Polybius, Histories

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Book 1 - Chapter 69

1
<w lemma="a%29mfisbhtoume%2Fnwn">ἀμφισβητουμένων</w>. <w lemma="o%28%5Cs">ὃς</w> <w lemma="parageno%2Fmenos">παραγενόμενος</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="qa%2Flattan">θάλατταν</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="xrhma%2Ftwn">χρημάτων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="prospleu%2Fsas">προσπλεύσας</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Atu%2Fnhta">Τύνητα</w>, <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="prw%3Dton">πρῶτον</w> <w lemma="lamba%2Fnwn">λαμβάνων</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="h%28gemo%2Fnas">ἡγεμόνας</w>, <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w> <w lemma="sunaqroi%2Fzwn">συναθροίζων</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="ge%2Fnh">γένη</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="pollou%2Fs">πολλούς</w>,
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<w lemma="a%28%5C">ἃ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="e%29peti%2Fma">ἐπετίμα</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="gegono%2Ftwn">γεγονότων</w>, <w lemma="a%28%5C">ἃ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="dida%2Fskein">διδάσκειν</w> <w lemma="e%29peira%3Dto">ἐπειρᾶτο</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="paro%2Fntwn:">παρόντων·</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="plei%3Don">πλεῖον</w> <w lemma="pareka%2Flei">παρεκάλει</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="me%2Fllon">μέλλον</w>, <w lemma="a%29ciw%3Dn">ἀξιῶν</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%5Cs">αὐτοὺς</w> <w lemma="eu%29%2Fnous">εὔνους</w> <w lemma="u%28pa%2Frxein">ὑπάρχειν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29c">ἐξ</w> <w lemma="a%29rxh%3Ds">ἀρχῆς</w> <w lemma="misqodo%2Ftais">μισθοδόταις</w>.
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<w lemma="te%2Flos">τέλος</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="w%28%2Frmhse">ὥρμησε</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="dialu%2Fein">διαλύειν</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="prosofeilo%2Fmena">προσοφειλόμενα</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="o%29ywni%2Fwn">ὀψωνίων</w>, <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="ge%2Fnh">γένη</w> <w lemma="poiou%2Fmenos">ποιούμενος</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="misqodosi%2Fan">μισθοδοσίαν</w>.
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<w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w> <w lemma="de%2F">δέ</w> <w lemma="tis">τις</w> <w lemma="%2Akampano%5Cs">Καμπανὸς</w> <w lemma="hu%29tomolhkw%5Cs">ηὐτομοληκὼς</w> <w lemma="para%5C">παρὰ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fwn">Ῥωμαίων</w> <w lemma="dou%3Dlos">δοῦλος</w>, <w lemma="e%29%2Fxwn">ἔχων</w> <w lemma="swmatikh%5Cn">σωματικὴν</w> <w lemma="du%2Fnamin">δύναμιν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="to%2Flman">τόλμαν</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="polemikoi%3Ds">πολεμικοῖς</w> <w lemma="para%2Fbolon">παράβολον</w>, <w lemma="o%29%2Fnoma">ὄνομα</w> <w lemma="%2Aspe%2Fndios">Σπένδιος</w>.
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<w lemma="ou%28%3Dtos">οὗτος</w> <w lemma="eu%29labou%2Fmenos">εὐλαβούμενος</w> <w lemma="mh%5C">μὴ</w> <w lemma="parageno%2Fmenos">παραγενόμενος</w> <w lemma="au%29to%5Cn">αὐτὸν</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="despo%2Fths">δεσπότης</w> <w lemma="komi%2Fshtai">κομίσηται</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fwn">Ῥωμαίων</w> <w lemma="no%2Fmous">νόμους</w> <w lemma="ai%29kisqei%5Cs">αἰκισθεὶς</w> <w lemma="diafqarh%3D%7C">διαφθαρῇ</w>, <w lemma="pa%3Dn">πᾶν</w> <w lemma="e%29to%2Flma">ἐτόλμα</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="le%2Fgein">λέγειν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pra%2Fttein">πράττειν</w>, <w lemma="spouda%2Fzwn">σπουδάζων</w> <w lemma="diako%2Fyai">διακόψαι</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="dialu%2Fseis">διαλύσεις</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdoni%2Fous">Καρχηδονίους</w>.
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<w lemma="a%28%2Fma">ἅμα</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftw%7C">τούτῳ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="%2Ali%2Fbus">Λίβυς</w> <w lemma="tis">τις</w> <w lemma="%2Ama%2Fqws">Μάθως</w>, <w lemma="o%28%5Cs">ὃς</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dn">ἦν</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="e%29leu%2Fqeros">ἐλεύθερος</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="sunestrateume%2Fnwn">συνεστρατευμένων</w>, <w lemma="plei%3Dsta">πλεῖστα</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="kekinhkw%5Cs">κεκινηκὼς</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="proeirhme%2Fnas">προειρημένας</w> <w lemma="taraxa%2Fs">ταραχάς</w>. <w lemma="a%29gwniw%3Dn">ἀγωνιῶν</w> <w lemma="ou%29%3Dn">οὖν</w> <w lemma="mh%5C">μὴ</w> <w lemma="ti%2Fsh%7C">τίσῃ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="u%28pe%5Cr">ὑπὲρ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="loipw%3Dn">λοιπῶν</w> <w lemma="di%2Fkhn">δίκην</w>, <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="au%29th%3Ds">αὐτῆς</w> <w lemma="e%29ge%2Fneto">ἐγένετο</w> <w lemma="gnw%2Fmhs">γνώμης</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Aspe%2Fndion">Σπένδιον</w>.
