Bibliography


Title: Josephus' use of "Heimarmene": An interpretation of his philosophy of Jewish history related to the destruction of Jerusalem
Author: Bailey, Arhur A.
Type: Thesis
Year: 1990
Abstract: "Our examination of Josephus' use of heimarmene was to help explain why he would use a Greek philosophical term to explain Jewish tenets. We discovered that he employed the term not for traditional philosophical argument, but to focus attention on a life-style among the Jews that brought about the annihilation of everything significant to their existence as the people of God. Josephus consistently utilizes heimarmene to portray the inner turmoil that afflicted the society because of their decision to abandon the ways of God. He also used the term to identify the time when destruction for the society became inevitable. The basis of this inescapable tragedy was endemic to Jewish society, no external power was responsible for the terrible devastation that was wrought upon the Jews. The innate tendency in man to promote disorder and lawlessness in opposition to God's regulation was the phenomenon that Josephus addressed by his use of heimarmene. The condition it created brought the condemnation of God upon the Jews."
Keywords: Josephus as Theologian