Polybius, Histories

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Book 1 - Chapter 43

1
<w lemma="%2Akata%5C">Κατὰ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="kairou%5Cs">καιροὺς</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftous">τούτους</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="h%28gemo%2Fnwn">ἡγεμόνων</w> <w lemma="tine%5Cs">τινὲς</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="megi%2Fstas">μεγίστας</w> <w lemma="xw%2Fras">χώρας</w> <w lemma="e%29xo%2Fntwn">ἐχόντων</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="misqofo%2Frois">μισθοφόροις</w> <w lemma="sullalh%2Fsantes">συλλαλήσαντες</w> <w lemma="e%28autoi%3Ds">ἑαυτοῖς</w> <w lemma="u%28pe%5Cr">ὑπὲρ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="po%2Flin">πόλιν</w> <w lemma="e%29ndou%3Dnai">ἐνδοῦναι</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fois">Ῥωμαίοις</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pepeisme%2Fnoi">πεπεισμένοι</w> <w lemma="peiqarxh%2Fsein">πειθαρχήσειν</w> <w lemma="sfi%2Fsi">σφίσι</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="u%28potetagme%2Fnous">ὑποτεταγμένους</w>, <w lemma="e%29ceph%2Fdhsan">ἐξεπήδησαν</w> <w lemma="nukto%5Cs">νυκτὸς</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="po%2Flews">πόλεως</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="to%5C">τὸ</w> <w lemma="strato%2Fpedon">στρατόπεδον</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="diele%2Fgonto">διελέγοντο</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fwn">Ῥωμαίων</w> <w lemma="strathgw%3D%7C">στρατηγῷ</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%2Ftwn">τούτων</w>.
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<w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="d%27">δ᾽</w> <w lemma="%2A%29axaio%5Cs">Ἀχαιὸς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29ale%2Fcwn">Ἀλέξων</w> <w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29akraganti%2Fnois">Ἀκραγαντίνοις</w> <w lemma="kata%5C">κατὰ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="e%29pa%2Fnw">ἐπάνω</w> <w lemma="xro%2Fnous">χρόνους</w> <w lemma="ai%29%2Ftios">αἴτιος</w> <w lemma="geno%2Fmenos">γενόμενος</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="swthri%2Fas">σωτηρίας</w>, <w lemma="kaq%27">καθ᾽</w> <w lemma="o%28%5Cn">ὃν</w> <w lemma="kairo%5Cn">καιρὸν</w> <w lemma="e%29peba%2Flonto">ἐπεβάλοντο</w> <w lemma="paraspondei%3Dn">παρασπονδεῖν</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%5Cs">αὐτοὺς</w> <w lemma="oi%28">οἱ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Asurakosi%2Fwn">Συρακοσίων</w> <w lemma="misqofo%2Froi">μισθοφόροι</w>, <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="to%2Fte">τότε</w> <w lemma="prw%3Dtos">πρῶτος</w> <w lemma="sunei%5Cs">συνεὶς</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="pra%3Dcin">πρᾶξιν</w> <w lemma="a%29nh%2Fggeile">ἀνήγγειλε</w> <w lemma="tw%3D%7C">τῷ</w> <w lemma="strathgw%3D%7C">στρατηγῷ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdoni%2Fwn">Καρχηδονίων</w>.
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<w lemma="o%28">ὁ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="diakou%2Fsas">διακούσας</w> <w lemma="paraxrh%3Dma">παραχρῆμα</w> <w lemma="sunh%3Dge">συνῆγε</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="kataleipome%2Fnous">καταλειπομένους</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="h%28gemo%2Fnwn">ἡγεμόνων</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pareka%2Flei">παρεκάλει</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="deh%2Fsews">δεήσεως</w>, <w lemma="mega%2Flas">μεγάλας</w> <w lemma="dwrea%5Cs">δωρεὰς</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="xa%2Fritas">χάριτας</w> <w lemma="u%28pisxnou%2Fmenos">ὑπισχνούμενος</w>, <w lemma="e%29a%5Cn">ἐὰν</w> <w lemma="e%29mmei%2Fnwsi">ἐμμείνωσι</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="au%29to%5Cn">αὐτὸν</w> <w lemma="pi%2Fstei">πίστει</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="mh%5C">μὴ</w> <w lemma="koinwnh%2Fswsi">κοινωνήσωσι</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="e%29celhluqo%2Fsi">ἐξεληλυθόσι</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="e%29pibolh%3Ds">ἐπιβολῆς</w>.