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<w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="lamba%2Fnwn">λαμβάνων</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="%2Ali%2Fbuas">Λίβυας</w> <w lemma="u%28pedei%2Fknue">ὑπεδείκνυε</w> <w lemma="dio%2Fti">διότι</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="o%29ywniasmo%5Cn">ὀψωνιασμὸν</w> <w lemma="xwrisqe%2Fntwn">χωρισθέντων</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fllwn">ἄλλων</w> <w lemma="genw%3Dn">γενῶν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="patri%2Fdas">πατρίδας</w> <w lemma="a%29perei%2Fsontai">ἀπερείσονται</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="u%28pe%5Cr">ὑπὲρ</w> <w lemma="e%29kei%2Fnwn">ἐκείνων</w> <w lemma="o%29rgh%5Cn">ὀργὴν</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%5Cs">αὐτοὺς</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdo%2Fnioi">Καρχηδόνιοι</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="boulh%2Fsontai">βουλήσονται</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="sfa%3Ds">σφᾶς</w> <w lemma="timwri%2Fas">τιμωρίας</w> <w lemma="a%28%2Fpantas">ἅπαντας</w> <w lemma="kataplh%2Fcasqai">καταπλήξασθαι</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="%2Alibu%2Fh%7C">Λιβύῃ</w>.
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<w lemma="taxu%5C">ταχὺ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="prosanaseisqe%2Fntes">προσανασεισθέντες</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="polloi%5C">πολλοὶ</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="toiou%2Ftois">τοιούτοις</w> <w lemma="lo%2Fgois">λόγοις</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="lambano%2Fmenoi">λαμβανόμενοι</w> <w lemma="braxei%2Fas">βραχείας</w> <w lemma="a%29formh%3Ds">ἀφορμῆς</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Age%2Fskwna">Γέσκωνα</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="o%29yw%2Fnia">ὀψώνια</w> <w lemma="dialu%2Fein">διαλύειν</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tima%5Cs">τιμὰς</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="si%2Ftou">σίτου</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="i%28%2Fppwn">ἵππων</w> <w lemma="u%28perti%2Fqesqai">ὑπερτίθεσθαι</w>, <w lemma="sune%2Ftrexon">συνέτρεχον</w> <w lemma="eu%29qe%2Fws">εὐθέως</w> <w lemma="ei%29s">εἰς</w> <w lemma="e%29kklhsi%2Fan">ἐκκλησίαν</w>.
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<w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="%2Aspendi%2Fou">Σπενδίου</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="%2Ama%2Fqw">Μάθω</w> <w lemma="diaballo%2Fntwn">διαβαλλόντων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="kathgorou%2Fntwn">κατηγορούντων</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="te">τε</w> <w lemma="%2Age%2Fskwnos">Γέσκωνος</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdoni%2Fwn">Καρχηδονίων</w> <w lemma="h%29%2Fkouon">ἤκουον</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="prosei%3Dxon">προσεῖχον</w> <w lemma="e%29pimelw%3Ds">ἐπιμελῶς</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="nou%3Dn">νοῦν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="legome%2Fnois">λεγομένοις</w>. <w lemma="ei%29">εἰ</w> <w lemma="de%2F">δέ</w> <w lemma="tis">τις</w> <w lemma="e%28%2Fteros">ἕτερος</w> <w lemma="proporeuqei%2Fh">προπορευθείη</w> <w lemma="sumbouleu%2Fswn">συμβουλεύσων</w>,
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<w lemma="ou%29d%27">οὐδ᾽</w> <w lemma="au%29to%5C">αὐτὸ</w> <w lemma="tou%3Dto">τοῦτο</w> <w lemma="perimei%2Fnantes">περιμείναντες</w> <w lemma="e%28%2Fws">ἕως</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="gnw%3Dnai">γνῶναι</w> <w lemma="po%2Fteron">πότερον</w> <w lemma="a%29nterw%3Dn">ἀντερῶν</w> <w lemma="h%29%5C">ἢ</w> <w lemma="sunhgorh%2Fswn">συνηγορήσων</w> <w lemma="pa%2Fresti">πάρεστι</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2Aspe%2Fndion">Σπένδιον</w>, <w lemma="paraxrh%3Dma">παραχρῆμα</w> <w lemma="ba%2Fllontes">βάλλοντες</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="li%2Fqois">λίθοις</w> <w lemma="a%29pe%2Fkteinon">ἀπέκτεινον</w>.
