Polybius, Histories

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Book 1 - Chapter 74

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<w lemma="rei%3Ds">ρεῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29ne%2Fballon">ἐνέβαλλον</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fndon">ἔνδον</w>. <w lemma="%2A%29%2Fannwn">Ἄννων</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="paraskeua%5Cs">παρασκευὰς</w> <w lemma="e%29ndexome%2Fnws">ἐνδεχομένως</w> <w lemma="e%29gi%2Fneto:">ἐγίνετο·</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="tou%3Dto">τοῦτο</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="me%2Fros">μέρος</w> <w lemma="eu%29fuh%2Fs:">εὐφυής·</w>
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<w lemma="e%29cormh%2Fsas">ἐξορμήσας</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="duna%2Fmews">δυνάμεως</w> <w lemma="e%28%2Fteros">ἕτερος</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dn:">ἦν·</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="kairoi%3Ds">καιροῖς</w> <w lemma="a%29sto%2Fxws">ἀστόχως</w> <w lemma="e%29xrh%3Dto">ἐχρῆτο</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Flois">ὅλοις</w> <w lemma="pra%2Fgmasin">πράγμασιν</w> <w lemma="a%29pei%2Frws">ἀπείρως</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="nwqrw%3Ds">νωθρῶς</w>.
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<w lemma="dio%5C">διὸ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="prw%3Dton">πρῶτον</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29itu%2Fkhn">Ἰτύκην</w> <w lemma="parabohqh%2Fsas">παραβοηθήσας</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="poliorkoume%2Fnois">πολιορκουμένοις</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="kataplhca%2Fmenos">καταπληξάμενος</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="u%28penanti%2Fous">ὑπεναντίους</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="plh%2Fqei">πλήθει</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="qhri%2Fwn:">θηρίων·</w> <w lemma="ei%29%3Dxen">εἶχεν</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="ou%29k">οὐκ</w> <w lemma="e%29la%2Fttous">ἐλάττους</w> <w lemma="e%28kato%5Cn">ἑκατὸν</w> <w lemma="e%29lefa%2Fntwn:">ἐλεφάντων·</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="labw%5Cn">λαβὼν</w> <w lemma="proterh%2Fmatos">προτερήματος</w> <w lemma="a%29rxh%5Cn">ἀρχὴν</w> <w lemma="o%28losxerou%3Ds">ὁλοσχεροῦς</w> <w lemma="ou%28%2Ftws">οὕτως</w> <w lemma="e%29xrh%2Fsato">ἐχρήσατο</w> <w lemma="kakw%3Ds">κακῶς</w> <w lemma="w%28%2Fste">ὥστε</w> <w lemma="kinduneu%3Dsai">κινδυνεῦσαι</w> <w lemma="prosapole%2Fsai">προσαπολέσαι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="poliorkoume%2Fnous">πολιορκουμένους</w>.
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<w lemma="komi%2Fsas">κομίσας</w> <w lemma="ga%5Cr">γὰρ</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="po%2Flews">πόλεως</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="katape%2Fltas">καταπέλτας</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="be%2Flh">βέλη</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="sullh%2Fbdhn">συλλήβδην</w> <w lemma="a%28pa%2Fsas">ἁπάσας</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="poliorki%2Fan">πολιορκίαν</w> <w lemma="paraskeua%5Cs">παρασκευὰς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="stratopedeu%2Fsas">στρατοπεδεύσας</w> <w lemma="pro%5C">πρὸ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="po%2Flews">πόλεως</w> <w lemma="e%29nexei%2Frhse">ἐνεχείρησε</w> <w lemma="prosba%2Fllein">προσβάλλειν</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="u%28penanti%2Fwn">ὑπεναντίων</w> <w lemma="xa%2Fraka">χάρακα</w>.
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<w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="qhri%2Fwn">θηρίων</w> <w lemma="biasame%2Fnwn">βιασαμένων</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="parembolh%2Fn">παρεμβολήν</w>, <w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="duna%2Fmenoi">δυνάμενοι</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="ba%2Fros">βάρος</w> <w lemma="ou%29de%5C">οὐδὲ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Ffodon">ἔφοδον</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="pole%2Fmioi">πολέμιοι</w> <w lemma="mei%3Dnai">μεῖναι</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fntes">πάντες</w> <w lemma="e%29ce%2Fpeson">ἐξέπεσον</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="stratopedei%2Fas">στρατοπεδείας</w>.
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<w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="polloi%5C">πολλοὶ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3Dn">αὐτῶν</w> <w lemma="a%29pe%2Fqanon">ἀπέθανον</w> <w lemma="trwqe%2Fntes">τρωθέντες</w> <w lemma="u%28po%5C">ὑπὸ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="qhri%2Fwn">θηρίων</w>, <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="diasw%7Czo%2Fmenon">διασῳζόμενον</w> <w lemma="me%2Fros">μέρος</w> <w lemma="pro%2Fs">πρός</w> <w lemma="tina">τινα</w> <w lemma="lo%2Ffon">λόφον</w> <w lemma="e%29rumno%5Cn">ἐρυμνὸν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="su%2Fmfuton">σύμφυτον</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fmenen">ἔμενεν</w>, <w lemma="pisteu%3Don">πιστεῦον</w> <w lemma="tai%3Ds">ταῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29c">ἐξ</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3Dn">αὐτῶν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="to%2Fpwn">τόπων</w> <w lemma="a%29sfalei%2Fais">ἀσφαλείαις</w>.
