παρακαλουμένων</w> <w lemma="e%28toi%2Fmws">ἑτοίμως</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="filanqrw%2Fpws">φιλανθρώπως</w> <w lemma="u%28ph%2Fkouon">ὑπήκουον</w>.
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<w lemma="dio%5C">διὸ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdoni%2Fous">Καρχηδονίους</w> <w lemma="e%29pe%2Ftreyan">ἐπέτρεψαν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29mpo%2Frois">ἐμπόροις</w> <w lemma="e%29cagagei%3Dn">ἐξαγαγεῖν</w> <w lemma="ai%29ei%5C">αἰεὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="katepei%3Dgon">κατεπεῖγον</w>, <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="polemi%2Fous">πολεμίους</w> <w lemma="e%29kw%2Flusan">ἐκώλυσαν</w>.
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<w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="%2Asardo%2Fni">Σαρδόνι</w> <w lemma="misqofo%2Frwn">μισθοφόρων</w>, <w lemma="kaq%27">καθ᾽</w> <w lemma="o%28%5Cn">ὃν</w> <w lemma="kairo%5Cn">καιρὸν</w> <w lemma="a%29po%5C">ἀπὸ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdoni%2Fwn">Καρχηδονίων</w> <w lemma="a%29pe%2Fsthsan">ἀπέστησαν</w>, <w lemma="e%29pispwme%2Fnwn">ἐπισπωμένων</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%5Cs">αὐτοὺς</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="nh%3Dson">νῆσον</w> <w lemma="ou%29x">οὐχ</w> <w lemma="u%28ph%2Fkousan:">ὑπήκουσαν·</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="%2A%29itukai%2Fwn">Ἰτυκαίων</w> <w lemma="e%29gxeirizo%2Fntwn">ἐγχειριζόντων</w> <w lemma="sfa%3Ds">σφᾶς</w>, <w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="prosede%2Fcanto">προσεδέξαντο</w>, <w lemma="throu%3Dntes">τηροῦντες</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="sunqh%2Fkas">συνθήκας</w> <w lemma="di%2Fkaia">δίκαια</w>.
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<w lemma=""></w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdo%2Fnioi">Καρχηδόνιοι</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ou%29%3Dn">οὖν</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="para%5C">παρὰ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="proeirhme%2Fnwn">προειρημένων</w> <w lemma="fi%2Flwn">φίλων</w> <w lemma="tugxa%2Fnontes">τυγχάνοντες</w> <w lemma="e%29pikouri%2Fas">ἐπικουρίας</w> <w lemma="u%28pe%2Fmenon">ὑπέμενον</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w>
The Carthaginians, being shut in on all sides, were obliged to resort to an appeal to the states in alliance with them.
Hiero during the whole of the present war had been most prompt in meeting their requests,
and was now more complaisant than ever, being convinced that it was in his own interest for securing both his Sicilian dominions and his friendship with the Romans, that <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Carthage&groupId=441&placeId=820">Carthage</a> should be preserved, and that the stronger power should not be able to attain its ultimate object entirely without effort. In this he reasoned very wisely and sensibly,
for such matters should never be neglected, and we should never contribute to the attainment by one state of a power so preponderant, that none dare dispute with it even for their acknowledged rights.
But now the Romans as well as Hiero observed loyally the engagements the treaty imposed on them.
At first there had been a slight dispute between the two states for the following reason.
The Carthaginians when they captured at sea traders coming from <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Italy&groupId=656&placeId=1199">Italy</a> to <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Libya&groupId=686&placeId=427">Libya</a> with supplies for the enemy, brought them into <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Carthage&groupId=441&placeId=820">Carthage</a>, and there were now in their prisons as many as five hundred such.
The Romans were annoyed at this, but when on sending an embassy, they recovered all the prisoners by diplomatic means, they were so much gratified, that in return they gave back to the Carthaginians all the remaining prisoners from the Sicilian war
and henceforth gave prompt and friendly attention to all their requests.
They gave permission to their merchants to export all requirements for <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Carthage&groupId=441&placeId=820">Carthage</a>, but not for the enemy,
and shortly afterwards, when the mercenaries in <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Sardinia&groupId=947&placeId=1685">Sardinia</a> on revolting from <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Carthage&groupId=441&placeId=820">Carthage</a> invited them to occupy the island, they refused. Again on the citizens of Utica offering to surrender to them they did not accept, but held to their treaty engagements.
The Carthaginians, then, on thus obtaining assistance from their friends continued to withstand the siege.