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<w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pollou%5Cs">πολλοὺς</w> <w lemma="dh%5C">δὴ</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="toiou%2Ftw%7C">τοιούτῳ</w> <w lemma="tro%2Fpw%7C">τρόπῳ</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="sundroma%5Cs">συνδρομὰς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="h%28gemo%2Fnwn">ἡγεμόνων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="i%29diwtw%3Dn">ἰδιωτῶν</w> <w lemma="die%2Ffqeiron">διέφθειρον</w>.
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<w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="mo%2Fnon">μόνον</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="r%28h%3Dma">ῥῆμα</w> <w lemma="tou%3Dto">τοῦτο</w> <w lemma="koinh%3D%7C">κοινῇ</w> <w lemma="suni%2Fesan">συνίεσαν</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="ba%2Flle">βάλλε</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="sunexw%3Ds">συνεχῶς</w> <w lemma="au%29to%5C">αὐτὸ</w> <w lemma="pra%2Fttein">πράττειν</w>. <w lemma="ma%2Flista">μάλιστα</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%3Dt%27">τοῦτ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29poi%2Foun">ἐποίουν</w>, <w lemma="o%28po%2Fte">ὁπότε</w> <w lemma="mequsqe%2Fntes">μεθυσθέντες</w> <w lemma="a%29po%5C">ἀπὸ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="a%29ri%2Fstwn">ἀρίστων</w> <w lemma="sundra%2Fmoien">συνδράμοιεν</w>.
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<w lemma="dio%2Fper">διόπερ</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Fte">ὅτε</w> <w lemma="tis">τις</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Frcaito">ἄρξαιτο</w> <w lemma="ba%2Flle">βάλλε</w> <w lemma="le%2Fgein">λέγειν</w>, <w lemma="ou%28%2Ftws">οὕτως</w> <w lemma="e%29gi%2Fneto">ἐγίνετο</w> <w lemma="pantaxo%2Fqen">πανταχόθεν</w> <w lemma="a%28%2Fma">ἅμα</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="taxe%2Fws">ταχέως</w> <w lemma="w%28%2Fste">ὥστε</w> <w lemma="mhde%2Fna">μηδένα</w> <w lemma="du%2Fnasqai">δύνασθαι</w> <w lemma="diafugei%3Dn">διαφυγεῖν</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="a%28%2Fpac">ἅπαξ</w> <w lemma="proelqo%2Fntwn">προελθόντων</w>.
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<w lemma="plh%5Cn">πλὴν</w> <w lemma="ou%29deno%5Cs">οὐδενὸς</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fti">ἔτι</w> <w lemma="tolmw%3Dntos">τολμῶντος</w> <w lemma="sumbouleu%2Fein">συμβουλεύειν</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="tau%2Fthn">ταύτην</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="ai%29ti%2Fan">αἰτίαν</w>, <w lemma="kate%2Fsthsan">κατέστησαν</w> <w lemma="au%28tw%3Dn">αὑτῶν</w>
Gesco, on reaching <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Tunis&groupId=1051&placeId=1849">Tunis</a> by sea bringing the money, at first conferred privately with the officers, and subsequently held meetings of the troops according to their nationalities.
He rebuked them for their past conduct, attempted to enlighten them about the present, but most of all dwelt on the future, begging them to show themselves well-disposed to those in whose pay they had been from the outset.
Finally he proceeded to discharge their arrears, paying of each nationality separately.
There was a certain Campanian, a runaway Roman slave, called Spendius, a man of great physical strength and remarkable courage in war.
He was afraid of his master coming to claim him, when, if given up, he would be tortured and put to death. He therefore hesitated at nothing in his endeavour both by speech and action to break off the negotiations with the Carthaginians.
He was supported by a Libyan called Mathos, who was indeed a freeman and a member of the force, but had taken a leading part in the late disturbances. Consequently he stood in great fear of being singled out to bear the whole penalty and therefore was of one mind with Spendius.
Taking the Libyans aside, he pointed out to them that when the other nations departed to their own countries after being paid off, they would be left to bear the whole weight of the wrath of the Carthaginians, whose object it would be by the punishment they inflicted on them to terrorize all their Libyan subjects.
The men were soon stirred by such arguments, and availing themselves of the slender pretext that Gesco while discharging their pay postponed the compensation for the horses and corn, they at once held a meeting.
When Spendius and Mathos began to traduce and accuse Gesco and the Carthaginians, they were all ears, and listened with great attention,
but if anyone else came forward to offer an opinion, they did not even wait to find out if he were going to speak in favour of Spendius or against him, but at once stoned him to death.
Numbers both of the officers and privates perished thus in the different meetings,
and in fact this phrase "Stone him" was the only one that became intelligible to all the different nations, owing to the frequency of the act. They used to behave thus mostly when they held meetings after their morning meal in a drunken condition,
so that the moment anyone called out "Stone him," the stones flew from all sides and so quickly that it was impossible for anyone who once came forward to address them to escape.
As for this reason no one dared any longer to express an opinion, they appointed Mathos and Spendius Generals.