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<w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="%2A%29%2Fannwn">Ἄννων</w> <w lemma="ei%29qisme%2Fnos">εἰθισμένος</w> <w lemma="%2Anoma%2Fsi">Νομάσι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Ali%2Fbusi">Λίβυσι</w> <w lemma="polemei%3Dn">πολεμεῖν</w>, <w lemma="oi%28%2Ftines">οἵτινες</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Ftan">ὅταν</w> <w lemma="a%28%2Fpac">ἅπαξ</w> <w lemma="e%29gkli%2Fnwsi">ἐγκλίνωσι</w> <w lemma="poiou%3Dntai">ποιοῦνται</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="fugh%5Cn">φυγὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="du%2F%27">δύ᾽</w> <w lemma="h%28me%2Fras">ἡμέρας</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="trei%3Ds">τρεῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29ktopi%2Fzontes">ἐκτοπίζοντες</w> <w lemma="au%28tou%2Fs">αὑτούς</w>, <w lemma="u%28polabw%5Cn">ὑπολαβὼν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="to%2Fte">τότε</w> <w lemma="pe%2Fras">πέρας</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fxein">ἔχειν</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="pole%2Fmou">πολέμου</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="nenikhke%2Fnai">νενικηκέναι</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Flois">ὅλοις</w>,
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<w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="stratiwtw%3Dn">στρατιωτῶν</w> <w lemma="w%29ligw%2Frhse">ὠλιγώρησε</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="kaqo%2Flou">καθόλου</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="parembolh%3Ds">παρεμβολῆς</w>, <w lemma="au%29to%5Cs">αὐτὸς</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="ei%29selqw%5Cn">εἰσελθὼν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="po%2Flin">πόλιν</w> <w lemma="e%29gi%2Fneto">ἐγίνετο</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="sw%2Fmatos">σώματος</w> <w lemma="qerapei%2Fan">θεραπείαν</w>.
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<w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="sumpefeugo%2Ftes">συμπεφευγότες</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="misqofo%2Frwn">μισθοφόρων</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="lo%2Ffon">λόφον</w>, <w lemma="su%2Fntrofoi">σύντροφοι</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="gegono%2Ftes">γεγονότες</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="%2Aba%2Frka">Βάρκα</w> <w lemma="to%2Flmhs">τόλμης</w>, <w lemma="sunh%2Fqeis">συνήθεις</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="%2Asikeli%2Fan">Σικελίαν</w> <w lemma="a%29gw%2Fnwn">ἀγώνων</w> <w lemma="polla%2Fkis">πολλάκις</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="au%29th%3Ds">αὐτῆς</w> <w lemma="h%28me%2Fras">ἡμέρας</w> <w lemma="pote%5C">ποτὲ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="u%28poxwrei%3Dn">ὑποχωρεῖν</w>, <w lemma="pote%5C">ποτὲ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="pa%2Flin">πάλιν</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="metabolh%3Ds">μεταβολῆς</w> <w lemma="e%29gxeirei%3Dn">ἐγχειρεῖν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="polemi%2Fois">πολεμίοις</w>,
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<w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="to%2Fte">τότε</w> <w lemma="sunido%2Fntes">συνιδόντες</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="strathgo%5Cn">στρατηγὸν</w> <w lemma="a%29phllagme%2Fnon">ἀπηλλαγμένον</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="po%2Flin">πόλιν</w>, <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="pollou%5Cs">πολλοὺς</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="prote%2Frhma">προτέρημα</w> <w lemma="r%28a%7Cqumou%3Dntas">ῥᾳθυμοῦντας</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="diarre%2Fontas">διαρρέοντας</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="stratopedei%2Fas">στρατοπεδείας</w>,
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<w lemma="sustrafe%2Fntes">συστραφέντες</w> <w lemma="e%29piti%2Fqentai">ἐπιτίθενται</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="xa%2Fraki">χάρακι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pollou%5Cs">πολλοὺς</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3Dn">αὐτῶν</w> <w lemma="a%29pe%2Fkteinan">ἀπέκτειναν</w>, <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="loipou%5Cs">λοιποὺς</w> <w lemma="h%29na%2Fgkasan">ἠνάγκασαν</w> <w lemma="fugei%3Dn">φυγεῖν</w> <w lemma="ai%29sxrw%3Ds">αἰσχρῶς</w> <w lemma="u%28po%5C">ὑπὸ</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="tei%2Fxh">τείχη</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="pu%2Flas:">πύλας·</w>
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<w lemma="e%29kuri%2Feusan">ἐκυρίευσαν</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="a%29poskeuh%3Ds">ἀποσκευῆς</w> <w lemma="a%28pa%2Fshs">ἁπάσης</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="poliorkoume%2Fnwn">πολιορκουμένων</w> <w lemma="paraskeuh%3Ds">παρασκευῆς</w>, <w lemma="h%28%5Cn">ἣν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29%2Fannwn">Ἄννων</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fllois">ἄλλοις</w> <w lemma="e%29kkomi%2Fsas">ἐκκομίσας</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="po%2Flews">πόλεως</w> <w lemma="e%29poi%2Fhse">ἐποίησε</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29xqroi%3Ds">ἐχθροῖς</w> <w lemma="u%28poxei%2Frion">ὑποχείριον</w>.