4
<w lemma="dexome%2Fnwn">δεχομένων</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="proqu%2Fmws">προθύμως</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="lo%2Fgous">λόγους</w>, <w lemma="eu%29qe%2Fws">εὐθέως</w> <w lemma="met%27">μετ᾽</w> <w lemma="au%29tw%3Dn">αὐτῶν</w> <w lemma="a%29pe%2Fsteile">ἀπέστειλε</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="%2Akeltou%5Cs">Κελτοὺς</w> <w lemma="%2A%29anni%2Fban">Ἀννίβαν</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="ui%28o%5Cn">υἱὸν</w> <w lemma="to%5Cn">τὸν</w> <w lemma="%2A%29anni%2Fbou">Ἀννίβου</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="metalla%2Fcantos">μεταλλάξαντος</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="%2Asardo%2Fni">Σαρδόνι</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="progegenhme%2Fnhn">προγεγενημένην</w> <w lemma="e%29n">ἐν</w> <w lemma="th%3D%7C">τῇ</w> <w lemma="stratei%2Fa%7C">στρατείᾳ</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%5Cs">αὐτοὺς</w> <w lemma="sunh%2Fqeian">συνήθειαν</w>, <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="a%29%2Fllous">ἄλλους</w> <w lemma="misqofo%2Frous">μισθοφόρους</w> <w lemma="%2A%29ale%2Fcwna">Ἀλέξωνα</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="par%27">παρ᾽</w> <w lemma="e%29kei%2Fnois">ἐκείνοις</w> <w lemma="a%29podoxh%5Cn">ἀποδοχὴν</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%3D">αὐτοῦ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="pi%2Fstin:">πίστιν·</w>
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<w lemma="oi%28%5C">οἳ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="sunagago%2Fntes">συναγαγόντες</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="plh%2Fqh">πλήθη</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="parakale%2Fsantes">παρακαλέσαντες</w>, <w lemma="e%29%2Fti">ἔτι</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="pistwsa%2Fmenoi">πιστωσάμενοι</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="proteinome%2Fnas">προτεινομένας</w> <w lemma="e%28ka%2Fstois">ἑκάστοις</w> <w lemma="dwrea%5Cs">δωρεὰς</w> <w lemma="u%28po%5C">ὑπὸ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="strathgou%3D">στρατηγοῦ</w>, <w lemma="r%28a%7Cdi%2Fws">ῥᾳδίως</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fpeisan">ἔπεισαν</w> <w lemma="au%29tou%5Cs">αὐτοὺς</w> <w lemma="me%2Fnein">μένειν</w> <w lemma="e%29pi%5C">ἐπὶ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="u%28pokeime%2Fnwn">ὑποκειμένων</w>.
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<w lemma="dio%5C">διὸ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="meta%5C">μετὰ</w> <w lemma="tau%3Dta">ταῦτα</w>, <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="e%29kphdhsa%2Fntwn">ἐκπηδησάντων</w> <w lemma="e%29k">ἐκ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="profanou%3Ds">προφανοῦς</w> <w lemma="e%29rxome%2Fnwn">ἐρχομένων</w> <w lemma="pro%5Cs">πρὸς</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="tei%2Fxh">τείχη</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="boulome%2Fnwn">βουλομένων</w> <w lemma="parakalei%3Dn">παρακαλεῖν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="le%2Fgein">λέγειν</w> <w lemma="ti">τι</w> <w lemma="peri%5C">περὶ</w> <w lemma="th%3Ds">τῆς</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="%2A%28rwmai%2Fwn">Ῥωμαίων</w> <w lemma="e%29paggeli%2Fas">ἐπαγγελίας</w>, <w lemma="ou%29x">οὐχ</w> <w lemma="oi%28%3Don">οἷον</w> <w lemma="prosei%3Dxon">προσεῖχον</w> <w lemma="au%29toi%3Ds">αὐτοῖς</w>, <w lemma="a%29ll%27">ἀλλ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%28plw%3Ds">ἁπλῶς</w> <w lemma="ou%29d%27">οὐδ᾽</w> <w lemma="a%29kou%2Fein">ἀκούειν</w> <w lemma="h%29ci%2Foun">ἠξίουν</w>, <w lemma="ba%2Fllontes">βάλλοντες</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="li%2Fqois">λίθοις</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="sunakonti%2Fzontes">συνακοντίζοντες</w> <w lemma="a%29pedi%2Fwcan">ἀπεδίωξαν</w> <w lemma="a%29po%5C">ἀπὸ</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="tei%2Fxous">τείχους</w>.
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<w lemma="%2Akarxhdo%2Fnioi">Καρχηδόνιοι</w> <w lemma="me%5Cn">μὲν</w> <w lemma="ou%29%3Dn">οὖν</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="ta%5Cs">τὰς</w> <w lemma="proeirhme%2Fnas">προειρημένας</w> <w lemma="ai%29ti%2Fas">αἰτίας</w> <w lemma="para%5C">παρὰ</w> <w lemma="mikro%5Cn">μικρὸν</w> <w lemma="h%29%3Dlqon">ἦλθον</w> <w lemma="a%29pole%2Fsai">ἀπολέσαι</w> <w lemma="ta%5C">τὰ</w> <w lemma="pra%2Fgmata">πράγματα</w>, <w lemma="paraspondhqe%2Fntes">παρασπονδηθέντες</w> <w lemma="u%28po%5C">ὑπὸ</w> <w lemma="tw%3Dn">τῶν</w> <w lemma="misqofo%2Frwn:">μισθοφόρων·</w>
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<w lemma="%2A%29ale%2Fcwn">Ἀλέξων</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="pro%2Fteron">πρότερον</w> <w lemma="%2A%29akraganti%2Fnois">Ἀκραγαντίνοις</w> <w lemma="e%29%2Fswse">ἔσωσε</w> <w lemma="dia%5C">διὰ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="pi%2Fstin">πίστιν</w> <w lemma="ou%29">οὐ</w> <w lemma="mo%2Fnon">μόνον</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="po%2Flin">πόλιν</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="xw%2Fran">χώραν</w>, <w lemma="a%29lla%5C">ἀλλὰ</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="tou%5Cs">τοὺς</w> <w lemma="no%2Fmous">νόμους</w> <w lemma="kai%5C">καὶ</w> <w lemma="th%5Cn">τὴν</w> <w lemma="e%29leuqeri%2Fan">ἐλευθερίαν</w>, <w lemma="to%2Fte">τότε</w> <w lemma="de%5C">δὲ</w> <w lemma="%2Akarxhdoni%2Fois">Καρχηδονίοις</w> <w lemma="ai%29%2Ftios">αἴτιος</w> <w lemma="e%29ge%2Fneto">ἐγένετο</w> <w lemma="tou%3D">τοῦ</w> <w lemma="mh%5C">μὴ</w> <w lemma="sfalh%3Dnai">σφαλῆναι</w> <w lemma="toi%3Ds">τοῖς</w> <w lemma="o%28%2Flois">ὅλοις</w>.
About this time some of the superior officers in the mercenary force, after talking the matter over among themselves and in the full conviction that their subordinates would obey them, sallied from the town by night to the Roman camp and made proposals to the Consul for the surrender of the city.
But the Achaean Alexon, who had on a former occasion saved the Agrigentines, when the Syracusan mercenaries had formed a project of breaking faith with them, was now too the first to get wind of what was going on and informed the Carthaginian general.
Himilco on hearing of it at once summoned the remaining officers and urgently implored their aid, promising them lavish gifts and favours if they remained loyal to him and refused to participate in the plot of those who had left the city.
On their readily consenting, he bade them return at once to their troops, sending with them to the Celts Hannibal, the son of that Hannibal who had died in <a class="linkToPlace" target="_blank" href="/place?placename=Sardinia&groupId=947&placeId=1685">Sardinia</a>, as they had served under him and were well acquainted with him, while to the other mercenaries he sent Alexon, owing to his popularity and credit with them.
They called a meeting of the soldiery and partly by entreating them, partly moreover by assuring them that each man would receive the bounty the general had offered, easily persuaded them to bide by their engagements.
So, afterwards, when the officers who had quitted the city advanced openly to the walls and attempted to entreat them and tell them of the promises made by the Romans, not only did they pay no attention but would not lend ear to them at all, and chased them away from the wall with stones and other missiles.
The Carthaginians, then, for the above reasons very narrowly escaped a complete disaster
due to the treachery of their mercenaries, and Alexon, who had previously saved by his loyalty not only the city and district but the laws and liberties of Agrigentum, now was the cause of the Carthaginians being saved from total ruin.