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<w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="mo%2Fnon">μόνον</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%3Dton">τοῦτον</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="kairo%5Cn">καιρὸν</w> <w lemma="ou%28%2Ftws">οὕτως</w> <w lemma="a%29nestra%2Ffh">ἀνεστράφη</w> <w lemma="nwqrw%3Ds">νωθρῶς</w>, <w lemma="a%29lla%5C">ἀλλὰ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="met%27">μετ᾽</w> <w lemma="o%29li%2Fgas">ὀλίγας</w> <w lemma="h%28me%2Fras">ἡμέρας</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="kaloume%2Fnhn">καλουμένην</w> <w lemma="%2Ago%2Frzan">Γόρζαν</w> <w lemma="a%29ntistratopedeusa%2Fntwn">ἀντιστρατοπεδευσάντων</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3D%7C">αὐτῷ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="polemi%2Fwn">πολεμίων</w>, <w lemma="labw%5Cn">λαβὼν</w> <w lemma="kairou%5Cs">καιροὺς</w> <w lemma="di%5Cs">δὶς</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="parata%2Fcews">παρατάξεως</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="nika%3Dn">νικᾶν</w> <w lemma="di%5Cs">δὶς</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29c">ἐξ</w> <w lemma="e%29piqe%2Fsews">ἐπιθέσεως</w>,
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<w lemma="a%28%2Fte">ἅτε</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="stratopedeuo%2Fntwn">στρατοπεδευόντων</w> <w lemma="su%2Fneggus">σύνεγγυς</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3D%7C">αὐτῷ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="u%28penanti%2Fwn">ὑπεναντίων</w>, <w lemma="a%29mfote%2Frous">ἀμφοτέρους</w> <w lemma="dokei%3D">δοκεῖ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftous">τούτους</w> <w lemma="ei%29kh%3D%7C">εἰκῇ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="paralo%2Fgws">παραλόγως</w> <w lemma="proe%2Fsqai">προέσθαι</w>.
Hanno was doing fairly well in the matter of outfit, his talent lying in that direction, but when it came to taking the field with his forces, he was another man.
He had no idea how to avail himself of opportunities and generally showed an entire lack of experience and energy.
It was then that, as regards Utica, he began by coming to the help of the besieged and terrifying the enemy by his strong force of elephants, of which he had no less than a hundred; but when, in consequence of this, he had a chance of gaining a decisive success, he made such poor use of his advantage that he very nearly brought a catastrophe on the besieged, as well as on himself.
For bringing from <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Carthage&groupId=441&placeId=820">Carthage</a> catapults, missiles and all requirements for a siege and encamping before the city he undertook the assault of the enemy\'s entrenched camp.
When the elephants forced their way into the camp, the enemy unable to face the weight of their attack all evacuated it. Many of them were mangled and killed by the elephants,
but those who escaped rallied on a steep hill overgrown with brushwood, relying on the natural security of the position.
Hanno had been accustomed to fight with Numidians and Libyans, who once they give way continue their flight for two or three days, trying to get as far away as possible.
Thinking then, on the present occasion too, that the war was over and he had secured a complete victory he took no precaution for the safety of his army and camp, but entered the city and occupied himself with the care of his person.
The mercenaries, who had rallied on the hill, were men schooled in the daring tactics of Barcas and accustomed from their fighting in <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Sicily&groupId=973&placeId=1724">Sicily</a> to make in one day repeated retirements followed by fresh attacks.
At present, on seeing that the general was absent in the city, while the troops were at their ease owing to their success and streaming out of their camp,
they drew themselves up and attacked the camp, putting many to the sword and compelling the rest to take refuge ignominiously under the walls and at the gates.
They captured all the baggage and all the arillery of the besieged, which Hanno had brought out of the town and added to his own, thus putting it in the enemy's hands.
This was not the only occasion on which he acted so negligently, but a few days later at a place called <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Gorza&groupId=611&placeId=1126">Gorza</a>, when the enemy were encamped opposite him and owing to their proximity he had four opportunities of beating them, twice in a pitched battle and twice by a surprise attack,
he is said in each case to have thrown them away by his heedlessness and lack of judgement.